我有以下 Java 代码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class AESEncryption 
{
    public static final String AES_TRANSFORMATION = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
    public static final String AES_ALGORITHM = "AES";
    public static final int ENC_BITS = 256;
    public static final String CHARACTER_ENCODING = "UTF-8";

    private static Cipher ENCRYPT_CIPHER;
    private static Cipher DECRYPT_CIPHER;
    private static KeyGenerator KEYGEN; 

    static
    {
        try
        {
            ENCRYPT_CIPHER = Cipher.getInstance(AES_TRANSFORMATION);
            DECRYPT_CIPHER = Cipher.getInstance(AES_TRANSFORMATION);
            KEYGEN = KeyGenerator.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);
            KEYGEN.init(ENC_BITS);
        }
        catch(NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) 
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * This method is used to encode bytes[] to base64 string.
     * 
     * @param bytes
     *            : Bytes to encode
     * @return : Encoded Base64 String
     */

    private static String encodeBase64String(byte[] bytes) 
    {
         return new String(java.util.Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes));
    }

    /**
    * This method is used to decode the base64 encoded string to byte[]
    * 
    * @param stringData
    *            : String to decode
    * @return : decoded String
    * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
    */

    private static byte[] decodeBase64StringTOByte(String stringData) throws Exception 
    {
        return java.util.Base64.getDecoder().decode(stringData.getBytes(CHARACTER_ENCODING));
    }

    /**
    * This method is used to encrypt the string which is passed to it as byte[] and return base64 encoded
    * encrypted String
    * @param plainText
    *            : byte[]
    * @param secret
    *            : Key using for encrypt
    * @return : base64 encoded of encrypted string.
    * 
    */

    private static String encryptEK(byte[] plainText, byte[] secret)
    {
        try
        {
            SecretKeySpec sk = new SecretKeySpec(secret, AES_ALGORITHM);
            ENCRYPT_CIPHER.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, sk);
            return Base64.encodeBase64String(ENCRYPT_CIPHER.doFinal(plainText));    
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "";
        }
    }

    /**
    * This method is used to decrypt base64 encoded string using an AES 256 bit key.
    * 
    * @param plainText
    *            : plain text to decrypt
    * @param secret
    *            : key to decrypt
    * @return : Decrypted String
    * @throws IOException
    * @throws InvalidKeyException
    * @throws BadPaddingException
    * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
    */
    public static byte[] decrypt(String plainText, byte[] secret)
                throws InvalidKeyException, IOException, IllegalBlockSizeException,
                BadPaddingException,Exception 
    {
        SecretKeySpec sk = new SecretKeySpec(secret, AES_ALGORITHM);
        DECRYPT_CIPHER.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, sk);       
        return DECRYPT_CIPHER.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(plainText));
    }

    public static void main(String args[])throws Exception
    {
        String encKey = ""; 

        //client asp_secret
        String asp_secret="";   


        byte[] enc_key = decrypt(encKey, asp_secret.getBytes());

        String enc_asp_secret=encryptEK(asp_secret.getBytes(), decodeBase64StringTOByte(encodeBase64String(enc_key)));

        System.out.println("asp secret encrypted:");
        System.out.println(enc_asp_secret);     
    }
}

我碰巧在 StackOverflow 上看到一个非常相似的帖子没有答案

Cannot replicate an AES 256 encryption code from Java to PHP [duplicate]

它被标记为与另一个不同的问题重复。

我已经尝试了一些 PHP 代码，但没有成功。

我会为此增加赏金，因为我已经尝试了很长时间。

免责声明:使用与上述问题相同的代码片段，因为这个问题更清晰。

添加我试过的PHP代码

class AtomAES {

public function encrypt($data = '', $key = NULL, $salt = "") {
    if($key != NULL && $data != "" && $salt != ""){

        $method = "AES-256-CBC";

        //Converting Array to bytes
        $iv = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
        $chars = array_map("chr", $iv);
        $IVbytes = join($chars);


        $salt1 = mb_convert_encoding($salt, "UTF-8"); //Encoding to UTF-8
        $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8"); //Encoding to UTF-8

        //SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
        $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65536', 'sha1'); 

        $encrypted = openssl_encrypt($data, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);

        return bin2hex($encrypted);
    }else{
        return "String to encrypt, Salt and Key is required.";
    }
}

public function decrypt($data="", $key = NULL, $salt = "") {
    if($key != NULL && $data != "" && $salt != ""){
        $dataEncypted = hex2bin($data);
        $method = "AES-256-CBC";

        //Converting Array to bytes
        $iv = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15];
        $chars = array_map("chr", $iv);
        $IVbytes = join($chars);

        $salt1 = mb_convert_encoding($salt, "UTF-8");//Encoding to UTF-8
        $key1 = mb_convert_encoding($key, "UTF-8");//Encoding to UTF-8

        //SecretKeyFactory Instance of PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 Java Equivalent
        $hash = openssl_pbkdf2($key1,$salt1,'256','65536', 'sha1'); 

        $decrypted = openssl_decrypt($dataEncypted, $method, $hash, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $IVbytes);
        return $decrypted;
    }else{

        return "Encrypted String to decrypt, Salt and Key is required.";

    }
}

}

我无法使用此 PHP 解密使用 java 生成的字符串

更新

这是我尝试使用上述 java 代码加密的文本和 key

Random generated text (asp_secret)  : DTosv9G179D0cY1985Uh2eF6ND80C95L
Random generated Key used (encKey): VEMwcCYfFpsrXQVIFTDrA/2zP/5PYOY6JC1XEkEcLGSk/klt+HqHzGSr781Yznku
Encrypted string using above java code (enc_asp_secret): zAnTcjmAezfdzrWGixyfwmb8cM0otrsmwJ8+cNDs48Axh9hYgBtCJyeSE9tCvEBz

最佳答案

由于您对加密字符串的解密感兴趣，其中加密是使用 Java encryptEK 方法完成的，而解密应该使用 PHP decrypt 方法完成-method(反之亦然)我忽略了 main-method 的代码(这对我来说不是很清楚)，我专注于两个 Java 方法的移植，encryptEK 和 decrypt，到 PHP 方法。

Java encryptEK 方法将纯文本和 key 作为字节数组，使用 AES (256-ECB) 对纯文本进行加密，并使用 Base64 编码对密文进行编码。一个可能的 PHP 对应物是:

public function encrypt($data = '', $key = NULL) {
    if($key != NULL && $data != ""){
        $method = "AES-256-ECB";
        $encrypted = openssl_encrypt($data, $method, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA);
        $result = base64_encode($encrypted);
        return $result;
    }else{
        return "String to encrypt, Key is required.";
    }
}

注意:ECB 模式不使用 IV。

Java decrypt 方法采用 base64 编码的字符串，对其进行解码，然后对其进行解密。一个可能的 PHP 对应物是

public function decrypt($data="", $key = NULL) {
    if($key != NULL && $data != ""){
        $method = "AES-256-ECB";
        $dataDecoded = base64_decode($data);
        $decrypted = openssl_decrypt($dataDecoded, $method, $key, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA);
        return $decrypted;
    }else{
        return "Encrypted String to decrypt, Key is required.";
    }
}

Java 方法 encodeBase64String 和 decodeBase64StringTOByte 使用了 java.util.Base64 类，但 Java 不使用它们-方法 encryptEK 和 decrypt。取而代之的是 org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64 类(例如 https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/download_codec.cgi )的相应方法被使用。因此，我不会进一步注意这两种方法。

在 Java 引用代码中没有示例性地生成 256 位 AES key ，但通常通过以下方式生成随 secret 钥:

KEYGEN.init(256);
SecretKey secretKey = KEYGEN.generateKey();
byte[] key = secretKey.getEncoded();

在 PHP 中这是用

$key = random_bytes(32);

对于双方的混合加密/解密测试(例如 Java/PHP)，必须使用相同的 key 。例如，此 key 在 Java 中提供:

byte[] key = "This is a 256 bits = 32 byte key".getBytes(Charsets.UTF_8);

在 PHP 中:

$key = mb_convert_encoding("This is a 256 bits = 32 byte key", "UTF-8");

测试 1:使用 Java 加密/解密(使用随机生成的 key )

Plain text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Randomly generated key (hex): 20e9c191374b688e74e68ab6c969109e84c5c8e059d84f16f2beb07a7545cbc8
Encrypted text (base64 encoded): ZWOnSYErRxRRtqoVFTLVQMT329pOFHzN1gPDMuiZt0zFpt4n2TF/L54RB21zhVUa
Decrypted text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

测试 2:使用 PHP 加密/解密(使用随机生成的 key )

Plain text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Randomly generated key (hex): eecd40c21e2a395f3aa3baeac19bfc8dcee04ea6e07f02dca7069397a487824f
Encrypted text (base64 encoded): 8wjusOED9TTXHjyEqvmGExLATVlvhg3hXEBHQ6Ku3Fos2OrYKbF+4XdO6cD9JJA5
Decrypted text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

可能的加解密部分:

$key = random_bytes(32);
echo bin2hex($key);
$atomAES = new AtomAES();
$encrypt = $atomAES->encrypt("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", $key);
echo $encrypt; 
$decrypt = $atomAES->decrypt($encrypt, $key);
echo $decrypt;

测试 3:用 Java 加密/用 PHP 解密(使用上面的具体 key )

Plain text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Encrypted text (base64 encoded) with Java: /XjXJc5dNk6p/h2HL8MVmmWG8Vd0Ud2x1QQWwmIQr9OG/PXZ0AzsIIMV1YmvMJho
Decrypted text with PHP: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

可能的解密部分:

$key = mb_convert_encoding("This is a 256 bits = 32 byte key", "UTF-8");
$atomAES = new AtomAES();
$decrypt = $atomAES->decrypt("/XjXJc5dNk6p/h2HL8MVmmWG8Vd0Ud2x1QQWwmIQr9OG/PXZ0AzsIIMV1YmvMJho", $key);
echo $decrypt;

测试 4:用 PHP 加密/用 Java 解密(使用上面的具体 key )

Plain text: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
Encrypted text (base64 encoded) with PHP:  /XjXJc5dNk6p/h2HL8MVmmWG8Vd0Ud2x1QQWwmIQr9OG/PXZ0AzsIIMV1YmvMJho
Decrypted text with Java: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

可能的加密部分:

$key = mb_convert_encoding("This is a 256 bits = 32 byte key", "UTF-8");
$atomAES = new AtomAES();
$encrypt = $atomAES->encrypt("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", $key);
echo $encrypt; 

编辑:

与主要方法中的代码对应的是(结合您的示例):

$encKey = mb_convert_encoding("VEMwcCYfFpsrXQVIFTDrA/2zP/5PYOY6JC1XEkEcLGSk/klt+HqHzGSr781Yznku", "UTF-8");
$asp_secret = mb_convert_encoding("DTosv9G179D0cY1985Uh2eF6ND80C95L", "UTF-8");

atomAES = new AtomAES();
$enc_key = $atomAES->decrypt($encKey, $asp_secret);
$enc_asp_secret = $atomAES->encrypt($asp_secret, base64_decode(base64_encode($enc_key)));
//$enc_asp_secret = $atomAES->encrypt($asp_secret, $enc_key);

echo "asp secret encrypted:\n".mb_convert_encoding($enc_asp_secret, "UTF-8")."\n"; 

注意:PHP表达式base64_decode(base64_encode($enc_key))等同于$enc_key，因此您也可以将其替换为当前被注释掉的行。我编写它的唯一原因是因为它也是用 Java 代码编写的。这里 decodeBase64StringTOByte(encodeBase64String(enc_key) 是等价的 到 enc_key。那是因为一种方法是另一种方法的逆。

如果你运行上面的代码，输出是

asp secret encrypted:
zAnTcjmAezfdzrWGixyfwmb8cM0otrsmwJ8+cNDs48Axh9hYgBtCJyeSE9tCvEBz

您也可以定义 AtomAES 类的第三种方法:

public function main(){
    $encKey = mb_convert_encoding("VEMwcCYfFpsrXQVIFTDrA/2zP/5PYOY6JC1XEkEcLGSk/klt+HqHzGSr781Yznku", "UTF-8");
    $asp_secret = mb_convert_encoding("DTosv9G179D0cY1985Uh2eF6ND80C95L", "UTF-8");

    $enc_key = $this->decrypt($encKey, $asp_secret);
    $enc_asp_secret = $this->encrypt($asp_secret, base64_decode(base64_encode($enc_key)));
    //$enc_asp_secret = $this->encrypt($asp_secret, $enc_key);

    echo "asp secret encrypted:\n".mb_convert_encoding($enc_asp_secret, "UTF-8")."\n"; 
}

可以调用

$atomAES = new AtomAES();
$atomAES->main();

关于java - 无法使用 AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding 将加密方法从 Java 复制到 PHP，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53765611/