我需要在 figureCanvas 中有 2 个可拖动点。但是我有一个补充约束:这 2 个点必须用一条线连接起来。 当我拖动一个点时，当然(否则它不会很有趣)，必须动态绘制线，并且仍然链接到 2 个点。

我设法创建了 2 个可拖动点，主题如下: Matplotlib drag overlapping points interactively

我修改了一些代码以通过 FigureCanvas 的子类使用它(稍后将图形包含在 PyQt 应用程序中):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches


class DraggablePoint:

    # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21654008/matplotlib-drag-overlapping-points-interactively

    lock = None #  only one can be animated at a time

    def __init__(self, parent, x=0.1, y=0.1):

        self.parent = parent
        self.point = patches.Ellipse((x, y), 0.01, 0.03, fc='r', alpha=0.5)
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        parent.fig.axes[0].add_patch(self.point)
        self.press = None
        self.background = None
        self.connect()


    def connect(self):

        'connect to all the events we need'

        self.cidpress = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.on_press)
        self.cidrelease = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.on_release)
        self.cidmotion = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.on_motion)


    def on_press(self, event):

        if event.inaxes != self.point.axes: return
        if DraggablePoint.lock is not None: return
        contains, attrd = self.point.contains(event)
        if not contains: return
        self.press = (self.point.center), event.xdata, event.ydata
        DraggablePoint.lock = self

        # draw everything but the selected rectangle and store the pixel buffer
        canvas = self.point.figure.canvas
        axes = self.point.axes
        self.point.set_animated(True)
        canvas.draw()
        self.background = canvas.copy_from_bbox(self.point.axes.bbox)

        # now redraw just the rectangle
        axes.draw_artist(self.point)

        # and blit just the redrawn area
        canvas.blit(axes.bbox)


    def on_motion(self, event):

        if DraggablePoint.lock is not self:
            return
        if event.inaxes != self.point.axes: return
        self.point.center, xpress, ypress = self.press
        dx = event.xdata - xpress
        dy = event.ydata - ypress
        self.point.center = (self.point.center[0]+dx, self.point.center[1]+dy)

        canvas = self.point.figure.canvas
        axes = self.point.axes
        # restore the background region
        canvas.restore_region(self.background)

        # redraw just the current rectangle
        axes.draw_artist(self.point)

        # blit just the redrawn area
        canvas.blit(axes.bbox)


    def on_release(self, event):

        'on release we reset the press data'
        if DraggablePoint.lock is not self:
            return

        self.press = None
        DraggablePoint.lock = None

        # turn off the rect animation property and reset the background
        self.point.set_animated(False)
        self.background = None

        # redraw the full figure
        self.point.figure.canvas.draw()

        self.x = self.point.center[0]
        self.y = self.point.center[1]

    def disconnect(self):

        'disconnect all the stored connection ids'

        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidpress)
        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidrelease)
        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidmotion)

future 的图上只有 2 个点，我可以通过 self.parent 从类 DraggablePoint 访问另一个点。

我想我需要在 on_motion 函数中在两点之间画一条线。但我试过了，一无所获。 您知道如何实现这一目标吗？

最佳答案

好吧，我终于找到了解决方案。我把它贴在这里供可能需要它的人使用。这段代码基本上允许有 2 个由一条线链接的可拖动点。如果您移动其中一个点，则直线随之而来。在科学应用中建立基线非常有用。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D


class DraggablePoint:

    # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21654008/matplotlib-drag-overlapping-points-interactively

    lock = None #  only one can be animated at a time

    def __init__(self, parent, x=0.1, y=0.1, size=0.1):

        self.parent = parent
        self.point = patches.Ellipse((x, y), size, size * 3, fc='r', alpha=0.5, edgecolor='r')
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        parent.fig.axes[0].add_patch(self.point)
        self.press = None
        self.background = None
        self.connect()

        if self.parent.list_points:
            line_x = [self.parent.list_points[0].x, self.x]
            line_y = [self.parent.list_points[0].y, self.y]

            self.line = Line2D(line_x, line_y, color='r', alpha=0.5)
            parent.fig.axes[0].add_line(self.line)


    def connect(self):

        'connect to all the events we need'

        self.cidpress = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.on_press)
        self.cidrelease = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.on_release)
        self.cidmotion = self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.on_motion)


    def on_press(self, event):

        if event.inaxes != self.point.axes: return
        if DraggablePoint.lock is not None: return
        contains, attrd = self.point.contains(event)
        if not contains: return
        self.press = (self.point.center), event.xdata, event.ydata
        DraggablePoint.lock = self

        # draw everything but the selected rectangle and store the pixel buffer
        canvas = self.point.figure.canvas
        axes = self.point.axes
        self.point.set_animated(True)
        if self == self.parent.list_points[1]:
            self.line.set_animated(True)
        else:
            self.parent.list_points[1].line.set_animated(True)
        canvas.draw()
        self.background = canvas.copy_from_bbox(self.point.axes.bbox)

        # now redraw just the rectangle
        axes.draw_artist(self.point)

        # and blit just the redrawn area
        canvas.blit(axes.bbox)


    def on_motion(self, event):

        if DraggablePoint.lock is not self:
            return
        if event.inaxes != self.point.axes: return
        self.point.center, xpress, ypress = self.press
        dx = event.xdata - xpress
        dy = event.ydata - ypress
        self.point.center = (self.point.center[0]+dx, self.point.center[1]+dy)

        canvas = self.point.figure.canvas
        axes = self.point.axes
        # restore the background region
        canvas.restore_region(self.background)

        # redraw just the current rectangle
        axes.draw_artist(self.point)

        if self == self.parent.list_points[1]:
            axes.draw_artist(self.line)
        else:
            self.parent.list_points[1].line.set_animated(True)
            axes.draw_artist(self.parent.list_points[1].line)

        self.x = self.point.center[0]
        self.y = self.point.center[1]

        if self == self.parent.list_points[1]:
            line_x = [self.parent.list_points[0].x, self.x]
            line_y = [self.parent.list_points[0].y, self.y]
            self.line.set_data(line_x, line_y)
        else:
            line_x = [self.x, self.parent.list_points[1].x]
            line_y = [self.y, self.parent.list_points[1].y]

            self.parent.list_points[1].line.set_data(line_x, line_y)

        # blit just the redrawn area
        canvas.blit(axes.bbox)


    def on_release(self, event):

        'on release we reset the press data'
        if DraggablePoint.lock is not self:
            return

        self.press = None
        DraggablePoint.lock = None

        # turn off the rect animation property and reset the background
        self.point.set_animated(False)
        if self == self.parent.list_points[1]:
            self.line.set_animated(False)
        else:
            self.parent.list_points[1].line.set_animated(False)

        self.background = None

        # redraw the full figure
        self.point.figure.canvas.draw()

        self.x = self.point.center[0]
        self.y = self.point.center[1]

    def disconnect(self):

        'disconnect all the stored connection ids'

        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidpress)
        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidrelease)
        self.point.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(self.cidmotion)

更新:

如何在 PyQt5 中使用 DraggablePoint 类:

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*-coding:Utf-8 -*

import sys
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg")
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, QtGui

from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

# Personnal modules
from drag import DraggablePoint


class MyGraph(FigureCanvas):

    """A canvas that updates itself every second with a new plot."""

    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):

        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)

        self.axes.grid(True)

        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, self.fig)
        self.setParent(parent)

        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                                   QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                                   QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

        # To store the 2 draggable points
        self.list_points = []


        self.show()
        self.plotDraggablePoints([0.1, 0.1], [0.2, 0.2], [0.1, 0.1])


    def plotDraggablePoints(self, xy1, xy2, size=None):

        """Plot and define the 2 draggable points of the baseline"""

        # del(self.list_points[:])
        self.list_points.append(DraggablePoint(self, xy1[0], xy1[1], size))
        self.list_points.append(DraggablePoint(self, xy2[0], xy2[1], size))
        self.updateFigure()


    def clearFigure(self):

        """Clear the graph"""

        self.axes.clear()
        self.axes.grid(True)
        del(self.list_points[:])
        self.updateFigure()


    def updateFigure(self):

        """Update the graph. Necessary, to call after each plot"""

        self.draw()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = MyGraph()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

关于python - 带有可拖动点的可拖动线，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28001655/