我遇到一个问题，我正在通过 phpunit 在 laravel 5.4 中运行一些测试

我正在使用内存中的 sqlite 数据库进行测试

我有一个测试类，我从中删除了一堆其他东西，所以它看起来像

<?php

namespace Tests\Unit;

use App\User;
use App\Order;
use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseTransactions;

class OrderTest extends TestCase
{
    use DatabaseMigrations;

    /** @test */
    function can_update_status()
    {
         // This is empty, it fails on this test because its alphabetically the first test in the whole suite.
    }
}

我最近创建了一个新的迁移，其中添加了“付费”列

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddStatusToOrders extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn('completed');
            $table->boolean('paid')->default(0);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->boolean('completed')->default(0);
            $table->dropColumn('paid');
        });
    }
}

但是，每当我运行此测试时，我都会收到一条错误消息，指出付费列不存在 - 即使在 composer du

PHPUnit 6.0.7 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

...................................E

Time: 10.69 seconds, Memory: 46.00MB

There was 1 error:

1) Tests\Unit\OrderTest::can_mark_as_paid
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such column: paid (SQL: update "orders" set "paid" = 1, "updated_at" = 2017-04-05 15:27:11 where "id" = 1)

/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:647
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:607
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:477
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:416
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Query/Builder.php:2145
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Builder.php:768
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:581
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:501
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/app/Order.php:62
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/tests/Unit/OrderTest.php:95

Caused by
Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such column: paid

/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/doctrine/dbal/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php:79
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:470
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:640
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:607
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:477
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:416
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Query/Builder.php:2145
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Builder.php:768
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:581
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:501
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/app/Order.php:62
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/tests/Unit/OrderTest.php:95

Caused by
PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such column: paid

/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/doctrine/dbal/lib/Doctrine/DBAL/Driver/PDOConnection.php:77
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:470
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:640
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:607
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:477
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:416
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Query/Builder.php:2145
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Builder.php:768
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:581
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php:501
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/app/Order.php:62
/Users/owen/Sites/1st-choice-spares/tests/Unit/OrderTest.php:95

有没有人知道为什么会发生这种情况，我该如何解决？可能值得添加我已经尝试更改列名等，并且发生了同样的问题

谢谢

更新

如果我注释掉向下迁移中的行，例如 $table->dropColumn('paid');

然后它继续运行 - 但是我很难理解为什么 down 方法会在 up 运行之前运行？

更新2

上面的发现似乎是由于一开始就没有创建该列，如果我抑制该错误，则原始错误显示该列不存在 - 这表明迁移无法创建它。

最佳答案

根据 laravel 文档

Dropping or modifying multiple columns within a single migration while using a SQLite database is not supported.

虽然您没有尝试修改或删除多列，但您试图在一次迁移中删除和创建，并且在这两种情况下都执行了 ALTER TABLE 查询，这里的问题是 limitations of ALTER TABLE query of sqlite .

您可以像这样分隔每个语句:

 /**
 * Run the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function up()
{
    Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->dropColumn('completed');
    });

   Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
         $table->boolean('paid')->default(0);
    });
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->boolean('completed')->default(0);
    });
   Schema::table('orders', function (Blueprint $table) {
     $table->dropColumn('paid');
    });
}

关于PHPUnit 似乎没有运行 Laravel 迁移，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43234735/