搭建skywalking需要用到三个镜像:
elasticsearch：用来存储数据
skywalking-oap-server：Skywalking服务器
skywalking-ui ：Skywalking的UI界面

下载镜像

docker pull elasticsearch:7.9.0
docker pull apache/skywalking-oap-server:8.9.1
docker pull apache/skywalking-ui:8.9.1

Docker 单独镜像安装

安装elasticsearch

本机创建持久化目录，官方推荐

mkdir -p /Users/admin/Documents/data/elasticsearch/data
mkdir -p /Users/admin/Documents/data/elasticsearch/logs

持久化启动elasticsearch

安装elasticsearch并挂载文件

docker run -d --name=es7 \
--restart=always \
-p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 \
-e "discovery.type=single-node" \
-v /Users/admin/Documents/data/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \
-v /Users/admin/Documents/data/elasticsearch/logs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/logs \
elasticsearch:7.9.0

查看启动情况

docker ps -a

查看镜像日志

docker logs -f es7

验证ES

浏览器访问：http://localhost:9200/，返回：

{
  "name" : "a0455020b01a",
  "cluster_name" : "docker-cluster",
  "cluster_uuid" : "AFy_WI-iQa63pVug9XIUXQ",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "7.9.0",
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "docker",
    "build_hash" : "a479a2a7fce0389512d6a9361301708b92dff667",
    "build_date" : "2020-08-11T21:36:48.204330Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "8.6.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

安装skywalking-oap

需要先安装好es才能安装opa

启动 skywalking-oap

docker run --name oap --restart=always -d \
-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
-p 12800:12800 \
-p 11800:11800 \
--link es7:es7 \
-e SW_STORAGE=elasticsearch7 \
-e SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES=es7:9200 \
apache/skywalking-oap-server:8.9.0

-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai：指定时区。
--link es7:es7：关联es7容器，通过容器名字来解决ip会发生变更的问题。
-e SW_STORAGE=elasticsearch：设置环境变量，指定存储方式。
-e SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES=es7:9200：设置环境变量，指定ES的地址

登录容器

docker exec -it oap bash 

安装skywalking-ui

启动UI

docker run -d --name skywalking-ui \
--restart=always \
-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
-p 8088:8080 \
--link oap:oap \
-e SW_OAP_ADDRESS=oap:12800 \
apache/skywalking-ui:8.9.0

访问UI：http://localhost:8088/

docker-compose 安装

编写docker-compose.yml文件

https://github.com/apache/skywalking/tree/master/docker 官网有示例docker-compose.yml文件，我们只需要下载下来修改下即可。

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# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

version: '3.8'
services:
  elasticsearch:
    # image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-oss:${ES_VERSION}
    image: elasticsearch:7.9.0
    container_name: elasticsearch
    # --restart=always ： 开机启动，失败也会一直重启；
    # --restart=on-failure:10 ： 表示最多重启10次
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "9200:9200"
      - "9300:9300"
    healthcheck:
      test: [ "CMD-SHELL", "curl --silent --fail localhost:9200/_cluster/health || exit 1" ]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 3
      start_period: 10s
    environment:
      - discovery.type=single-node
      # 锁定物理内存地址，防止elasticsearch内存被交换出去,也就是避免es使用swap交换分区，频繁的交换，会导致IOPS变高；
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      # 设置时区
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
      # - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
    ulimits:
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1

  oap:
    image: apache/skywalking-oap-server:8.9.1
    container_name: oap
    restart: always
    # 设置依赖的容器
    depends_on:
      elasticsearch:
        condition: service_healthy
    # 关联ES的容器，通过容器名字来找到相应容器，解决IP变动问题
    links:
      - elasticsearch
    # 端口映射
    ports:
      - "11800:11800"
      - "12800:12800"
    # 监控检查
    healthcheck:
      test: [ "CMD-SHELL", "/skywalking/bin/swctl ch" ]
      # 每间隔30秒执行一次
      interval: 30s
      # 健康检查命令运行超时时间，如果超过这个时间，本次健康检查就被视为失败；
      timeout: 10s
      # 当连续失败指定次数后，则将容器状态视为 unhealthy，默认 3 次。
      retries: 3
      # 应用的启动的初始化时间，在启动过程中的健康检查失效不会计入，默认 0 秒。
      start_period: 10s
    environment:
      # 指定存储方式
      SW_STORAGE: elasticsearch
      # 指定存储的地址
      SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES: elasticsearch:9200
      SW_HEALTH_CHECKER: default
      SW_TELEMETRY: prometheus
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
      # JAVA_OPTS: "-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m"

  ui:
    image: apache/skywalking-ui:8.9.1
    container_name: skywalking-ui
    restart: always
    depends_on:
      oap:
        condition: service_healthy
    links:
      - oap
    ports:
      - "8088:8080"
    environment:
      SW_OAP_ADDRESS: http://oap:12800
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai

启动容器

切换到docker-compose.yml文件下，然后执行一下命令：

docker-compose up -d

查看启动镜像

docker-compose ps

浏览器验证

访问网址 http://localhost:8088/

下载agent

1. 下载源码包，然后解压取agent目录
   https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/8.9.1/
   或
   https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/
   解压获得agent.jar。

2. 修改conf配置文件
   将地址改为skywalking地址

agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:Your_ApplicationName}
agent.instance_name=${SW_AGENT_INSTANCE_NAME:}
collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:127.0.0.1:11800}

3. 启动文件配置agent

-javaagent:/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar -Dskywalking.agent.service_name=demoskywalking -Dskywalking.collector.backend_service=127.0.0.1:11800

jar包方式

java -javaagent:/skywalking-agent/agent/skywalking-agent.jar
-Dskywalking.agent.service_name=app-service 
-Dskywalking.collector.backend_service=127.0.0.1:11800
-jar app-service.jar &