我正在尝试在使用 Click 在 Python 中构建的 CLI 应用程序上运行 PyInstaller图书馆。我在使用 PyInstaller 构建项目时遇到问题。 PyInstaller 在他们的 GitHub wiki 中有一个文档，标题为 Recipe Setuptools Entry Point ，它提供了有关如何将 PyInstaller 与 setuptools 包一起使用的信息，我正在将其用于该项目。但是，当我运行 pyinstaller --onefile main.spec 时，它似乎找不到基本模块。

我的问题是:问题仅仅是我的文件夹结构的问题吗？ Recipe Setuptools Entry Point假定某种文件结构？

相关信息

Pyinstaller 输出

184 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.3.1
184 INFO: Python: 3.6.4
189 INFO: Platform: Darwin-16.7.0-x86_64-i386-64bit
193 INFO: UPX is available.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/bin/pyinstaller", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(run())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 94, in run
    run_build(pyi_config, spec_file, **vars(args))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/__main__.py", line 46, in run_build
    PyInstaller.building.build_main.main(pyi_config, spec_file, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 791, in main
    build(specfile, kw.get('distpath'), kw.get('workpath'), kw.get('clean_build'))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyInstaller/building/build_main.py", line 737, in build
    exec(text, spec_namespace)
  File "<string>", line 40, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 26, in Entrypoint
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 582, in get_entry_info
    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_info(group, name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 564, in get_distribution
    dist = get_provider(dist)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 436, in get_provider
    return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 984, in require
    needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 870, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: The 'myapp' distribution was not found and is required by the application

main.py 的 main.spec 文件，它是我的 CLI 应用程序的入口点:

block_cipher = None

def Entrypoint(dist, group, name,
               scripts=None, pathex=None, hiddenimports=None,
               hookspath=None, excludes=None, runtime_hooks=None):
    import pkg_resources

    # get toplevel packages of distribution from metadata
    def get_toplevel(dist):
        distribution = pkg_resources.get_distribution(dist)
        if distribution.has_metadata('top_level.txt'):
            return list(distribution.get_metadata('top_level.txt').split())
        else:
            return []

    hiddenimports = hiddenimports or []
    packages = []
    for distribution in hiddenimports:
        packages += get_toplevel(distribution)

    scripts = scripts or []
    pathex = pathex or []
    # get the entry point
    ep = pkg_resources.get_entry_info(dist, group, name)
    # insert path of the egg at the verify front of the search path
    pathex = [ep.dist.location] + pathex
    # script name must not be a valid module name to avoid name clashes on import
    script_path = os.path.join(workpath, name + '-script.py')
    print ("creating script for entry point", dist, group, name)
    with open(script_path, 'w') as fh:
        print("import", ep.module_name, file=fh)
        print("%s.%s()" % (ep.module_name, '.'.join(ep.attrs)), file=fh)
        for package in packages:
            print ("import", package, file=fh)

    return Analysis([script_path] + scripts, pathex, hiddenimports, hookspath, excludes, runtime_hooks)

a = Entrypoint('myapp', 'console_scripts', 'myapp')

pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='main',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               name='main')

在我的虚拟环境中运行 pip3 install --editable . 时生成的 myapp 脚本的内容:

#!/some/path/to/myapp-cli/venv/bin/python3.6
# EASY-INSTALL-ENTRY-SCRIPT: 'myapp','console_scripts','myapp'
__requires__ = 'myapp'
import re
import sys
from pkg_resources import load_entry_point

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(
        load_entry_point('myapp', 'console_scripts', 'myapp')()
    )

最后，我的存储库结构:

myapp-cli/
├── README.md
├── myapp
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── main.py
│   ├── main.spec
│   ├── resources
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   └── functions.py
│   ├── subcommands
│   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   ├── config
│   │   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   │   └── cli.py
│   │   ├── create
│   │   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   │   └── cli.py
│   │   ├── destroy
│   │   │   ├── __init__.py
│   │   │   └── cli.py
│   │   └── switch
│   │       ├── __init__.py
│   │       └── cli.py
│   └── variables.py
├── requirements.txt
└── setup.py

还有我的setup.py 文件:

from setuptools import find_packages
from setuptools import setup
import os

base_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)

setup(
    entry_points = '''
        [console_scripts]
        myapp=myapp.main:entry_point
    ''',
    install_requires = [
        'packageone==1.0',
        'packagetwo==2.0',
    ],
    name = "myapp",
    packages=find_packages(),
    setup_requires="setuptools",
    version = "0.1",
)

最佳答案

首先:我结合使用了 Stephen 的答案和我自己的一些挖掘来找到答案。最后，Stephen 的第一部分成功了:手动添加/导出 PYTHONPATH 变量。您实际上可以在 Entrypoint 函数中使用 pathex 指定它，如下所示:

a = Entrypoint('myapp-cli',
    'console_scripts',
    'myapp',
    pathex=['/some/path/to/myapp-cli/myapp', '/some/path/to/myapp-cli']
)

毕竟我最终并不需要 myapp.main。

第二:我仍然遇到 PyInstaller not 生成单个二进制文件的问题。对我来说，这成功了:

• 将 最新 版本的 PyInstaller 添加到您的 requirements.txt 或 setup.py 中的 install_requires : https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/archive/develop.zip .
• 此外，您可以使用 pyi-makespec 中的 --onefile 选项制作您的 .spec 文件，如下所示:pyi -makespec --onefile myapp.py。这将生成一个 .spec 文件，确保您的所有包都被编译成二进制文件。

最后，下面的 spec 文件成功了，我能够制作一个完全可用的二进制文件:

# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None

def Entrypoint(dist, group, name,
               scripts=None, pathex=None, hiddenimports=None,
               hookspath=None, excludes=None, runtime_hooks=None):
    import pkg_resources

    # get toplevel packages of distribution from metadata
    def get_toplevel(dist):
        distribution = pkg_resources.get_distribution(dist)
        if distribution.has_metadata('top_level.txt'):
            return list(distribution.get_metadata('top_level.txt').split())
        else:
            return []

    hiddenimports = hiddenimports or []
    packages = []
    for distribution in hiddenimports:
        packages += get_toplevel(distribution)

    scripts = scripts or []
    pathex = pathex or []
    # get the entry point
    ep = pkg_resources.get_entry_info(dist, group, name)
    # insert path of the egg at the verify front of the search path
    pathex = [ep.dist.location] + pathex
    # script name must not be a valid module name to avoid name clashes on import
    script_path = os.path.join(workpath, name + '-script.py')
    print ("creating script for entry point", dist, group, name)
    with open(script_path, 'w') as fh:
        print("import", ep.module_name, file=fh)
        print("%s.%s()" % (ep.module_name, '.'.join(ep.attrs)), file=fh)
        for package in packages:
            print ("import", package, file=fh)

    return Analysis([script_path] + scripts, pathex, hiddenimports, hookspath, excludes, runtime_hooks)

a = Entrypoint('myapp-cli',
    'console_scripts',
    'myapp',
    pathex=['/some/path/to/myapp-cli/myapp', '/some/path/to/myapp-cli']
)

pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          name='myapp',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          runtime_tmpdir=None,
          console=True )

我认为最终使用类似 Cobra for Golang 的东西会更容易工作，因为 Golang 开箱即用地编译单文件二进制文件。但是，如果您更喜欢 Python，这应该可以解决问题。

关于python - setuptools 包上的 Pyinstaller，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48884766/