我的设置: - 带有手机和平板版本的安卓应用 - 我正在使用 Android Espresso 进行 UI 测试(现在仅适用于手机版本，手机在 buildagent)

我想做什么: - 现在我希望 Espresso 能够区分手机和平板电脑的测试 - 所以测试 A 只能由平板电脑执行，测试 B 只能由手机执行，测试 C 都应该执行 - 测试应该可以通过 gradle task 执行

最佳答案

三个选项，都可以通过gradlew connectedAndroidTest或者自定义的gradle任务来执行:

1。使用 org.junit.Assume

来自 Assumptions with assume - junit-team/junit Wiki - Github :

The default JUnit runner treats tests with failing assumptions as ignored. Custom runners may behave differently.

不幸的是，android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4 (com.android.support.test:runner:0.2) 运行程序将失败的假设视为失败的测试。

一旦此行为得到修复，以下将起作用(请参阅下面的选项 3 了解 isScreenSw600dp() 源代码):

仅限手机:类中的所有测试方法

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        assumeTrue(!isScreenSw600dp());
        // other setup
    }

具体测试方法

    @Test
    public void testA() {
        assumeTrue(!isScreenSw600dp());
        // test for phone only
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testB() {
        assumeTrue(isScreenSw600dp());
        // test for tablet only
    }

2。使用自定义 JUnit 规则

来自 A JUnit Rule to Conditionally Ignore Tests :

This led us to creating a ConditionalIgnore annotation and a corresponding rule to hook it into the JUnit runtime. The thing is simple and best explained with an example:

public class SomeTest {
  @Rule
  public ConditionalIgnoreRule rule = new ConditionalIgnoreRule();

  @Test
  @ConditionalIgnore( condition = NotRunningOnWindows.class )
  public void testFocus() {
    // ...
  }
}

public class NotRunningOnWindows implements IgnoreCondition {
  public boolean isSatisfied() {
    return !System.getProperty( "os.name" ).startsWith( "Windows" );
  }
}

ConditionalIgnoreRule 代码:JUnit rule to conditionally ignore test cases .

这种方法可以很容易地修改以实现下面选项 3 中的 isScreenSw600dp() 方法。

3。在测试方法中使用条件

这是最不优雅的选项，特别是因为完全跳过的测试将被报告为通过，但它很容易实现。这是一个完整的示例测试类，可帮助您入门:

import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class DeleteMeTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {
    private MainActivity mActivity;
    private boolean mIsScreenSw600dp;

    public DeleteMeTest() {
        super(MainActivity.class);
    }

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        injectInstrumentation(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());
        setActivityInitialTouchMode(false);
        mActivity = this.getActivity();
        mIsScreenSw600dp = isScreenSw600dp();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mActivity.finish();
    }

    @Test
    public void testPreconditions() {
        onView(withId(R.id.your_view_here))
                .check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }

    @Test
    public void testA() {
        if (!mIsScreenSw600dp) {
            // test for phone only
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testB() {
        if (mIsScreenSw600dp) {
            // test for tablet only
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testC() {
        if (mIsScreenSw600dp) {
            // test for tablet only
        } else {
            // test for phone only
        }
        
        // test for both phone and tablet
    }

    private boolean isScreenSw600dp() {
        DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
        mActivity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);
        float widthDp = displayMetrics.widthPixels / displayMetrics.density;
        float heightDp = displayMetrics.heightPixels / displayMetrics.density;
        float screenSw = Math.min(widthDp, heightDp);
        return screenSw >= 600;
    }
}

关于适用于手机和平板电脑的 Android Espresso 测试，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26231752/