我正在尝试使用 slf4j + log4j 设置一个项目，但该死的东西就是不起作用......我不断收到异常:

Failed to instantiate SLF4J LoggerFactory
Reported exception:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Level
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.bind(LoggerFactory.java:129)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.performInitialization(LoggerFactory.java:108)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:302)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:276)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:288)
at TestLog.main(TestLog.java:9)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Level
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:372)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:360)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 6 more
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Level
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.bind(LoggerFactory.java:129)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.performInitialization(LoggerFactory.java:108)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory(LoggerFactory.java:302)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:276)
at org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.java:288)
at TestLog.main(TestLog.java:9)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Level
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:372)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:360)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 6 more

我检查了 org.apache.log4j.Level 类在我的项目中的“Maven Dependencies > log4j-1.2.17.jar”下。那么为什么 VM 找不到它呢？

我已经尝试了以下选项:

1. slf4j-api + log4j
2. slf4j-api + slf4j-log4j12
3. slf4j-api + log4j
4. slf4j-api + slf4j-log4j12 + log4j

没有一个选项有效:(

这是我当前的 pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.sample</groupId>
  <artifactId>DBUnitSample</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

</project>

此外，我注意到在添加 slf4j-log4j12 时，它也在树中添加了 log4j 作为依赖项，所以我猜测在这里显式添加 log4j 是多余的，但我还是添加了它。仍然没有运气。

我的主要代码非常简单:

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class SampleDao {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SampleDao.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello");
        log.info("Logged");
    }
}

还有我的 log4j.properties:

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, STDOUT
log4j.logger.deng=INFO
log4j.appender.STDOUT=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.STDOUT.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n

有人可以告诉我我做错了什么吗？我已经尝试在 SO 上搜索答案，但是提到的所有答案都是为了添加我已经添加的 log4j 依赖项……所以不确定，哪里出了问题。

编辑:这是我的整个项目结构。我正在 R-clicking SampleDao 并将其作为 Java 应用程序运行。 (我现在也删除了 dbunit 依赖项，以将 slf4j 问题归零)

最佳答案

试试这些依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.5</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.5</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

关于java - 如何绑定(bind)SLF4J和Log4J？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25704527/