如果您只知道进程名称，使用 Go 代码杀死进程的有效方法是什么？我看到 os 包提供的一些功能，例如:

func FindProcess(pid int) (*Process, error)
func (p *Process) Kill() error
func (p *Process) Signal(sig Signal) error

是否有一种好的/通用的做法来获取 pid 而无需执行命令然后解析输出？

我找到了一种使用如下命令取回 pid 的方法:

• echo $(ps cax | grep myapp | grep -o '^[ ]*[0-9]*')

我有 used it with exec.Command()但如果有更好的方法，我想避免它。

最佳答案

运行外部命令可能是执行此操作的最佳方式。但是，至少只要您是要终止的进程的所有者，以下代码就可以在 Ubuntu 上运行。

// killprocess project main.go
package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
    "os"
    "path/filepath"
    "strconv"
    "strings"
)

// args holds the commandline args
var args []string

// findAndKillProcess walks iterative through the /process directory tree
// looking up the process name found in each /proc/<pid>/status file. If
// the name matches the name in the argument the process with the corresponding
// <pid> will be killed.
func findAndKillProcess(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
    // We just return in case of errors, as they are likely due to insufficient
    // privileges. We shouldn't get any errors for accessing the information we
    // are interested in. Run as root (sudo) and log the error, in case you want
    // this information.
    if err != nil {
        // log.Println(err)
        return nil
    }

    // We are only interested in files with a path looking like /proc/<pid>/status.
    if strings.Count(path, "/") == 3 {
        if strings.Contains(path, "/status") {

            // Let's extract the middle part of the path with the <pid> and
            // convert the <pid> into an integer. Log an error if it fails.
            pid, err := strconv.Atoi(path[6:strings.LastIndex(path, "/")])
            if err != nil {
                log.Println(err)
                return nil
            }

            // The status file contains the name of the process in its first line.
            // The line looks like "Name: theProcess".
            // Log an error in case we cant read the file.
            f, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
            if err != nil {
                log.Println(err)
                return nil
            }

            // Extract the process name from within the first line in the buffer
            name := string(f[6:bytes.IndexByte(f, '\n')])

            if name == args[1] {
                fmt.Printf("PID: %d, Name: %s will be killed.\n", pid, name)
                proc, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
                if err != nil {
                    log.Println(err)
                }
                // Kill the process
                proc.Kill()

                // Let's return a fake error to abort the walk through the
                // rest of the /proc directory tree
                return io.EOF
            }

        }
    }

    return nil
}

// main is the entry point of any go application
func main() {
    args = os.Args
    if len(args) != 2 {
        log.Fatalln("Usage: killprocess <processname>")
    }
    fmt.Printf("trying to kill process \"%s\"\n", args[1])

    err := filepath.Walk("/proc", findAndKillProcess)
    if err != nil {
        if err == io.EOF {
            // Not an error, just a signal when we are done
            err = nil
        } else {
            log.Fatal(err)
        }
    }
}

这只是一个示例，当然可以改进。我为 Linux 编写了这个代码并在 Ubuntu 15.10 上测试了代码。它不会在 Windows 上运行。

关于Golang - 按名称杀死进程，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41060457/