抱歉，这么笼统的标题，但我不太确定我到底缺少什么或做错了什么。我的目标是使用cygwin下的boost.python构建python扩展，并避免使用boost.build工具而不是boost.build工具。后一种方法为我工作的很好，但是现在我想这样做。我通过谷歌搜索和寻找相似的主题解决了许多问题，这有助于我找出一些技巧并向前迈进。但是在最后一步似乎存在一些问题。我将尝试详细描述我的所有步骤，以希望本文对将来的其他人有所帮助，并更好地描述设置。

因为我不太确定python和boost的原始安装(来自各个cygwin存储库)，所以我决定从头开始将其安装在主目录中，所以我要这样做:

/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0   - this is BOOST_ROOT

/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/tools/build/v2 

/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/tools/build/v2 

using python : 2.6 : /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin/python2.6 : /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/include/python2.6 : /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin ;

bjam --with-python toolset=gcc link=shared

/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/stage/lib 

// file xyz.cpp
#include <boost/python.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
using namespace boost::python;

class Hello
{
  std::string _msg;
public:
  Hello(std::string msg){_msg = msg;}
  void set(std::string msg) { this->_msg = msg; }
  std::string greet() { return _msg; }
};

BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(xyz)
{
  class_<Hello>("Hello", init<std::string>())
    .def("greet", &Hello::greet)
    .def("set", &Hello::set)
  ;  
}

FLAGS= -fno-for-scope -O2 -fPIC
CPP=c++

# BOOST v 1.50.0
p1=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0
pl1=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/stage/lib

# PYTHON v 2.6
p2=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/include/python2.6
pl2=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin


I=-I${p1} -I${p2}
L=-L${pl1} -lboost_python -L${pl2} -lpython2.6

all: xyz.so

xyz.o: xyz.cpp 
    ${CPP} ${FLAGS} ${I} -c xyz.cpp

xyz.so: xyz.o 
    ${CPP} ${FLAGS} -shared -o xyz.so xyz.o ${L}

clean:
    rm *.o
    rm xyz.so

link=shared 

${CPP} ${FLAGS} -shared -o xyz.so xyz.o ${L}

${CPP} ${FLAGS} -shared ${L} -o xyz.so xyz.o

# Python
export PATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin:$PATH
export PYTHONPATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/lib:/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# Boost
export BOOST_ROOT=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/stage/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/stage/lib:$PATH

# bjam
export PATH=/home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/tools/build/v2:$PATH

xyz.so

# this is a test.py script
import xyz

$ python test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 1, in <module>
    import xyz
ImportError: No module named xyz

$ which python
/home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin/python

$ ldd xyz.so
    ntdll.dll => /cygdrive/c/Windows/SysWOW64/ntdll.dll (0x76fa0000)
    kernel32.dll => /cygdrive/c/Windows/syswow64/kernel32.dll (0x76430000)
    KERNELBASE.dll => /cygdrive/c/Windows/syswow64/KERNELBASE.dll (0x748e0000)
    cygboost_python.dll => /home/Alexey_2/Soft/boost_1_50_0/stage/lib/cygboost_python.dll (0x70cc0000)
    cygwin1.dll => /usr/bin/cygwin1.dll (0x61000000)
    cyggcc_s-1.dll => /usr/bin/cyggcc_s-1.dll (0x6ff90000)
    cygstdc++-6.dll => /usr/bin/cygstdc++-6.dll (0x6fa90000)
    libpython2.6.dll => /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/bin/libpython2.6.dll (0x67ec0000)
    ??? => ??? (0x410000)

??? => ??? (0x410000)

python -vv test.py

# trying /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.dll   
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyzmodule.dll
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.py
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.pyc
...
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/xyz.dll
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/xyzmodule.dll
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/xyz.py
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Soft/python2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/xyz.pyc
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 1, in <module>
    import xyz
ImportError: No module named xyz

all: xyz.dll

xyz.o: xyz.cpp 
        ${CPP} ${FLAGS} ${I} -c xyz.cpp

xyz.dll: xyz.o 
    ${CPP} ${FLAGS} -shared -o xyz.dll xyz.o ${L}

clean:
    rm *.o
    rm xyz.dll

python -vv test.py

Python 2.6.8 (unknown, Mar 21 2013, 17:13:04)
[GCC 4.5.3] on cygwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
# trying /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.dll
dlopen("/home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.dll", 2);
import xyz # dynamically loaded from /home/Alexey_2/Programming/test/xyz.dll

最佳答案

该ImportError通常与Boost.Python不相关。相反，它通常指示xyz不在Python Module Search Path中。

要调试此功能，请考虑使用 -vv 参数运行python。这将导致python为尝试导入xyz时检查的每个文件打印一条消息。无论如何，构建过程看起来都是正确的，因此问题可能出在文件扩展名或模块不在搜索路径中。

我不确定Cygwin将如何与Python的运行时加载行为进行交互。然而:

关于c++ - 使用boost.python在cygwin中手动构建python扩展，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15571726/