这是我的 PhpUnit 测试类:

<?php

namespace tests\AppBundle\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class SendEmailControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testMailIsSentAndContentIsCorrect()
    {
        $client = static:: createClient();

        ...
    }
}

但是当我尝试运行它时，我得到的错误是:

Unable to guess the Kernel directory.
 C:\myProject\vendor\symfony\symfony\src\Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase.php:62
 C:\myProject\vendor\symfony\symfony\src\Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase.php:138
 C:\myProject\vendor\symfony\symfony\src\Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase.php:184
 C:\myProject\vendor\symfony\symfony\src\Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase.php:165
 C:\myProject\vendor\symfony\symfony\src\Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase.php:33
 C:\myProject\tests\AppBundle\Controller\SendEmailControllerTest.php:12

ERRORS!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 0, Errors: 1.

Remaining deprecation notices (3)

  1x: Using the KERNEL_DIR environment variable or the automatic guessing based on the phpunit.xml / phpunit.xml.dist file location is deprecated since Symfony 3.4. Set the KERNEL_CLASS environment variable to the fully-qualified class name of your Kernel instead. Not setting the KERNEL_CLASS environment variable will throw an exception on 4.0 unless you override the :createKernel() or :getKernelClass() method.
    1x in SendEmailControllerTest::testMailIsSentAndContentIsCorrect from tests\AppBundle\Controller

  1x: The Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase::getPhpUnitXmlDir() method is deprecated since Symfony 3.4 and will be removed in 4.0.
    1x in SendEmailControllerTest::testMailIsSentAndContentIsCorrect from tests\AppBundle\Controller

  1x: The Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\KernelTestCase::getPhpUnitCliConfigArgument() method is deprecated since Symfony 3.4 and will be removed in 4.0.
    1x in SendEmailControllerTest::testMailIsSentAndContentIsCorrect from tests\AppBundle\Controller
C:\xampp\php\php.exe C:/myProject/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit --no-configuration tests\AppBundle\Controller\SendEmailControllerTest C:\myProject\tests\AppBundle\Controller\SendEmailControllerTest.php --teamcity
Testing started at 23:09 ...
PHPUnit 5.6.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.


Process finished with exit code 2

但问题是我不明白如何解决跟踪中指示的弃用问题...

编辑:

根据官方文档，我在 phpunit.xml.dist 中添加了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!-- https://phpunit.de/manual/current/en/appendixes.configuration.html -->
<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://schema.phpunit.de/4.8/phpunit.xsd"
         backupGlobals="false"
         colors="true"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
>
    <php>
        <ini name="error_reporting" value="-1" />
        <env name="KERNEL_CLASS" value="App\Kernel" />
        <server name="KERNEL_CLASS" value="AppKernel" />
    </php>

    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Project Test Suite">
            <directory>tests</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>

    <filter>
        <whitelist>
            <directory>src</directory>
            <exclude>
                <directory>src/*Bundle/Resources</directory>
                <directory>src/*/*Bundle/Resources</directory>
                <directory>src/*/Bundle/*Bundle/Resources</directory>
            </exclude>
        </whitelist>
    </filter>
</phpunit>

但是:

1) 我仍然得到同样的错误

2) 代码 http://schema.phpunit.de/4.8/phpunit.xsd 显示为红色，消息“URI 未注册(设置 | 语言和框架 | 模式和DTDs)。所以我去了那个地方，在“外部模式和 DTDs”中，我添加了那个 URI，位置是我的项目根目录。但是，这个红色警告仍然存在，我怀疑它与 location，但是它在哪里？

最佳答案

作为documentation states

To run your functional tests, the WebTestCase class needs to know which is the application kernel to bootstrap it. The kernel class is usually defined in the KERNEL_CLASS environment variable (included in the default phpunit.xml.dist file provided by Symfony):

<?xml version="1.0" charset="utf-8" ?>
<phpunit>
    <php>
        <!-- the value is the FQCN of the application kernel -->
        <env name="KERNEL_CLASS" value="App\Kernel" />
    </php>
    <!-- ... -->
</phpunit>

关于PhpUnit 弃用通知 : error guessing kernel directory，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49887713/