我正在尝试在处理文本时将所有类型的智能引号转换为常规引号。但是，我编译的以下功能似乎仍然缺乏支持和适当的设计。

有谁知道如何正确获取所有 quote characters转换？

function convert_smart_quotes($string)
{
    $quotes = array(
        "\xC2\xAB"   => '"', // « (U+00AB) in UTF-8
        "\xC2\xBB"   => '"', // » (U+00BB) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x98" => "'", // ‘ (U+2018) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x99" => "'", // ’ (U+2019) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9A" => "'", // ‚ (U+201A) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9B" => "'", // ‛ (U+201B) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9C" => '"', // “ (U+201C) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9D" => '"', // ” (U+201D) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9E" => '"', // „ (U+201E) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\x9F" => '"', // ‟ (U+201F) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\xB9" => "'", // ‹ (U+2039) in UTF-8
        "\xE2\x80\xBA" => "'", // › (U+203A) in UTF-8
    );
    $string = strtr($string, $quotes);

    // Version 2
    $search = array(
        chr(145),
        chr(146),
        chr(147),
        chr(148),
        chr(151)
    );
    $replace = array("'","'",'"','"',' - ');
    $string = str_replace($search, $replace, $string);

    // Version 3
    $string = str_replace(
        array('‘','’','“','”'),
        array("'", "'", '"', '"'),
        $string
    );

    // Version 4
    $search = array(
        '‘', 
        '’', 
        '“', 
        '”', 
        '—',
        '–',
    );
    $replace = array("'","'",'"','"',' - ', '-');
    $string = str_replace($search, $replace, $string);

    return $string;
}

注意:这个问题是关于所有引号的完整查询，包括 "Microsoft" quotes asked here这是一个“重复”，就像询问所有轮胎尺寸是一个“重复”询问汽车轮胎尺寸一样。

最佳答案

你需要这样的东西(假设 UTF-8 输入，并忽略 CJK(中文、日文、韩文)):

$chr_map = array(
   // Windows codepage 1252
   "\xC2\x82" => "'", // U+0082⇒U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x84" => '"', // U+0084⇒U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x8B" => "'", // U+008B⇒U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x91" => "'", // U+0091⇒U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x92" => "'", // U+0092⇒U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x93" => '"', // U+0093⇒U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x94" => '"', // U+0094⇒U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x9B" => "'", // U+009B⇒U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark

   // Regular Unicode     // U+0022 quotation mark (")
                          // U+0027 apostrophe     (')
   "\xC2\xAB"     => '"', // U+00AB left-pointing double angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\xBB"     => '"', // U+00BB right-pointing double angle quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x98" => "'", // U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x99" => "'", // U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9A" => "'", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9B" => "'", // U+201B single high-reversed-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9C" => '"', // U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9D" => '"', // U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9E" => '"', // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\x9F" => '"', // U+201F double high-reversed-9 quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\xB9" => "'", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xE2\x80\xBA" => "'", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
);
$chr = array_keys  ($chr_map); // but: for efficiency you should
$rpl = array_values($chr_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays
$str = str_replace($chr, $rpl, html_entity_decode($str, ENT_QUOTES, "UTF-8"));

背景介绍:

每个 Unicode 字符都属于一个 "General Category" , 其中可以包含引号字符的有:

• Ps "Punctuation, Open"
• Pe "Punctuation, Close"
• Pi "Punctuation, Initial quote (may behave like Ps or Pe depending on usage)"
• Pf "Punctuation, Final quote (may behave like Ps or Pe depending on usage)"
• Po "Punctuation, Other"

(这些页面可以方便地检查您是否遗漏了任何内容 - 还有一个 index of categories )

有时对 match these categories 很有用在启用 Unicode 的正则表达式中。

此外，Unicode 字符有 "properties" , 其中你感兴趣的是Quotation_Mark .不幸的是，这些在正则表达式中是不可访问的。

在维基百科中，您可以找到 group of characters with the Quotation_Mark property .最后的引用是PropList.txt在 unicode.org 上，但这是一个 ASCII 文本文件。

如果您也需要翻译 CJK 字符，您只需获取它们的代码点、决定它们的翻译并找到它们的 UTF-8 编码，例如，通过在 fileformat.info 中查找(例如，对于 U+ 301E: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/301e/index.htm ).

关于 Windows 代码页 1252:Unicode定义前 256 个代码点来表示与 ISO-8859-1 完全相同的字符, 但 ISO-8859-1 经常与 Windows codepage 1252 混淆, 因此所有浏览器都呈现 0x80-0x9F 范围，它在 ISO-8859-1 中是“空的”(更确切地说:它包含控制字符)，就像它是 Windows 代码页 1252 一样。The table in the Wikipedia page列出了 Unicode 等价物。

备注:strtr()通常比 str_replace() 慢.根据您的输入和您的 PHP 版本计时。如果够快，你可以直接使用像我的$chr_map这样的 map 。

如果您不确定您的输入是 UTF-8 编码的，并且愿意假设如果不是，那么它是 ISO-8859-1 或 Windows 代码页 1252，那么您可以先执行此操作:

if ( !preg_match('/^\\X*$/u', $str)) {
   $str = utf8_encode($str);
}

警告:尽管如此，此正则表达式在极少数情况下可能无法检测到非 UTF-8 编码。例如:"Gruß…"/*CP-1252*/=="Gru\xDF\x85" 看起来像这个正则表达式的 UTF-8(U+07C5 是 N'ko 数字 5)。这个正则表达式可以稍微增强，但不幸的是，它可以证明对于编码检测问题没有完全万无一失的解决方案。

如果您想将源自 Windows 代码页 1252 的范围 0x80-0x9F 规范化为常规 Unicode 代码点，您可以这样做(并删除上面 $chr_map 的第一部分):

$normalization_map = array(
   "\xC2\x80" => "\xE2\x82\xAC", // U+20AC Euro sign
   "\xC2\x82" => "\xE2\x80\x9A", // U+201A single low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x83" => "\xC6\x92",     // U+0192 latin small letter f with hook
   "\xC2\x84" => "\xE2\x80\x9E", // U+201E double low-9 quotation mark
   "\xC2\x85" => "\xE2\x80\xA6", // U+2026 horizontal ellipsis
   "\xC2\x86" => "\xE2\x80\xA0", // U+2020 dagger
   "\xC2\x87" => "\xE2\x80\xA1", // U+2021 double dagger
   "\xC2\x88" => "\xCB\x86",     // U+02C6 modifier letter circumflex accent
   "\xC2\x89" => "\xE2\x80\xB0", // U+2030 per mille sign
   "\xC2\x8A" => "\xC5\xA0",     // U+0160 latin capital letter s with caron
   "\xC2\x8B" => "\xE2\x80\xB9", // U+2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x8C" => "\xC5\x92",     // U+0152 latin capital ligature oe
   "\xC2\x8E" => "\xC5\xBD",     // U+017D latin capital letter z with caron
   "\xC2\x91" => "\xE2\x80\x98", // U+2018 left single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x92" => "\xE2\x80\x99", // U+2019 right single quotation mark
   "\xC2\x93" => "\xE2\x80\x9C", // U+201C left double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x94" => "\xE2\x80\x9D", // U+201D right double quotation mark
   "\xC2\x95" => "\xE2\x80\xA2", // U+2022 bullet
   "\xC2\x96" => "\xE2\x80\x93", // U+2013 en dash
   "\xC2\x97" => "\xE2\x80\x94", // U+2014 em dash
   "\xC2\x98" => "\xCB\x9C",     // U+02DC small tilde
   "\xC2\x99" => "\xE2\x84\xA2", // U+2122 trade mark sign
   "\xC2\x9A" => "\xC5\xA1",     // U+0161 latin small letter s with caron
   "\xC2\x9B" => "\xE2\x80\xBA", // U+203A single right-pointing angle quotation mark
   "\xC2\x9C" => "\xC5\x93",     // U+0153 latin small ligature oe
   "\xC2\x9E" => "\xC5\xBE",     // U+017E latin small letter z with caron
   "\xC2\x9F" => "\xC5\xB8",     // U+0178 latin capital letter y with diaeresis
);
$chr = array_keys  ($normalization_map); // but: for efficiency you should
$rpl = array_values($normalization_map); // pre-calculate these two arrays
$str = str_replace($chr, $rpl, $str);

关于php - 使用 PHP 转换所有类型的智能引号，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20025030/