我一直在尝试完成示例 FieldMailMerge和 VariableReplace但似乎无法运行本地测试用例。我基本上是尝试从一个 docx 模板文档开始，让它从那个替换了变量的模板创建 x 个 docx 文档。

在下面的代码中，docx4jReplaceSimpleTest() 尝试替换单个变量但没有成功。模板文件中的 ${} 值作为处理的一部分被删除，因此我相信它正在找到它们但由于某种原因没有替换它们。我知道这可能是由于示例代码的注释中解释的格式化所致，但为了进行故障排除只是为了让某些东西正常工作，我还是在尝试。

在下面的代码 docx4jReplaceTwoPeopleTest() 中，我想开始工作，我试图以我认为正确的方式来做，但这并没有找到或替换任何东西。它甚至没有从 docx 文件中删除 ${}。

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
    docx4jReplaceTwoPeopleTest();
    docx4jReplaceSimpleTest();
}

private static void docx4jReplaceTwoPeopleTest() throws Exception
{
      String docxFile = "C:/temp/template.docx";

      WordprocessingMLPackage wordMLPackage = WordprocessingMLPackage.load(new java.io.File(docxFile));

      List<Map<DataFieldName, String>> data = new ArrayList<Map<DataFieldName, String>>();

      Map<DataFieldName, String> map1 = new HashMap<DataFieldName, String>();
      map1.put(new DataFieldName("Person.Firstname"), "myFirstname");
      map1.put(new DataFieldName("Person.Lastname"), "myLastname");
      data.add(map1);

      Map<DataFieldName, String> map2 = new HashMap<DataFieldName, String>();
      map2.put(new DataFieldName("Person.Firstname"), "myFriendsFirstname");
      map2.put(new DataFieldName("Person.Lastname"), "myFriendsLastname");
      data.add(map2);

      org.docx4j.model.fields.merge.MailMerger.setMERGEFIELDInOutput(OutputField.KEEP_MERGEFIELD);

      int x=0;
      for(Map<DataFieldName, String> docMapping: data) 
      {
        org.docx4j.model.fields.merge.MailMerger.performMerge(wordMLPackage, docMapping, true);
        wordMLPackage.save(new java.io.File("C:/temp/OUT__MAIL_MERGE_" + x++ + ".docx") );
      }
}

private static void docx4jReplaceSimpleTest() throws Exception
{
      String docxFile = "C:/temp/template.docx";

      WordprocessingMLPackage wordMLPackage = WordprocessingMLPackage.load(new java.io.File(docxFile));

      HashMap<String, String> mappings = new HashMap<String, String>();
      mappings.put("Person.Firstname", "myFirstname");
      mappings.put("Person.Lastname", "myLastname");

      MainDocumentPart documentPart = wordMLPackage.getMainDocumentPart();
      documentPart.variableReplace(mappings);

    wordMLPackage.save(new java.io.File("C:/temp/OUT_SIMPLE.docx") );
}

docx 文件由以下文本组成(未进行格式化):

This is a letter to someone
Hi ${Person.Firstname} ${Person.Lastname},
How are you?
Thank you again. I wish to see you soon ${Person.Firstname}
Regards,
Someone

请注意，我也尝试至少替换 Person.Firstname 两次。由于姓氏甚至没有被替换，我认为这与它没有任何关系，但我添加它以防万一。

最佳答案

我遇到了同样的问题，当然我不能强制用户在撰写他们的 word 文档时做一些额外的事情，所以我决定只编写一个算法来扫描整个文档以查找在运行后追加的表达式，插入替换值和在第二次运行中删除表达式。如果其他人可能需要它，下面就是我所做的。我从某个地方得到了这门课，所以它可能很熟悉。我刚刚添加了方法 searchAndReplace()

package com.my.docx4j;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;

import org.docx4j.openpackaging.exceptions.Docx4JException;
import org.docx4j.openpackaging.packages.WordprocessingMLPackage;
import org.docx4j.wml.ContentAccessor;
import org.docx4j.wml.Text;

public class Docx4j {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Docx4JException, IOException, JAXBException {
        String filePath = "C:\\Users\\markamm\\Documents\\tmp\\";
        String file = "Hello.docx";

        Docx4j docx4j = new Docx4j();
        WordprocessingMLPackage template = docx4j.getTemplate(filePath+file);

//      MainDocumentPart documentPart = template.getMainDocumentPart();

        List<Object> texts = getAllElementFromObject(
                template.getMainDocumentPart(), Text.class);
        searchAndReplace(texts, new HashMap<String, String>(){
            {
                this.put("${abcd_efg.soanother_hello_broken_shit}", "Company Name here...");
                this.put("${I_dont_know}", "Hmmm lemme see");
                this.put("${${damn.right_lol}", "Gotcha!!!");
                this.put("${one_here_and}", "Firstname");
                this.put("${one}", "ChildA");
                this.put("${two}", "ChildB");
                this.put("${three}", "ChildC");
            }
            @Override
            public String get(Object key) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                return super.get(key);
            }
        });

        docx4j.writeDocxToStream(template, filePath+"Hello2.docx");
    }

    public static void searchAndReplace(List<Object> texts, Map<String, String> values){

        // -- scan all expressions  
        // Will later contain all the expressions used though not used at the moment
        List<String> els = new ArrayList<String>(); 

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int PASS = 0;
        int PREPARE = 1;
        int READ = 2;
        int mode = PASS;

        // to nullify
        List<int[]> toNullify = new ArrayList<int[]>();
        int[] currentNullifyProps = new int[4];

        // Do scan of els and immediately insert value
        for(int i = 0; i<texts.size(); i++){
            Object text = texts.get(i);
            Text textElement = (Text) text;
            String newVal = "";
            String v = textElement.getValue();
//          System.out.println("text: "+v);
            StringBuilder textSofar = new StringBuilder();
            int extra = 0;
            char[] vchars = v.toCharArray();
            for(int col = 0; col<vchars.length; col++){
                char c = vchars[col];
                textSofar.append(c);
                switch(c){
                case '$': {
                    mode=PREPARE;
                    sb.append(c);
//                  extra = 0;
                } break;
                case '{': {
                    if(mode==PREPARE){
                        sb.append(c);
                        mode=READ;
                        currentNullifyProps[0]=i;
                        currentNullifyProps[1]=col+extra-1;
                        System.out.println("extra-- "+extra);
                    } else {
                        if(mode==READ){
                            // consecutive opening curl found. just read it
                            // but supposedly throw error
                            sb = new StringBuilder();
                            mode=PASS;
                        }
                    }
                } break;
                case '}': {
                    if(mode==READ){
                        mode=PASS;
                        sb.append(c);
                        els.add(sb.toString());
                        newVal +=textSofar.toString()
                                +(null==values.get(sb.toString())?sb.toString():values.get(sb.toString()));
                        textSofar = new StringBuilder();
                        currentNullifyProps[2]=i;
                        currentNullifyProps[3]=col+extra;
                        toNullify.add(currentNullifyProps);
                        currentNullifyProps = new int[4];
                        extra += sb.toString().length();
                        sb = new StringBuilder();
                    } else if(mode==PREPARE){
                        mode = PASS;
                        sb = new StringBuilder();
                    }
                }
                default: {
                    if(mode==READ) sb.append(c);
                    else if(mode==PREPARE){
                        mode=PASS;
                        sb = new StringBuilder();
                    }
                }
                }
            }
            newVal +=textSofar.toString();
            textElement.setValue(newVal);
        }

        // remove original expressions
        if(toNullify.size()>0)
        for(int i = 0; i<texts.size(); i++){
            if(toNullify.size()==0) break;
            currentNullifyProps = toNullify.get(0);
            Object text = texts.get(i);
            Text textElement = (Text) text;
            String v = textElement.getValue();
            StringBuilder nvalSB = new StringBuilder();
            char[] textChars = v.toCharArray();
            for(int j = 0; j<textChars.length; j++){
                char c = textChars[j];
                if(null==currentNullifyProps) {
                    nvalSB.append(c);
                    continue;
                }
                // I know 100000 is too much!!! And so what???
                int floor = currentNullifyProps[0]*100000+currentNullifyProps[1];
                int ceil = currentNullifyProps[2]*100000+currentNullifyProps[3];
                int head = i*100000+j;
                if(!(head>=floor && head<=ceil)){
                    nvalSB.append(c);
                } 

                if(j>currentNullifyProps[3] && i>=currentNullifyProps[2]){
                    toNullify.remove(0);
                    if(toNullify.size()==0) {
                        currentNullifyProps = null;
                        continue;
                    }
                    currentNullifyProps = toNullify.get(0);
                }
            }
            textElement.setValue(nvalSB.toString());
        }
    }

    private WordprocessingMLPackage getTemplate(String name)
            throws Docx4JException, FileNotFoundException {
        WordprocessingMLPackage template = WordprocessingMLPackage
                .load(new FileInputStream(new File(name)));
        return template;
    }

    private static List<Object> getAllElementFromObject(Object obj,
            Class<?> toSearch) {
        List<Object> result = new ArrayList<Object>();
        if (obj instanceof JAXBElement)
            obj = ((JAXBElement<?>) obj).getValue();

        if (obj.getClass().equals(toSearch))
            result.add(obj);
        else if (obj instanceof ContentAccessor) {
            List<?> children = ((ContentAccessor) obj).getContent();
            for (Object child : children) {
                result.addAll(getAllElementFromObject(child, toSearch));
            }

        }
        return result;
    }

    private void replacePlaceholder(WordprocessingMLPackage template,
            String name, String placeholder) {
        List<Object> texts = getAllElementFromObject(
                template.getMainDocumentPart(), Text.class);

        for (Object text : texts) {
            Text textElement = (Text) text;
            if (textElement.getValue().equals(placeholder)) {
                textElement.setValue(name);
            }
        }
    }

    private void writeDocxToStream(WordprocessingMLPackage template,
            String target) throws IOException, Docx4JException {
        File f = new File(target);
        template.save(f);
    }
}

关于java - Docx4j - 如何用值替换占位符，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20484722/