我正在使用 espresso 进行测试，但有时我尝试从外部存储中获取图像，并且使用 marshmallow 我需要运行时权限，否则会出现异常崩溃并且测试将失败。

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-intents:2.2.1'
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.2.1') {
    // this library uses the newest app compat v22 but the espresso contrib still v21.
    // you have to specifically exclude the older versions of the contrib library or
    // there will be some conflicts
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'appcompat'
    exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
    exclude module: 'recyclerview-v7'
}
androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestCompile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit-mock:1.9.0'
androidTestCompile 'com.squareup.assertj:assertj-android:1.1.0'
androidTestCompile 'com.squareup.spoon:spoon-client:1.2.0'

我怎样才能做到这一点？

我应该为运行时权限编写测试还是有办法禁用它以进行测试？

我应该像她所说的那样在测试运行之前授予权限吗？ https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLWz5rJ2EKKc-lJo_RGGXL2Psr8vVCTWjM&v=C8lUdPVSzDk

最佳答案

更新!现在您可以使用 Rule from Android Testing Support Library

比自定义规则更适合使用。

过时的答案:

您可以添加测试规则以重用代码并增加更多灵 active :

/**
 * This rule adds selected permissions to test app
 */

public class PermissionsRule implements TestRule {

    private final String[] permissions;

    public PermissionsRule(String[] permissions) {
        this.permissions = permissions;
    }

    @Override
    public Statement apply(final Statement base, Description description) {
        return new Statement() {
            @Override
            public void evaluate() throws Throwable {

                allowPermissions();

                base.evaluate();

                revokePermissions();
            }
        };
    }

    private void allowPermissions() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            for (String permission : permissions) {
                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeShellCommand(
                        "pm grant " + InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext().getPackageName()
                                + " " + permission);
            }
        }
    }

    private void revokePermissions() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            for (String permission : permissions) {
                InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeShellCommand(
                        "pm revoke " + InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext().getPackageName()
                                + " " + permission);
            }
        }
    }
}

之后，您可以在测试类中使用此规则:

@Rule
public final PermissionsRule permissionsRule = new PermissionsRule(
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS});

记住:

1. 规则不会影响 @Before 方法，因为所有规则都是 之后执行
2. executeShellCommand 是异步的，如果您需要在测试开始后立即接受权限，请考虑添加一些延迟

关于android - 如何管理运行时权限 android marshmallow espresso 测试，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32787234/