我正在尝试创建一个将 C# 类对象序列化为 XML 的 POST 函数。

我遇到很大困难的部分是向子根元素的子元素添加 namespace 前缀，因此在这种情况下，仅contact 子元素。

我似乎能够将前缀添加到 contact 的子元素上的唯一方法是通过 SerializerNamespace 类添加它们，但是我只能将其添加到附加到根元素 CreateContact。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

当前生成的 XML:

<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>
<CreateContact xmlns:a="http://foo.co.uk/Contact" xmlns="http://foo.co.uk">
<a:contact>
<a:Email>stest@gmail.com</a:Email>
<a:FirstName>Simon</a:FirstName>
<a:LastName>Test</a:LastName>
<a:Phone>09088408501</a:Phone>
<a:Title>Mr</a:Title>
</a:contact>
</CreateContact>

序列化函数:

public static void CreateContact(Contact contact)
{
    string tmp = url;
    string xml = "";
    string result = "";

    XmlDocument xd = new XmlDocument();

    var cc = new CreateContact();
    cc.contact = contact;
    var xs = new XmlSerializer(cc.GetType());

    XmlSerializerNamespaces xsn = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
    xsn.Add("a", "http://foo.co.uk/Contact");

    using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
    {
    xs.Serialize(ms, cc, xsn);
    ms.Position = 0;
    xd.Load(ms);
    xml = xd.InnerXml;
    }

    using (WebClient web = new WebClient())
    {
    web.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password);
    web.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/xml");
    try
    {
        result = web.UploadString(tmp, "POST", xml);
    }
    catch (WebException ex)
    {
    }
    }
}

XML 类构造:

[Serializable()]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "CreateContact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk")]
public class CreateContact
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    public Contact contact { get; set; }
}

[DataContract(Name = "Contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
[XmlType("a")]
public class Contact
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Email", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    [DataMember(Name = "Email")]
    public string Email { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "FirstName", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    [DataMember(Name = "FirstName")]
    public string Firstname { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "LastName", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    [DataMember(Name = "LastName")]
    public string Lastname { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Phone", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    [DataMember(Name = "Phone")]
    public string Phone { get; set; }
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "Title", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
    [DataMember(Name = "Title")]
    public string Title { get; set; }
}

所需的 XML:

<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>
<CreateContact  xmlns="http://foo.co.uk">
<contact xmlns:a="http://foo.co.uk/Contact">
<a:Email>stest@gmail.com</a:Email>
<a:FirstName>Simon</a:FirstName>
<a:LastName>Test</a:LastName>
<a:Phone>09088408501</a:Phone>
<a:Title>Mr</a:Title>
</contact>
</CreateContact>

最佳答案

正如评论中提到的，造成差异的原因是 contact 应该在命名空间 http://foo.co.uk 中，而不是 http://foo.co.uk/Contact.

顺便说一句，一些进一步的评论:

• 您可能不需要DataMember 属性，除非您在其他地方使用DataContractSerializer。
• 大多数 Xml* 属性在这里都是多余的，可以通过从 XmlRoot 继承来删除或合并。
• 如果您只需要 XML 字符串，最好序列化为 StringWriter 之类的东西而不是流，然后加载到 DOM 中只是为了获取文本(参见 this question如果您需要 XML 声明指定 utf-8)

因此，您将获得如下 XML:

var xsn = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
xsn.Add("a", "http://foo.co.uk/Contact");

var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CreateContact));

using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
{
    xs.Serialize(stringWriter, cc, xsn);
    xml = stringWriter.ToString();
}

您的类定义为:

[XmlRoot(ElementName = "CreateContact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk")]
public class CreateContact
{
    [XmlElement(ElementName = "contact")]
    public Contact Contact { get; set; }
}

[XmlRoot("contact", Namespace = "http://foo.co.uk/Contact")]
public class Contact
{
    public string Email { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public string Phone { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
}

完整示例请参见 this fiddle。

关于c# - C# 对象的前缀和命名空间，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34227370/