您好，我想知道如何使用 Docker 将 POSTGIS 连接到 django。我有一个错误could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql/10/extension/postgis.control": No such file or directory

输出

root@localhost:~/try-geodjango# docker-compose run web python manage.py migrate
Starting try-geodjango_db_1 ... done
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py:144: UserWarning: The psycopg2 wheel package will be renamed from release 2.8; in order to keep installing from binary please use "pip install psycopg2-binary" instead. For details see: <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html#binary-install-from-pypi>.
  """)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 62, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql)
psycopg2.OperationalError: could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql/10/extension/postgis.control": No such file or directory


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 367, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 359, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 294, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 345, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 81, in handle
    connection.prepare_database()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py", line 25, in prepare_database
    cursor.execute("CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis")
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in execute
    return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 62, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql/10/extension/postgis.control": No such file or directory

settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis',
        'NAME': 'postgres',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'HOST': 'db',
        'PORT': '5432',
        'CONN_MAX_AGE': 300
        }
}

docker-compose.yml

version: '3'

services:
  web:
    build: .
    command: python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    depends_on:
      - db
  db:
    image: mdillon/postgis:9.4
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_HOST=db
      - POSTGRES_PORT=5432
      - POSTGRES_NAME=postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=postgres
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password

Dockerfile

FROM evili/geodjango
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
RUN mkdir /code
WORKDIR /code
ADD requirements.txt /code/
RUN pip install -U pip
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
ADD . /code/

最佳答案

注意:postgis 现在有官方图片了https://hub.docker.com/r/postgis/postgis .改用那个。同样在下面的示例中，我使用的是 alpine，由于轮子问题，不推荐作为 python 基础(阅读更多 https://pythonspeed.com/articles/alpine-docker-python/)

这里的问题是您没有使用正确的 postgis 图像

version: '3'

services:
  web:
    build: .
    command: python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    depends_on:
      - db
  db:
    image: mdillon/postgis:10 # <- here
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_HOST=db  # default postgres
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password  # default postgres
      # all env vars bellow are redundant because they are same as default values
      # - POSTGRES_PORT=5432
      # - POSTGRES_NAME=postgres
      # - POSTGRES_USER=postgres

这是我使用 postgis 的基于 alpine 的配置

注意:我所有的 django 代码都存储在 ./backend 文件夹中，我也使用 Pipenv 这个项目正在使用 https://github.com/joke2k/django-environ在我的设置中通过 DATABASE_URL 设置 DATABASES

DATABASES = {
    'default': env.db(default='postgis://postgres:postgres@postgres:5432/postgres')
}

docker-compose.yml

version: "3.7"


services:

    postgres:
        image: mdillon/postgis:10-alpine
        volumes:
            - ./docker/postgres/:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
            - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

    backend:
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: docker/backend/Dockerfile
        ports:
            - "8000:8000"
        depends_on:
            - postgres
        volumes:
            - ./backend:/project/backend


volumes:
    postgres_data:

docker/backend/Dockerfile

FROM python:3.6-alpine3.8

# postgresql-client is required by psql
# postgresql-dev musl-dev gcc are required by psycopg
# NOTE: there is py3-psycopg2
# libxml2-dev libxslt-dev are required by lxml
# gdal-dev geos-dev proj4-dev are required by geodjango
# libcrypto1.1 is required by gdal
# NOTE: we actually need gdal-dev not gdal
# linux-headers is required by uwsgi
# gettext-dev is required by ./manage.py makemessages

# TODO: optimize installation by using --virtual
RUN apk update && apk upgrade \
    && apk add postgresql-client \
        postgresql-dev \
        musl-dev \
        gcc \
        libxml2-dev \
        libxslt-dev \
        linux-headers \
        gettext-dev \
    && apk add --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
        libcrypto1.1 \
    && apk add --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing \
        gdal-dev \
        geos-dev \
        proj4-dev \
    && pip install pipenv

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
    PYTHONIOENCODING=UTF-8

COPY docker/backend/docker-entrypoint.sh /
ENTRYPOINT ["/docker-entrypoint.sh"]

WORKDIR /project/backend

COPY backend/Pipfile backend/Pipfile.lock /project/backend/

RUN pipenv install --system --ignore-pipfile --dev

docker/backend/docker-entrypoint.sh

#!/bin/sh
# NOTE: if there is no bash can cause
# standard_init_linux.go:190: exec user process caused "no such file or directory"

# https://docs.docker.com/compose/startup-order/
set -euo pipefail

WAIT_FOR_POSTGRES=${WAIT_FOR_POSTGRES:-true}

if [[ "$WAIT_FOR_POSTGRES" = true ]]; then
    DATABASE_URL=${DATABASE_URL:-postgres://postgres:postgres@postgres:5432/postgres}

    # convert to connection string
    # https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING
    POSTGRES_URL=${DATABASE_URL%%\?*}
    # https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Shell-Parameter-Expansion
    POSTGRES_URL=${POSTGRES_URL/#postgis:/postgres:}

    # let postgres and other services (e.g. elasticsearch) to warm up...
    # https://www.caktusgroup.com/blog/2017/03/14/production-ready-dockerfile-your-python-django-app/
    until psql $POSTGRES_URL -c '\q'; do
        >&2 echo "Postgres is not available - sleeping"
        sleep 1
    done
    # >&2 echo "Postgres is up - executing command"
fi

if [[ $# -ge 1 ]]; then
    exec "$@"
else
    echo "Applying migrations"
    python manage.py migrate --noinput -v 0
    echo "Generate translations"
    python manage.py compilemessages --locale ru -v 0
    echo "Starting server"
    exec python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
fi

关于django - 如何在docker中将postgis连接到django，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52341523/