问题:微框架如何为结构数组分配内存？

BitBucket repository带有要复制的代码。

背景和细节

我正在使用固定大小的数组创建一个队列，以在处理来自 USB 键盘的击键时插入延迟。我正在使用 struct来表示按键上下事件和延迟。

public struct QueuedEvent
{
    public readonly EventType Type;        // Byte
    public readonly byte KeyPressed;
    public readonly TinyTimeSpan Delay;    // Int16

    public readonly static QueuedEvent Empty = new QueuedEvent();
}

public enum EventType : byte
{
    None = 0,
    Delay = 1,
    KeyDown = 2,
    KeyUp = 3,
    KeyPress = 4,
}

public class FixedSizeQueue
{
    private readonly QueuedEvent[] _Array;
    private int _Head = 0;
    private int _Tail = 0;

    public FixedSizeQueue(int size)
    {
        _Array = new QueuedEvent[size];
    }

    // Enqueue and Dequeue methods follow.
}

+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------+-------+
| Number | VALUETYPE | B/Q'dEvnt | SZARRAY | B/Q'edEvnt | Total |
| 16     | 1152      | 72        | 192     | 12         | 84    |
| 32     | 2304      | 72        | 384     | 12         | 84    |
| 64     | 4608      | 72        | 768     | 12         | 84    |
| 128    | 9216      | 72        | 1536    | 12         | 84    |
+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+------------+-------+

public struct TinyTimeSpan
{
    public static readonly TinyTimeSpan Zero = new TinyTimeSpan(0);
    private short _Milliseconds;

    public TinyTimeSpan(short milliseconds)
    {
        _Milliseconds = milliseconds;
    }
    public TinyTimeSpan(TimeSpan ts)
    {
        _Milliseconds = (short)(ts.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond);
    }

    public int Milliseconds { get { return _Milliseconds; } }
    public int Seconds { get { return _Milliseconds * 1000; } }
}

// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 24 in VALUETYPE, total = 36 each
public struct JustAnInt32
{
    public readonly Int32 Value;
}


// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 48 in VALUETYPE, total = 60 each
// Same as original QueuedEvent but only uses integral types.
public struct QueuedEventSimple
{
    public readonly byte Type;
    public readonly byte KeyPressed;
    public readonly short DelayMilliseconds;
    // Replacing the short with TimeSpan does not change memory usage.
}

// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 12 in VALUETYPE, total = 24 each
// I have to admit 24 bytes is a bit much for an empty struct!!
public struct Empty
{ 
}

// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 36 in VALUETYPE, total = 48 each
public struct DifferentEntity
{
    public readonly Double D;
    public readonly TimeSpan T;
}

// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 108 in VALUETYPE, total = 120 each
public struct MultipleEntities
{
    public readonly DifferentEntity E1;
    public readonly DifferentEntity E2;
}

// Uses 12 bytes in SZARRAY and 60 in VALUETYPE, total = 72 each
// This is equivalent to MultipleEntities, but has quite different memory usage.
public struct TwoDoublesAndTimeSpans
{
    public readonly double D1;
    public readonly TimeSpan T1;
    public readonly double D2;
    public readonly TimeSpan T2;
}

最佳答案

根据我的测试，我猜 ValueTypes Micro Framework 中的值类型不是我们在桌面 CLR 上习惯的真正值类型。至少，他们正在被装箱。并且可能还涉及另一个级别的间接性。这些成本产生于(对于嵌入式平台来说相当可观)内存开销。

我将转换为 int[]在我的 FixedSizedQueue .

实际上，我最终使用了 UInt32[]并添加了一些扩展方法来解决bit bashing。

我在 source code 中戳了一下，但找不到任何有用的东西(我也不知道该找什么)。

关于c# - 为什么我的结构数组占用了这么多内存？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12445185/