我的目标是让函数组合使用这种精确语法:

int main() {
    Function<std::string, int> f([](const std::string& s) {return s.length();});
    Function<int, double> g([](int x) {return x + 0.5;});
    Function<double, int> h([](double d) {return int(d+1);});
    std::cout << compose(g, f, "hello") << '\n';  // g(f("hello")) = 5.5
    std::cout << compose(h, g, f, "hello") << '\n';  // h(g(f("hello"))) = 6
}

通过稍微更改语法，使 "hello" 参数先出现，我可以轻松地使用以下代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <tuple>
#include <string>

template <typename D, typename R>
struct Function {
    using domain = const D&;
    using range = R;
    using function = std::function<range(domain)>;
    const function& f;
    Function (const function& f) : f(f) {}
    range operator()(domain x) const {return f(x);}
};

template <typename... Ts>
struct LastType {
    using Tuple = std::tuple<Ts...>;
    using type = typename std::tuple_element<std::tuple_size<Tuple>::value - 1, Tuple>::type;
};

template <typename F, typename G>
typename G::range compose (const typename F::domain& x, const G& g, const F& f) {
    return g(f(x));
}

template <typename F, typename... Rest>
auto compose (const typename LastType<Rest...>::type::domain& x, const F& f, const Rest&... rest) {
    return f(compose(x, rest...));
}

int main() {
    Function<std::string, int> f([](const std::string& s) {return s.length();});
    Function<int, double> g([](int x) {return x + 0.5;});
    Function<double, int> h([](double d) {return int(d+1);});
    std::cout << compose("hello", g, f) << '\n';  // g(f("hello")) = 5.5
    std::cout << compose("hello", h, g, f) << '\n';  // h(g(f("hello"))) = 6
}

完成之后，我认为调整上述代码以获得我想要的确切语法(即“hello”位于列表末尾)将是一项微不足道的任务，但它变得更加困难比我想象的要多。我尝试了以下未编译的操作:

#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <tuple>
#include <string>

template <typename D, typename R>
struct Function {
    using domain = const D&;
    using range = R;
    using function = std::function<range(domain)>;
    const function& f;
    Function (const function& f) : f(f) {}
    range operator()(domain x) const {return f(x);}
};

template <typename F, typename G>
typename G::range compose (const G& g, const F& f, const typename F::domain& x) {
    return g(f(x));
}

template <typename F, typename... Rest>
auto compose (const F& f, const Rest&... rest) {
    return f(compose(rest...));
}

int main() {
    Function<std::string, int> f([](const std::string& s) {return s.length();});
    Function<int, double> g([](int x) {return x + 0.5;});
    Function<double, int> h([](double d) {return int(d+1);});
    std::cout << compose(g, f, "hello") << '\n';  // g(f("hello")) = 5.5
    std::cout << compose(h, g, f, "hello") << '\n';  // h(g(f("hello"))) = 6
}

而且我不知道如何修复它。谁能帮我解决这个问题？

我想到的一个新想法是定义 compose_，它将重新排序 args... 的参数(通过一些 std::tuple 操作)，以便第一个元素放在最后，然后将该参数包传递给 compose。虽然这看起来很困惑，但即使可行，也必须有更直接(和更短)的解决方案。

最佳答案

看起来下面的方法也有效:

template <typename T>
const T& compose (const T& t) {
    return t;
}

template <typename F, typename... Rest>
typename F::range compose(const F& f, Rest... rest) {
    return f(compose(rest...));
}

关于c++ - 具有可变参数模板的功能组合，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35959979/