在我被人们说 XML 解析器不应该关心元素是空的还是自闭的之前，我有一个原因不允许自闭的 XML 元素。原因是我实际上使用的是 SGML 而不是 XML，而且我使用的 SGML DTD 非常严格，不允许这样做。

我有几千个 SGML 文件，我需要在这些文件上运行 XSLT。因此，为了应用 XSLT，我不得不暂时将 SGML 转换为 XML。然后我编写了一个将它们转换回 SGML 的方法(本质上只是用 SGML 声明替换 XML 声明并写回任何其他实体声明，例如图形实体)。

我的问题是，在转换回 SGML 之后，当我在 SGML 编辑器中打开文件时，文件无法解析，因为空元素已自行关闭。

有人知道我在使用 XmlDocument 时如何阻止这种情况发生吗？

将 SGML 与 XML 相互转换的方法如下所示

//converts the SGML file to XML – it’s during this conversion that the 
//empty elements get self-closed, i think

private XmlDocument convertToXML(TextReader reader)
        {
            // setup SgmlReader
            Sgml.SgmlReader sgmlReader = new Sgml.SgmlReader();
            //sgmlReader.DocType = "HTML";
            sgmlReader.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.All;
            sgmlReader.CaseFolding = Sgml.CaseFolding.ToLower;
            sgmlReader.InputStream = reader;


            // create document
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.PreserveWhitespace = true;

            doc.XmlResolver = null;
            doc.Load(sgmlReader);
            return doc;
        }

// method to apply the XSLT stylesheet to the XML document

private void filterApplic(string applicFilter)
        {
            string stylesheet = getRequiredStylesheet(); // do this just once

            if (stylesheet != "")
            {
                foreach (string file in FilesToConvert)
                {
                    fileName = Path.GetFileName(file); //gets just the file name from the path
                    fileNameNoExt = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(file);
                    string ext = Path.GetExtension(file);

                    if (ext == ".sgm")
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            publicIdentifier = getDoctype(file); // gets the sgml declaration
                            entitiesList = getEntitites(file); // gets the list of entities

                            TextReader tr = new StreamReader(file);
                            myDoc = convertToXML(tr);

                            myDoc.Save(outputFolder + "\\temp.xml");

                            var myXslTrans = new XslCompiledTransform();

                            myXslTrans.Load(stylesheet);
                            myXslTrans.Transform(outputFolder + "\\temp.xml", Path.Combine(outputFolder, fileNameNoExt +".xml"));

                            XmlDocument convertedDoc = new XmlDocument();
                           convertedDoc.Load(Path.Combine(outputFolder, fileNameNoExt + ".xml"));

                            convertToSGM(convertedDoc);

                            filesTransformed++;
                        }
                        catch (Exception e)
                        {
                            MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
                        }

                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("The stylesheet was retured empty. Cannot perform Applicability filter.");
                return;
            }


            MessageBox.Show("Complete! " + filesTransformed.ToString() + " files filtered for " + applicFilter);
        }


//convert files back to SGML
private void convertToSGM(XmlDocument myDoc)
        {

            using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
            using (var xmlTextWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stringWriter, settings))
            {

                myDoc.WriteTo(xmlTextWriter);
                xmlTextWriter.Flush();


                string xmltext = stringWriter.GetStringBuilder().ToString();

                xmltext = xmltext.Replace("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-16\"?>", "<!DOCTYPE DMODULE " + publicIdentifier + ">");
                xmltext = xmltext.Replace("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>", "<!DOCTYPE DMODULE " + publicIdentifier + ">");

                if (entitiesList.Count != 0)
                {
                    string entityListAsOne = "";

                    foreach (string entity in entitiesList)
                    {
                        entityListAsOne = entityListAsOne + "\r\n" + entity;
                    }

                    xmltext = xmltext.Replace("//EN\">", "//EN\" [" + entityListAsOne + "]>");
                }

                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(outputFolder, fileNameNoExt + ".sgm"), xmltext);
            }


        }

最佳答案

一种方法是子类化一个合适的 XmlWriter并覆盖 WriteEndElement()调用WriteFullEndElement() .

例如，这是 XmlTextWriter 的子类版本完成工作:

public class FullElementXmlTextWriter : XmlTextWriter
{
    public FullElementXmlTextWriter(TextWriter w) : base(w) { }

    public FullElementXmlTextWriter(Stream w, Encoding encoding) : base(w, encoding) { }

    public FullElementXmlTextWriter(string filename, Encoding encoding) : base(filename, encoding) { }

    public override void WriteEndElement()
    {
        base.WriteFullEndElement();
    }
}

然后像这样使用它:

string xmltext;
using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
{
    using (var xmlTextWriter = new FullElementXmlTextWriter(stringWriter))
    {
        myDoc.WriteTo(xmlTextWriter);
    }
    xmltext = stringWriter.ToString();
}

或者，如果您需要 XmlWriterSettings 提供的控件，您可以使用装饰器模式将任何 XmlWriter 封装在装饰器中，该装饰器会自动重新映射来自 WriteEndElement 的调用() 到 WriteFullEndElement():

public class FullElementXmlWriterDecorator : XmlWriterDecorator
{
    public FullElementXmlWriterDecorator(XmlWriter baseWriter) : base(baseWriter) { }

    public override void WriteEndElement()
    {
        base.WriteFullEndElement();
    }
}

public class XmlWriterDecorator : XmlWriter
{
    readonly XmlWriter baseWriter;

    public XmlWriterDecorator(XmlWriter baseWriter)
    {
        if (baseWriter == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException();
        this.baseWriter = baseWriter;
    }

    protected virtual bool IsSuspended { get { return false; } }

    public override void Close()
    {
        baseWriter.Close();
    }

    public override void Flush()
    {
        baseWriter.Flush();
    }

    public override string LookupPrefix(string ns)
    {
        return baseWriter.LookupPrefix(ns);
    }

    public override void WriteBase64(byte[] buffer, int index, int count)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteBase64(buffer, index, count);
    }

    public override void WriteCData(string text)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteCData(text);
    }

    public override void WriteCharEntity(char ch)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteCharEntity(ch);
    }

    public override void WriteChars(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteChars(buffer, index, count);
    }

    public override void WriteComment(string text)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteComment(text);
    }

    public override void WriteDocType(string name, string pubid, string sysid, string subset)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteDocType(name, pubid, sysid, subset);
    }

    public override void WriteEndAttribute()
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteEndAttribute();
    }

    public override void WriteEndDocument()
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteEndDocument();
    }

    public override void WriteEndElement()
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public override void WriteEntityRef(string name)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteEntityRef(name);
    }

    public override void WriteFullEndElement()
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteFullEndElement();
    }

    public override void WriteProcessingInstruction(string name, string text)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteProcessingInstruction(name, text);
    }

    public override void WriteRaw(string data)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteRaw(data);
    }

    public override void WriteRaw(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteRaw(buffer, index, count);
    }

    public override void WriteStartAttribute(string prefix, string localName, string ns)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteStartAttribute(prefix, localName, ns);
    }

    public override void WriteStartDocument(bool standalone)
    {
        baseWriter.WriteStartDocument(standalone);
    }

    public override void WriteStartDocument()
    {
        baseWriter.WriteStartDocument();
    }

    public override void WriteStartElement(string prefix, string localName, string ns)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteStartElement(prefix, localName, ns);
    }

    public override WriteState WriteState
    {
        get { return baseWriter.WriteState; }
    }

    public override void WriteString(string text)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteString(text);
    }

    public override void WriteSurrogateCharEntity(char lowChar, char highChar)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteSurrogateCharEntity(lowChar, highChar);
    }

    public override void WriteWhitespace(string ws)
    {
        if (IsSuspended)
            return;
        baseWriter.WriteWhitespace(ws);
    }
}

如果您在进行异步编写，我相信(但尚未测试)您也想修饰异步方法。

然后像这样使用它:

string xmltext;
using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
{
    using (var innerXmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stringWriter, settings))
    using (var xmlTextWriter = new FullElementXmlWriterDecorator(innerXmlWriter))
    {
        myDoc.WriteTo(xmlTextWriter);
    }
    xmltext = stringWriter.ToString();
}

fiddle .

关于c# - 如何在 C# 中使用 XmlDocument 停止空 XML 元素自关闭？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42959958/