我有一个使用 fragment 并实现了 ActionBarCompat 的 android 应用程序。我编写了如下所示的简单 Robolectric 测试:

@Test
public void shouldNotBeNull() throws Exception {
    MainFragment mainFragment = new MainFragment();
    startFragment(mainFragment);
    assertThat(mainFragment, notNullValue());
    assertThat(mainFragment.getActivity(), notNullValue());
}

private void startFragment(MainFragment fragment) {
    FragmentActivity activity = new FragmentActivity();
    shadowOf(activity).callOnCreate(null);
    shadowOf(activity).callOnStart();
    shadowOf(activity).callOnResume();

    FragmentManager fragmentManager = activity.getSupportFragmentManager();
    FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
    fragmentTransaction.add(fragment, null);
    fragmentTransaction.commit();
}

我遇到以下异常:

java.lang.NullPointerException: null
at android.app.Activity.invalidateOptionsMenu(Activity.java:2595)
at android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompatHoneycomb.invalidateOptionsMenu(ActivityCompatHoneycomb.java:30)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(FragmentActivity.java:572)
at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.setHasOptionsMenu(Fragment.java:708)
at com.example.android.ui.MainFragment.onCreate(MainFragment.java:599)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:834)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1080)
at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.run(BackStackRecord.java:622)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:1416)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl$1.run(FragmentManager.java:420)
at org.robolectric.util.Scheduler.postDelayed(Scheduler.java:37)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowLooper.post(ShadowLooper.java:198)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowHandler.postDelayed(ShadowHandler.java:56)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowHandler.post(ShadowHandler.java:51)
at android.os.Handler.post(Handler.java)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.enqueueAction(FragmentManager.java:1322)
at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.commitInternal(BackStackRecord.java:541)
at android.support.v4.app.BackStackRecord.commit(BackStackRecord.java:525)
at com.example.android.ui.MainFragmentTest.startFragment(MainFragmentTest.java:36)
at com.example.android.ui.MainFragmentTest.shouldNotBeNull(MainFragmentTest.java:22)

当使用这样的东西时:

MainActivity activity = new MainActivity();
shadowOf(activity).callOnCreate(null);
shadowOf(activity).callOnStart();
shadowOf(activity).callOnResume();

MainActivity 是 MainFragment 的持有者 Activity ，我得到以下异常:

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at org.robolectric.res.builder.RobolectricPackageManager.getActivityInfo(RobolectricPackageManager.java:59)
at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegate.getUiOptionsFromMetadata(ActionBarActivityDelegate.java:157)
at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivityDelegateICS.onCreate(ActionBarActivityDelegateICS.java:53)
at android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity.onCreate(ActionBarActivity.java:98)
at com.example.android.ui.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:45)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.invokeReflectively(ShadowActivity.java:176)
at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.callOnCreate(ShadowActivity.java:121)
at com.example.android.ui.MainFragmentTest.startFragment(MainFragmentTest.java:28)
at com.example.android.ui.MainFragmentTest.shouldNotBeNull(MainFragmentTest.java:22)

我怀疑这可能是因为 ActionBarCompat 和 Robolectric 不兼容。任何帮助将不胜感激。

最佳答案

从 Robolectric 2.4 开始，它应该支持 Appcompat 库。虽然有一些陷阱，因为它不是开箱即用的。对我有帮助的事情:

1. 创建具有以下内容的 project.properties 文件

如 the config manual 中所述:

target=android-19 android.library.reference.1=/../../build/intermediates/exploded-aar/com.android.support/appcompat-v7/20.0.0    
android.library.reference.2=/../../build/intermediates/exploded-aar/com.android.support/support-v4/20.0.0
android.library.reference.3=/../../build/intermediates/exploded-aar/com.viewpagerindicator/library/2.4.1

1. 在 build.gradle 中为 Robolectric 设置排除项

显然 Robolectric 有自己的支持库版本，因此需要以下内容来防止可能的重复依赖(引用自 here ):

   androidTestCompile('org.robolectric:robolectric:2.4') {
    exclude module: 'classworlds'
    exclude module: 'commons-logging'
    exclude module: 'httpclient'
    exclude module: 'maven-artifact'
    exclude module: 'maven-artifact-manager'
    exclude module: 'maven-error-diagnostics'
    exclude module: 'maven-model'
    exclude module: 'maven-project'
    exclude module: 'maven-settings'
    exclude module: 'plexus-container-default'
    exclude module: 'plexus-interpolation'
    exclude module: 'plexus-utils'
    exclude module: 'wagon-file'
    exclude module: 'wagon-http-lightweight'
    exclude module: 'wagon-provider-api'
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'appcompat-v7' }

关于java - Robolectric 使用 fragment 和 ActionBarCompat NullPointerException，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18076802/