在Rails(4.1.5/ruby​​ 2.0.0p481/win64)应用程序中，我在Student和Course之间建立了多对多关系，并表示了该关联的联接模型StudentCourse并具有和附加属性，称为start(set默认情况下为“false”)。

我还在由student_id和course_id组成的联接表中添加了一个索引，并对此设置了唯一的检查，就像这样

t.index [:student_id, :course_id], :unique => true, :name => 'by_student_and_course'

t.column :id, :primary_key

Student.first.courses.create(:name => "english")

Course.first.students << Student.first

+----+-----------+
| id | name      |
+----+-----------+
| 1  | Aidan     |
| 2  | Alison    |
| 3  | Elizabeth |
+----+-----------+

+----+----------+------------------+
| id | name     | description      |
+----+----------+------------------+
| 1  | english  | desc. here       |
| 2  | music    | desc. here       |
| 3  | dance    | desc. here       |
| 4  | science  | desc. here       |
| 5  | french   | desc. here       |
| 6  | arts     | desc. here       |
+----+----------+------------------+

+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| course_id   | student_id | started    | id |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| 1           | 1          | false      | 1  |
| 2           | 1          | false      | 2  |
| 3           | 1          | false      | 3  |
| 1           | 2          | true       | 4  |
| 2           | 2          | true       | 5  |
| 4           | 3          | false      | 6  |
| 5           | 2          | false      | 7  |
| 5           | 1          | true       | 8  |
| 6           | 2          | false      | 9  |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+

render json: Course.all.to_json(:include => {:students => {:only => :name}})

render json: @student.courses.to_json(:include => {:students => {:only => :name}})

StudentCourse.all.where(student_id: @student.id, started: false)

+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| course_id   | student_id | started    | id |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| 5           | 2          | false      | 7  |
| 6           | 2          | false      | 9  |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+

aiden_started_courses = Student(1).courses.where(:student_courses => {:started => true } )

aiden_started_courses[0].student_courses.where(:started => false).includes(:student).to_json(:include => :student)

+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| course_id   | student_id | started    | id |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| 1           | 2          | false      | 4  |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+
| 1           | 9          | false      | 5  |
+-------------+------------+------------+----+

Student.includes(:student_courses).
where(:student_courses => { :started => false, :course_id => aiden.courses.where
           (:student_courses => {started: true}).ids  } ) 

Course.includes(:students).where(:student_courses => {:started => false, 
   :course_id => aiden.courses.where(:student_courses => {:started =>true}).ids })

[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "english",
        "students": [
            {"name": "ALison"},
            {"name": "Robert"}]
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "music",
        "description": null,
        "students": [
            {"name": "Robert"},
            {"name": "Kate"}]
    }
]

最佳答案

使用JBuilder，Rails默认提供它。忽略以“＃”开头的行:

Jbuilder.new do |j|

    # courses: [{
    j.courses <student.courses - replace this with whatever variable> do |course|

      # id: <course.id>
      j.id course.id 

      # name: <course.name>
      j.name course.name

      # students: [{
      j.students <course.students - replace with whatever variable> do |student|

          # name: <student.name>
          j.name student.name

      end
      # }]

   end
   # }]

end

student_courses = <...blah...>
json = Jbuilder.new do |j|
  j.courses student_courses do |course|
    j.(course, :id, :name)
    j.students <course.students - whatever method here>, :name
  end
end.target!

关于ruby-on-rails - 渲染联接模型及其关联模型的JSON对象，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26796492/