可以将不可复制但可 move 类型的右值push_back 放入该类型的 vector 中:

#include <vector>

struct S
{
    S(int);
    S(S&&);
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<S> v;
    v.push_back(S(1));
    v.push_back(S(2));
    v.push_back(S(3));
}

但是，当我尝试使用相同的右值初始化 vector 列表时，我收到有关需要复制构造函数的错误:

#include <vector>

struct S
{
    S(int);
    S(S&&);
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<S> v = {S(1), S(2), S(3)};
}

我在使用 GCC 4.7 时遇到以下错误:

In file included from include/c++/4.7.0/vector:63:0,
                 from test.cpp:1:
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_construct.h: In instantiation of 'void std::_Construct(_T1*, _Args&& ...) [with _T1 = S, _Args = {const S&}]':
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:77:3:   required from 'static _ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy<_TrivialValueTypes>::__uninit_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = const S*, _ForwardIterator = S*, bool _TrivialValueTypes = false]'
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:119:41:   required from '_ForwardIterator std::uninitialized_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = const S*, _ForwardIterator = S*]'
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:260:63:   required from '_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, std::allocator<_Tp>&) [with _InputIterator = const S*, _ForwardIterator = S*, _Tp = S]'
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_vector.h:1185:4:   required from 'void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::_M_range_initialize(_ForwardIterator, _ForwardIterator, std::forward_iterator_tag) [with _ForwardIterator = const S*, _Tp = S, _Alloc = std::allocator<S>]'
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_vector.h:362:2:   required from 'std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::vector(std::initializer_list<_Tp>, const allocator_type&) [with _Tp = S, _Alloc = std::allocator<S>, std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::allocator_type = std::allocator<S>]'
test.cpp:11:41:   required from here
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_construct.h:77:7: error: no matching function for call to 'S::S(const S&)'
include/c++/4.7.0/bits/stl_construct.h:77:7: note: candidates are:
test.cpp:6:5: note: S::S(S&&)
test.cpp:6:5: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from 'const S' to 'S&&'
test.cpp:5:5: note: S::S(int)
test.cpp:5:5: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from 'const S' to 'int'

这应该被允许吗？我认为它没有被允许的技术障碍，但我目前手头没有标准......

最佳答案

也许 8.5.4.5 中的这个条款解释了它(我的重点):

An object of type std::initializer_list is constructed from an initializer list as if the implementation allocated an array of N elements of type E, where N is the number of elements in the initializer list. Each element of that array is copy-initialized with the corresponding element of the initializer list, and the std::initializer_list object is constructed to refer to that array.

因此，如果对象是可复制的，则只能从列表中初始化。

更新:正如 Johannes 所指出的，复制初始化可以通过复制和 move 构造函数来实现，因此仅凭这一点还不足以回答这个问题。然而，这里是 18.9 中描述的 initializer_list 类规范的摘录:

  template<class _E>
    class initializer_list
    {
    public:
      typedef _E            value_type;
      typedef const _E&     reference;
      typedef const _E&     const_reference;
      typedef size_t        size_type;
      typedef const _E*     iterator;
      typedef const _E*     const_iterator;

注意没有非常量类型定义!

我刚刚尝试创建一个 IL 构造函数，该构造函数将通过 std::make_move_iterator 遍历初始值设定项列表，但由于 const T & 无法转换为 T&& 而失败.

所以答案是:你不能离开 IL，因为标准是这样说的。

关于c++ - Initializer-list-构造一个不可复制(但可 move )对象的 vector ，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7231351/