我正在使用 Hibernate 和 MySQL 开发一个 Java 网络应用程序。有时，当我尝试持久化事物时，会出现回滚异常:

javax.persistence.RollbackException: Error while committing the transaction
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:94)
    at com.tulips.dao.CommentDao.saveOrUpdate(CommentDao.java:42)
    at com.tulips.servlets.CommentsServlet.doPost(CommentsServlet.java:168)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:646)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1040)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:315)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.prepareEntityFlushes(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:155)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.flushEverythingToExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:91)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:55)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1222)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:425)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jdbc.JdbcTransaction.beforeTransactionCommit(JdbcTransaction.java:101)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.commit(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:177)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:77)
    ... 23 more

这是我的 persistence.xml 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
    version="2.0">

    <persistence-unit name="licenta_pu"
        transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<!--        <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider> -->
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>

        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/tulips"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="...." />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="...." />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/>
            <property name="hibernate.show-sql" value="false" />
<!--            <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="1000" /> -->
            <!-- <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /> -->          
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

我试过更改 hibernate 提供程序，但这没有帮助:( [org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence 和 org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider]

我不知道如何重现这个错误，有时我能做到，有时我不能。我观察到，每次在我重新启动计算机并在 Eclipse 中运行项目并尝试保留数据后，它都能正常工作。如果我停止该项目，最终通过 MySQL Workbench 将一些数据添加到数据库中，然后再次运行该项目，我会收到错误消息。

这是我的 EntityManagerHolder:

public class EntityManagerHolder {

    private static EntityManagerHolder INSTANCE = new EntityManagerHolder();
    private EntityManagerFactory emf;
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
        return entityManager;
    }

    public static EntityManagerHolder getInstance() {
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    private EntityManagerHolder() {
        super();
        emf = Persistence
                .createEntityManagerFactory("licenta_pu");
        entityManager = emf.createEntityManager();
    }

}

这是我的 GenericDao:

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;

import com.tulips.model.AbstractEntity;

@Transactional
public abstract class GenericDao {

    protected EntityManager em;

    public GenericDao(EntityManager em) {
        this.em = em;
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(AbstractEntity e) {
        if (e == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Trying to persist a null object");
        }
        em.getTransaction().begin();
        if (e.getId() == null) {
            em.persist(e);
        } else {
            em.merge(e);
        }
        em.getTransaction().commit();
    }


}

我正在使用以下 Hibernate 库:

        mysql-connector-java-5.1.9.jar;
        hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.4.Final.jar;
        hibernate-core-4.3.4.Final.jar;
        hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.4.Final.jar;
        hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar;

最佳答案

问题可能是您有一个由所有 Web 请求共享的 EntityManager。 EntityManager 不是线程安全的。 Web 应用程序中的标准方法是为每个请求创建一个新的 EntityManager 实例。可以共享 EntityManagerFactory，但不能共享 EntityManager。

来自Hibernate doc :

An EntityManager is an inexpensive, non-threadsafe object that should be used once, for a single business process, a single unit of work, and then discarded. An EntityManager will not obtain a JDBC Connection (or a Datasource) unless it is needed, so you may safely open and close an EntityManager even if you are not sure that data access will be needed to serve a particular request.

关于java - hibernate javax.persistence.RollbackException : Error while committing the transaction，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24576100/