需要一些说明和帮助。特别感谢描述一般概念或描述它们的链接。

因此，在 hibernate 网站上我阅读了下一篇:

For use inside an application server, you should almost always configure Hibernate to obtain connections from an application server javax.sql.Datasource registered in JNDI. You will need to set at least one of the following properties:

我有几个问题，因为目前我真的对 DataSource、DataDriver、Tomcat 和 Hibernate 的所有这些东西感到困惑。

1. 是否配置数据源并将 SessionFactory 绑定(bind)到 JNDI 是同一个过程吗？
2. 如果不是，我们使用 DataSource 的目的是什么以及为什么我们需要将 SessionFactory 绑定(bind)到 JNDI(一般情况下)？
3. 我的理解对吗？如果我们在 hibernate.cfg.xml 文件中配置 DataSource 就不需要在 {tomcat}/conf/server.xml 或 {tomcat}/conf/context.xml 中配置它？
4. 什么是hibernate.jndi.url？是否与 hibernate.connection.url 相同？
5. 什么是hibernate.connection.datasource？在文档中我读到它是“数据源 JNDI 名称”，所以如果我理解正确的话它可以是任何名称？
6. 我从 Hibernate 文档中读到设置至少一个属性 hibernate.connection.datasource, hibernate.jndi.url, hibernate.jndi.class, hibernate.connection.username, hibernate.connection.password 使我的应用程序使用在 JNDI 中注册的 javax.sql.Datasource。那么下一个conf是否已经配置为使用DataSource？
7. 如何检查 DataSource 是否正确使用和配置？

我的hibernate.cfg.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

    <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    <property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments">true</property>
    <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics">true</property>

    <!--http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2067526/hibernate-connection-pool-->

    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

    <!--For use inside an application server, you should almost always configure Hibernate to obtain connections from an application server javax.sql.Datasource registered in JNDI. You will need to set at least one of the following properties:-->
    <!--hibernate.connection.datasource,hibernate.jndi.url,hibernate.jndi.class,hibernate.connection.username,hibernate.connection.password-->
    <!--Datasource config-->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.datasource">jdbc:mysql://localhost/easywordweb</property>
    <!--<property name="hibernate.jndi.url">??????? what is it</property>-->
    <!--/Datasource config-->

    <!--*****************************************************************-->
    <!--C3P0 config-->
    <!--Hibernate will obtain and pool connections using java.sql.DriverManager if you set the 5 following properties -->
    <!--hibernate.connection.driver_class,hibernate.connection.url,hibernate.connection.username,hibernate.connection.password,hibernate.connection.pool_size-->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/easywordweb</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">username</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">password</property>
    <!--We can use a third party pool for best performance and stability, for example c3p0. Just replace the hibernate.connection.pool_size property with connection pool specific settings. This will turn off Hibernate's internal pool. For example, you might like to use c3p0. -->
    <!--<property name="hibernate.connection.pool_size">140</property>-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">140</property> 
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">5</property>
    <!--max to cache-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</property>
    <!--The seconds a Connection can remain pooled but unused before being discarded. Zero means idle connections never expire. Hibernate default: 0-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">21600</property>
    <!--for test, change futher-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.preferredTestQuery">SELECT 1;</property> 
    <!--at every connection checkin to verify that the connection is valid-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout">true</property>
    <!--at every connection checkout to verify that the connection is valid-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin">true</property>
    <!--/for test, change futher-->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>
    <!--/C3P0 config-->
    <!--*****************************************************************-->

    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.validate">true</property>    

    <!--c3p0 will test all idle, pooled but unchecked-out connections, every this number of seconds-->
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">21000</property>

    <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</property>
    <!--Number rows to be returned if no setted-->
    <property name="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">20</property>
    <property name="hibernate.jdbc.use_get_generated_keys">true</property>

    <property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>

    <!--FIXING: Table "...".hibernate_sequence table not found.-->
    <property name="hibernate.id.new_generator_mappings">false</property>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

提前谢谢大家。

最佳答案

在您发布的配置中，您正在初始化应用程序中的连接池。

另一种方法是将数据库池的创建委托(delegate)给您的应用程序/网络服务器，并将其作为 JNDI 资源公开。然后，您的应用程序只需指定 JNDI 数据源的名称即可获得连接。

此处记录了在 Tomcat 中执行此操作:

https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html

您的 hibernate.cfg.xml 看起来像:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics">true</property>

        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <!-- The Server configured JNDI datasource -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.datasource">java:comp/env/jdbc/MyLocalDB</property>

        <property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</property>
        <!--Number rows to be returned if no setted-->
        <property name="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">20</property>
        <property name="hibernate.jdbc.use_get_generated_keys">true</property>

        <property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>

        <!--FIXING: Table "...".hibernate_sequence table not found.-->
        <property name="hibernate.id.new_generator_mappings">false</property>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

关于java - 在 Hibernate 5、Tomcat 8 中配置数据源，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39274576/