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我正在尝试使用蓝图在 Flask 中创建一个“模块化应用程序”。
但是，在创建模型时，我遇到了必须引用应用程序才能获得 db 的问题。 -Flask-SQLAlchemy 提供的对象。我希望能够在多个应用程序中使用一些蓝图(类似于如何使用 Django 应用程序)，所以这不是一个好的解决方案。*

Edit: I've been thinking about this myself now, and this might be more related to SQLAlchemy than Flask because you have to have the declarative_base() when declaring models. And that's got to come from somewhere, anyway!

Perhaps the best solution is to have your project's schema defined in one place and spread it around, like Ruby on Rails does. Declarative SQLAlchemy class definitions are really more like schema.rb than Django's models.py. I imagine this would also make it easier to use migrations (from alembic or sqlalchemy-migrate).

from flask import Blueprint, render_template
from .models import Page

flat_pages = Blueprint('flat_pages', __name__, template_folder='templates')

@flat_pages.route('/<page>')
def show(page):
    page_object = Page.query.filter_by(name=page).first()
    return render_template('pages/{}.html'.format(page), page=page_object)

# TODO Somehow get ahold of a `db` instance without referencing the app
# I might get used in!

class Page(db.Model):
    name = db.Column(db.String(255), primary_key=True)
    title = db.Column(db.String(255))
    content = db.Column(db.String(255))

    def __init__(self, name, title, content):
        self.name = name
        self.title = title
        self.content = content

最佳答案

我相信最真实的答案是模块化蓝图不应该直接关注数据访问，而是依赖于提供兼容实现的应用程序。

因此，鉴于您的示例蓝图。

from flask import current_app, Blueprint, render_template

flat_pages = Blueprint('flat_pages', __name__, template_folder='templates')

@flat_pages.record
def record(state):
    db = state.app.config.get("flat_pages.db")

    if db is None:
        raise Exception("This blueprint expects you to provide "
                        "database access through flat_pages.db")

@flat_pages.route('/<page>')
def show(page):
    db = current_app.config["flat_pages.db"]
    page_object = db.find_page_by_name(page)
    return render_template('pages/{}.html'.format(page), page=page_object)

def setup_default_flat_pages_db(db):
    class Page(db.Model):
        name = db.Column(db.String(255), primary_key=True)
        title = db.Column(db.String(255))
        content = db.Column(db.String(255))

        def __init__(self, name, title, content):
            self.name = name
            self.title = title
            self.content = content

    class FlatPagesDBO(object):
        def find_page_by_name(self, name):
            return Page.query.filter_by(name=name).first()

    return FlatPagesDBO()

app.config["flat_pages.db"] = setup_default_flat_pages_db(db)

关于python - 在蓝图模型中使用 Flask-SQLAlchemy 而不引用应用程序，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13058800/