我最近安装了 Emacs 24.3 并尝试使用它为 Python 编码(v3.3.2 x86-64 MSI 安装程序)。 (我是 Emacs 的新手)。然后我尝试通过将 zip 解压缩到

"C:\Users\mmsc\AppData\Roaming\.emacs.d\emacs-for-python" 

文件夹并添加

: (load-file "~/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-init.el") 

进入 C:\Users\mmsc\AppData\Roaming.emacs

启动 Emacs 后，我看到错误

Warning (initialization): An error occurred while loading `c:/Users/Klein/AppData/Roaming/.emacs':

error: Pymacs helper did not start within 30 seconds

To ensure normal operation, you should investigate and remove the cause of the error in your initialization file. Start Emacs with the `--debug-init' option to view a complete error backtrace.

通过“--debug-init”，我看到了下面的信息，但我对Emacs/Lisp了解不多，所以我不能轻易定位问题。

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (error "Pymacs helper did not start within 30 seconds")
  signal(error ("Pymacs helper did not start within 30 seconds"))
  pymacs-report-error("Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" 30)
  (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))
  (while (progn (goto-char (point-min)) (not (re-search-forward "<\\([0-9]+\\)  " nil t))) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start)))
  (let ((process (apply (quote start-process) "pymacs" buffer (let ((python (getenv "PYMACS_PYTHON"))) (if (or (null python) (equal python "")) pymacs-python-command python)) "-c" (concat "import sys;" " from Pymacs import main;" " main(*sys.argv[1:])") (append (and (>= emacs-major-version 24) (quote ("-f"))) (mapcar (quote expand-file-name) pymacs-load-path))))) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn (goto-char (point-min)) (not (re-search-forward "<\\([0-9]+\\)  " nil t))) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))) (let ((marker (process-mark process)) (limit-position (+ (match-end 0) (string-to-number (match-string 1))))) (while (< (marker-position marker) limit-position) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper probably was interrupted at start")))))
  (progn (let ((process (apply (quote start-process) "pymacs" buffer (let ((python ...)) (if (or ... ...) pymacs-python-command python)) "-c" (concat "import sys;" " from Pymacs import main;" " main(*sys.argv[1:])") (append (and (>= emacs-major-version 24) (quote ...)) (mapcar (quote expand-file-name) pymacs-load-path))))) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn (goto-char (point-min)) (not (re-search-forward "<\\([0-9]+\\)   " nil t))) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))) (let ((marker (process-mark process)) (limit-position (+ (match-end 0) (string-to-number (match-string 1))))) (while (< (marker-position marker) limit-position) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper probably was interrupted at start"))))) (goto-char (match-end 0)) (let ((reply (read (current-buffer)))) (if (and (pymacs-proper-list-p reply) (= (length reply) 2) (eq (car reply) (quote version))) (if (string-equal (cadr reply) "0.25") nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs Lisp version is 0.25, Python is %s" (cadr reply))) (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs got an invalid initial reply"))))
  (unwind-protect (progn (let ((process (apply (quote start-process) "pymacs" buffer (let (...) (if ... pymacs-python-command python)) "-c" (concat "import sys;" " from Pymacs import main;" " main(*sys.argv[1:])") (append (and ... ...) (mapcar ... pymacs-load-path))))) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn (goto-char (point-min)) (not (re-search-forward "<\\([0-9]+\\)  " nil t))) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))) (let ((marker (process-mark process)) (limit-position (+ (match-end 0) (string-to-number ...)))) (while (< (marker-position marker) limit-position) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper probably was interrupted at start"))))) (goto-char (match-end 0)) (let ((reply (read (current-buffer)))) (if (and (pymacs-proper-list-p reply) (= (length reply) 2) (eq (car reply) (quote version))) (if (string-equal (cadr reply) "0.25") nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs Lisp version is 0.25, Python is %s" (cadr reply))) (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs got an invalid initial reply")))) (set-match-data save-match-data-internal (quote evaporate)))
  (let ((save-match-data-internal (match-data))) (unwind-protect (progn (let ((process (apply (quote start-process) "pymacs" buffer (let ... ...) "-c" (concat "import sys;" " from Pymacs import main;" " main(*sys.argv[1:])") (append ... ...)))) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn (goto-char (point-min)) (not (re-search-forward "<\\([0-9]+\\)   " nil t))) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))) (let ((marker (process-mark process)) (limit-position (+ ... ...))) (while (< (marker-position marker) limit-position) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper probably was interrupted at start"))))) (goto-char (match-end 0)) (let ((reply (read (current-buffer)))) (if (and (pymacs-proper-list-p reply) (= (length reply) 2) (eq (car reply) (quote version))) (if (string-equal (cadr reply) "0.25") nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs Lisp version is 0.25, Python is %s" (cadr reply))) (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs got an invalid initial reply")))) (set-match-data save-match-data-internal (quote evaporate))))
  (save-current-buffer (set-buffer buffer) (erase-buffer) (buffer-disable-undo) (pymacs-set-buffer-multibyte nil) (set-buffer-file-coding-system (quote raw-text)) (let ((save-match-data-internal (match-data))) (unwind-protect (progn (let ((process (apply ... "pymacs" buffer ... "-c" ... ...))) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn (goto-char ...) (not ...)) (if (accept-process-output process pymacs-timeout-at-start) nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs helper did not start within %d seconds" pymacs-timeout-at-start))) (let ((marker ...) (limit-position ...)) (while (< ... limit-position) (if ... nil ...)))) (goto-char (match-end 0)) (let ((reply (read ...))) (if (and (pymacs-proper-list-p reply) (= ... 2) (eq ... ...)) (if (string-equal ... "0.25") nil (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs Lisp version is 0.25, Python is %s" ...)) (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs got an invalid initial reply")))) (set-match-data save-match-data-internal (quote evaporate)))))
  (let ((buffer (get-buffer-create "*Pymacs*"))) (save-current-buffer (set-buffer buffer) (erase-buffer) (buffer-disable-undo) (pymacs-set-buffer-multibyte nil) (set-buffer-file-coding-system (quote raw-text)) (let ((save-match-data-internal (match-data))) (unwind-protect (progn (let ((process ...)) (pymacs-kill-without-query process) (while (progn ... ...) (if ... nil ...)) (let (... ...) (while ... ...))) (goto-char (match-end 0)) (let ((reply ...)) (if (and ... ... ...) (if ... nil ...) (pymacs-report-error "Pymacs got an invalid initial reply")))) (set-match-data save-match-data-internal (quote evaporate))))) (if (not pymacs-use-hash-tables) (setq pymacs-weak-hash t) (if pymacs-used-ids (progn (let ((pymacs-transit-buffer buffer) (pymacs-forget-mutability t) (pymacs-gc-inhibit t)) (pymacs-call "zombie_python" pymacs-used-ids)) (setq pymacs-used-ids nil))) (setq pymacs-weak-hash (make-hash-table :weakness (quote value))) (if (boundp (quote post-gc-hook)) (add-hook (quote post-gc-hook) (quote pymacs-schedule-gc)) (setq pymacs-gc-timer (run-at-time 20 20 (quote pymacs-schedule-gc))))) (setq pymacs-transit-buffer buffer) (let ((modules pymacs-load-history)) (setq pymacs-load-history nil) (if (and modules (yes-or-no-p "Reload modules in previous session? ")) (progn (mapc (function (lambda (args) (condition-case err ... ...))) modules)))))
  pymacs-start-services()
  (if (and pymacs-transit-buffer (buffer-name pymacs-transit-buffer) (get-buffer-process pymacs-transit-buffer)) nil (if pymacs-weak-hash (progn (if (or (eq pymacs-auto-restart t) (and (eq pymacs-auto-restart (quote ask)) (yes-or-no-p "The Pymacs helper died.  Restart it? "))) nil (pymacs-report-error "There is no Pymacs helper!")))) (pymacs-start-services))
  pymacs-serve-until-reply("eval" (pymacs-print-for-apply (quote "pymacs_load_helper") (quote ("ropemacs" "rope-" nil))))
  pymacs-call("pymacs_load_helper" "ropemacs" "rope-" nil)
  (let ((lisp-code (pymacs-call "pymacs_load_helper" module prefix noerror))) (cond (lisp-code (let ((result (eval lisp-code))) (add-to-list (quote pymacs-load-history) (list module prefix noerror) (quote append)) (message "Pymacs loading %s...done" module) (run-hook-with-args (quote pymacs-after-load-functions) module) result)) (noerror (message "Pymacs loading %s...failed" module) nil)))
  pymacs-load("ropemacs" "rope-")
  setup-ropemacs()
  (progn (setup-ropemacs) (autoload (quote virtualenv-activate) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment specified by PATH" t) (autoload (quote virtualenv-workon) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment present using virtualenvwrapper" t) (add-hook (quote python-mode-hook) (lambda nil (if (buffer-file-name) (flymake-mode)))) (defun workon-postactivate (virtualenv) (require (quote virtualenv)) (virtualenv-activate virtualenv) (desktop-change-dir virtualenv)))
  (lambda nil (progn (setup-ropemacs) (autoload (quote virtualenv-activate) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment specified by PATH" t) (autoload (quote virtualenv-workon) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment present using virtualenvwrapper" t) (add-hook (quote python-mode-hook) (lambda nil (if (buffer-file-name) (flymake-mode)))) (defun workon-postactivate (virtualenv) (require (quote virtualenv)) (virtualenv-activate virtualenv) (desktop-change-dir virtualenv))))()
  funcall((lambda nil (progn (setup-ropemacs) (autoload (quote virtualenv-activate) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment specified by PATH" t) (autoload (quote virtualenv-workon) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment present using virtualenvwrapper" t) (add-hook (quote python-mode-hook) (lambda nil (if (buffer-file-name) (flymake-mode)))) (defun workon-postactivate (virtualenv) (require (quote virtualenv)) (virtualenv-activate virtualenv) (desktop-change-dir virtualenv)))))
  eval((funcall (quote (lambda nil (progn (setup-ropemacs) (autoload (quote virtualenv-activate) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment specified by PATH" t) (autoload (quote virtualenv-workon) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment present using virtualenvwrapper" t) (add-hook (quote python-mode-hook) (lambda nil (if (buffer-file-name) (flymake-mode)))) (defun workon-postactivate (virtualenv) (require (quote virtualenv)) (virtualenv-activate virtualenv) (desktop-change-dir virtualenv)))))))
  eval-after-load(python (progn (setup-ropemacs) (autoload (quote virtualenv-activate) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment specified by PATH" t) (autoload (quote virtualenv-workon) "virtualenv" "Activate a Virtual Environment present using virtualenvwrapper" t) (add-hook (quote python-mode-hook) (lambda nil (if (buffer-file-name) (flymake-mode)))) (defun workon-postactivate (virtualenv) (require (quote virtualenv)) (virtualenv-activate virtualenv) (desktop-change-dir virtualenv))))
  eval-buffer(#<buffer  *load*-819053> nil "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-python.el" nil t)  ; Reading at buffer position 4662
  load-with-code-conversion("c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-python.el" "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-python.el" nil t)
  require(epy-python)
  eval-buffer(#<buffer  *load*-283406> nil "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-init.el" nil t)  ; Reading at buffer position 476
  load-with-code-conversion("c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-init.el" "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-init.el" nil nil)
  load("c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/emacs-for-python/epy-init.el" nil nil t)
  load-file("C:\\Users\\mmsc\\AppData\\Roaming\\.emacs.d\\emacs-for-python\\epy-init.el")
  eval-buffer(#<buffer  *load*> nil "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs" nil t)  ; Reading at buffer position 656
  load-with-code-conversion("c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs" "c:/Users/mmsc/AppData/Roaming/.emacs" t t)
  load("~/.emacs" t t)

我试图从互联网上搜索一些帮助，但大多数都是针对 Linux/Unix 环境的。有没有人在 Windows 下将 Emacs 与 Python 一起使用并且知道这是什么意思以及我该如何修复它？

谢谢!

最佳答案

评论有点过分了:

    (let ((process
           (apply 'start-process "pymacs" buffer
                  (let ((python (getenv "PYMACS_PYTHON")))
                    (if (or (null python) (equal python ""))
                        pymacs-python-command
                      python))
                  "-c" (concat "import sys;"
                               " from Pymacs import main;"
                               " main(*sys.argv[1:])")
                  (append
                   (and (>= emacs-major-version 24) '("-f"))
                   (mapcar 'expand-file-name pymacs-load-path)))))

这是在 *Pymacs* 缓冲区中启动进程的 Pymacs 代码位。您可以由此推断 Pymacs 将首先搜索环境变量 $PYMACS_PYTHON，如果不存在或者它的值为空字符串，那么它将尝试 pymacs-python-command，默认情况下是 "python"。因此，它将进行以下调用:

$ python -c 'import sys; from Pymacs import main; main(*sys.argv[1:])'

-f 有问题 - 我不知道哪个版本的 Python 接受这个参数，但我有一个不接受。这段代码的意图很明确——可能它必须加载 pymacs-load-path 上的文件，但对我来说这个变量的值是 nil - 所以我不要认为这段代码曾经运行过。无论如何，这个论点似乎并没有伤害我，无论有没有它都一样。

因此，如果您尝试在控制台中运行上述命令，并得到如下信息:

(version "0.25")

然后这段代码可以正常工作，否则，您会得到一些错误，这将帮助您找出问题所在。请记住，它可能不仅仅是 python。它是 $PYMACS_PYHON 或 pymacs-python-command。

关于python - Windows 8 + Emacs 24.3 + emacs-for-python : Pymacs helper did not start within 30 seconds，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16973236/