我编写过单元测试、仪器测试和 Espresso 测试。我还使用 Android Test Orchestrator 运行它们以获得清晰的应用程序状态(对于 Espresso 测试很重要)。当我从 Android Studio 运行这些测试时，一切正常。但是当我尝试使用命令行时，我收到了我无法真正理解的错误。

当我尝试时:

./gradlew connectedAndroidTest or connectedDebugAndroidTest

我收到:

Instrumentation run failed due to 'java.lang.IllegalStateException'
com.android.builder.testing.ConnectedDevice > No tests found.[SM-J106H - 
6.0.1] FAILED 
No tests found. This usually means that your test classes are not in the 
form that your test runner expects (e.g. don't inherit from TestCase or lack 
@Test annotations).

当然，我所有的测试都带有@Test 注释。

当我尝试

adb shell am instrument -w my.package/android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner

我收到了

INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: Error=Unable to find instrumentation info for: 
ComponentInfo{mypackage/myCustomRunner}
INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS_CODE: -1

我使用 CustomTestRunner，但错误保持不变。

当我尝试

 adb shell 'CLASSPATH=$(pm path android.support.test.services) app_process / 
 \
 android.support.test.services.shellexecutor.ShellMain am instrument -w -e \
 targetInstrumentation 
 mypackage/myTestRunner \
 android.support.test.orchestrator/.AndroidTestOrchestrator'

那么输出等于:

Time: 0

OK (0 tests)

有人可以向我解释我做错了什么吗？我真的不明白为什么命令行没有任何作用，但在 Android Studio 中一切都运行良好。

/编辑

我的自定义运行器:

public final class CustomTestRunner extends AndroidJUnitRunner {

private static final String TAG = "CustomTestRunner";

@Override
public void onStart() {

    try {
        TestListener.getInstance().testRunStarted();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    runOnMainSync(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Context app = CustomTestRunner.this.getTargetContext().getApplicationContext();

            CustomTestRunner.this.disableAnimations(app);
        }
    });

    ActivityLifecycleMonitorRegistry.getInstance().addLifecycleCallback(new ActivityLifecycleCallback() {
        @Override public void onActivityLifecycleChanged(Activity activity, Stage stage) {
            if (stage == Stage.PRE_ON_CREATE) {
                activity.getWindow().addFlags(FLAG_DISMISS_KEYGUARD | FLAG_TURN_SCREEN_ON | FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
            }
        }
    });

    RxJavaPlugins.setIoSchedulerHandler(new Function<Scheduler, Scheduler>() {
        @Override
        public Scheduler apply(Scheduler scheduler) throws Exception {
            return Schedulers.from(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);
        }
    });

    RxJavaPlugins.setComputationSchedulerHandler(new Function<Scheduler, Scheduler>() {
        @Override
        public Scheduler apply(Scheduler scheduler) throws Exception {
            return Schedulers.from(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);
        }
    });

    RxJavaPlugins.setNewThreadSchedulerHandler(new Function<Scheduler, Scheduler>() {
        @Override
        public Scheduler apply(Scheduler scheduler) throws Exception {
            return Schedulers.from(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);
        }
    });

    super.onStart();
}


@Override
public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {
    try {
        TestListener.getInstance().testRunFinished();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    super.finish(resultCode, results);
    enableAnimations(getContext());
}

private void disableAnimations(Context context) {
    int permStatus = context.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE);
    if (permStatus == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        setSystemAnimationsScale(0.0f);
    }
}

private void enableAnimations(Context context) {
    int permStatus = context.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE);
    if (permStatus == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        setSystemAnimationsScale(1.0f);
    }
}

private void setSystemAnimationsScale(float animationScale) {
    try {
        Class<?> windowManagerStubClazz = Class.forName("android.view.IWindowManager$Stub");
        Method asInterface = windowManagerStubClazz.getDeclaredMethod("asInterface", IBinder.class);
        Class<?> serviceManagerClazz = Class.forName("android.os.ServiceManager");
        Method getService = serviceManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("getService", String.class);
        Class<?> windowManagerClazz = Class.forName("android.view.IWindowManager");
        Method setAnimationScales = windowManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("setAnimationScales", float[].class);
        Method getAnimationScales = windowManagerClazz.getDeclaredMethod("getAnimationScales");

        IBinder windowManagerBinder = (IBinder) getService.invoke(null, "window");
        Object windowManagerObj = asInterface.invoke(null, windowManagerBinder);
        float[] currentScales = (float[]) getAnimationScales.invoke(windowManagerObj);
        for (int i = 0; i < currentScales.length; i++) {
            currentScales[i] = animationScale;
        }
        setAnimationScales.invoke(windowManagerObj, new Object[]{currentScales});
        Log.d(TAG, "Changed permissions of animations");
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Could not change animation scale to " + animationScale + " :'(");
    }
}
}

那是我的一个 Espresso 测试类(可见 RecyclerView 列表中的一个项目的 DetailView)

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class DetailActivityTest {

private IdlingResource mInitialInformationIdlingResource;

@Before
public void setUp() throws UiObjectNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
    SetupHelper.setUp();

    File tempRealmFile = new File(InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext().getFilesDir(), PRODUCT_REALM_DB_FILE_NAME);

    if(tempRealmFile.length() <= 8192 && CustomAssertion.doesViewExist(R.id.countries)) {

        onView(withId(R.id.countries))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()));
        onData(anything()).inAdapterView(withId(R.id.countries)).atPosition(3).perform(click());

        mInitialInformationIdlingResource = new InitialInformationIdlingResource();
        IdlingRegistry.getInstance().register(mInitialInformationIdlingResource);

        Espresso.onView(withText("OK"))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()))
                .perform(click());
    }
}

@Test
public void ensureDetailViewWorks() throws UiObjectNotFoundException {
    SetupHelper.checkForDialogs();

    onView(withId(R.id.show_filter_results)).perform(scrollTo());

    onView(withId(R.id.show_filter_results))
            .check(matches(isDisplayed())).perform(scrollTo(), click());

    onView(withId(R.id.resultList)).perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(1, click()));
    onView(withId(R.id.main_container)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    onView(withId(R.id.detail_item_icon)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
}

我在 build.gradle 中的构建类型

buildTypes {

    debug {
        debuggable true
        minifyEnabled false
        versionNameSuffix "-debug"
        manifestPlaceholders = [HOCKEYAPP_APP_ID: ""]
        testCoverageEnabled true
    }

    release {
        minifyEnabled false
        proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        signingConfig signingConfigs.release
        versionNameSuffix "-release"
        manifestPlaceholders = [HOCKEYAPP_APP_ID: ""]
    }
}

最佳答案

查看您的设备/模拟器上的日志。甚至在测试开始之前，应用程序/测试代码中的某些内容就崩溃了。 “未找到测试。这通常意味着您的测试类不是您的测试运行程序所期望的形式。”对你完全没有帮助 =)

关于android - 从 IDE 运行测试有效，但不能从命令行运行，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50647307/