ruby-on-rails - ArgumentError : Unknown key: :conditions. 有效键是 : :class_name, :class, :foreign_key

coder 2025-07-06 原文

在尝试 rake:db migrate 之后，我在终端中得到了这个错误

rake aborted!
ArgumentError: Unknown key: :conditions. Valid keys are: :class_name, :class, :foreign_key, :validate, :autosave, :table_name, :before_add, :after_add, :before_remove, :after_remove, :extend, :primary_key, :dependent, :as, :through, :source, :source_type, :inverse_of, :counter_cache, :join_table, :foreign_type
/app/models/user.rb:8:in `<class:User>'
/app/models/user.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/config/routes.rb:24:in `block in <top (required)>'
/config/routes.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

当我运行 rails s 时，这是我在终端中遇到的错误

Exiting
/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/keys.rb:75:in `block in assert_valid_keys': Unknown key: :conditions. Valid keys are: :class_name, :class, :foreign_key, :validate, :autosave, :table_name, :before_add, :after_add, :before_remove, :after_remove, :extend, :primary_key, :dependent, :as, :through, :source, :source_type, :inverse_of, :counter_cache, :join_table, :foreign_type (ArgumentError)
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/keys.rb:73:in `each_key'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/keys.rb:73:in `assert_valid_keys'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:82:in `validate_options'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:62:in `initialize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/collection_association.rb:18:in `initialize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:47:in `new'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:47:in `create_builder'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:35:in `build'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.0/lib/active_record/associations.rb:1258:in `has_many'
    from /app/models/user.rb:6:in `<class:User>'
    from /app/models/user.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:457:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:457:in `block in load_file'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:647:in `new_constants_in'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:456:in `load_file'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:354:in `require_or_load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:261:in `const_get'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:261:in `block in constantize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:259:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:259:in `inject'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:259:in `constantize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:566:in `get'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:597:in `constantize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise.rb:302:in `get'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/mapping.rb:80:in `to'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/mapping.rb:75:in `modules'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/mapping.rb:92:in `routes'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/mapping.rb:159:in `default_used_route'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/mapping.rb:69:in `initialize'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise.rb:336:in `new'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise.rb:336:in `add_mapping'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:224:in `block in devise_for'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:223:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/devise-3.4.1/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:223:in `devise_for'
    from /config/routes.rb:24:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:423:in `instance_exec'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:423:in `eval_block'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/actionpack-4.2.0/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:401:in `draw'
    from /config/routes.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `block in load_paths'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `load_paths'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:16:in `reload!'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:26:in `block in updater'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `execute'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:27:in `updater'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:7:in `execute_if_updated'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:69:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:226:in `block in tsort_each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:348:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:429:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:347:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:345:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:345:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:224:in `tsort_each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/tsort.rb:203:in `tsort_each'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
    from /config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
    from /config.ru:in `new'
    from /config.ru:in `<main>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/server.rb:299:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/server.rb:208:in `app'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:61:in `app'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/rack-1.6.1/lib/rack/server.rb:336:in `wrapped_app'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:139:in `log_to_stdout'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:78:in `start'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
    from /bin/rails:8:in `require'
    from /bin/rails:8:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/client.rb:26:in `run'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/bin/spring:48:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.2.0/gems/spring-1.3.6/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.2.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from /bin/spring:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from bin/rails:3:in `load'
    from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

我有以下事件记录模型:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
    has_many :user_friendships
    has_many :friends, through: :user_friendships,
                       conditions: { user_friendships: { state: 'accepted' } }

    has_many :pending_user_friendships, class_name: 'UserFriendship',
                                        foreign_key: :user_id,
                                        conditions: { state: 'pending' }

    has_many :pending_friends, through: :pending_user_friendships, source: :friend

end

用户友谊模型

class UserFriendship < ActiveRecord::Base
    belongs_to :user
    belongs_to :friend, class_name: 'User', foreign_key: 'friend_id'


    include AASM

    aasm column: 'state', initial: :pending, whiny_transitions: true do
      state :requested # im not seeing any event which set this state
      state :accepted

      #if you want an to trigger request event from any state simply add this
      event :request,   after: Proc.new { send_request_email }       do transitions to: :requested end


      #if you want to trigger accepted state from any state do this
      event :accept,   after: Proc.new { send_acceptance_email }       do transitions to: :accepted end

      #if you want to trigger accepted state from only requeste state
      event :accept,   after: Proc.new { send_acceptance_email }      do transitions from: :requested,   to: :accepted  end

    end

    def self.request(user1, user2)
      transaction do
        friendship1 = create!(user: user1, friend: user2, state: 'pending')
        friendship2 = create!(user: user1, friend: user2, state: 'requested')

        friendship1.send_request_email
        friendship1

      end
    end


    def send_request_email
        UserNotifier.friend_requested(id).deliver
    end

    def send_acceptance_email
        UserNotifier.friend_accepted(id).deliver 
    end



end

AddStateToUserFriendships 迁移文件

class AddStateToUserFriendships < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
      add_column :user_friendships, :state, :string, :whiny_transitions => false do
      add_index :user_friendships, :state
  end
end

CreateUserFriendships 迁移文件

class CreateUserFriendships < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :user_friendships do |t|
        t.integer :user_id
        t.integer :friend_id
        t.timestamps null: false
    end

      add_index :user_friendships, [:user_id, :friend_id]
  end
end

UserFriendshipsController.rb

class UserFriendshipsController < ApplicationController
   before_action :authenticate_user!


    def new
        if params[:friend_id] 
            @friend = User.where(name: params[:friend_id]).first
            raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound if @friend.nil?
            @user_friendship = current_user.user_friendships.new(friend: @friend)
        else
            flash[:error] = "Friend required"
        end

    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
        render file: 'public/404', status: :not_found
    end

    private

    def user_friendships_params
        params.require(:user_friendships).permit(:user, :friend, :user_id, :friend_id, :state)
    end

    def create
        if params[:user_friendship] && params[:user_friendship].has_key?(:friend_id)
            @friend = User.where(name: params[:user_friendship][:friend_id]).first
            @user_friendship = current_user.user_friendships.new(friend: @friend) 
            @user_friendship.save
            redirect_to root_path
            flash[:notice] = "Friend Added"
        else
            flash[:error] = "Friend Required"
            redirect_to root_path
        end
    end

end

最佳答案

您应该将 User 模型中的代码更改为

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :user_friendships
  has_many :friends, -> { where(user_friendships: { state: "accepted"}) }, through: :user_friendships
  has_many :pending_user_friendships, -> { where(state: "pending") }, class_name: 'UserFriendship', foreign_key: :user_id                                  
  has_many :pending_friends, through: :pending_user_friendships, source: :friend
end

关于ruby-on-rails - ArgumentError : Unknown key: :conditions. 有效键是 : :class_name, :class, :foreign_key，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31488202/

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ruby-on-rails - rails : keeping DRY with ActiveRecord models that share similar complex attributes - 2
这似乎应该有一个直截了当的答案，但在Google上花了很多时间，所以我找不到它。这可能是缺少正确关键字的情况。在我的RoR应用程序中，我有几个模型共享一种特定类型的字符串属性，该属性具有特殊验证和其他功能。我能想到的最接近的类似示例是表示URL的字符串。这会导致模型中出现大量重复(甚至单元测试中会出现更多重复)，但我不确定如何让它更DRY。我能想到几个可能的方向...按照“validates_url_format_of”插件，但这只会让验证干给这个特殊的字符串它自己的模型，但这看起来很像重溶液为这个特殊的字符串创建一个ruby类，但是我如何得到ActiveRecord关联这个类模型
ruby - 在 Ruby 中使用匿名模块 - 2
假设我做了一个模块如下:m=Module.newdoclassCendend三个问题:除了对m的引用之外，还有什么方法可以访问C和m中的其他内容？我可以在创建匿名模块后为其命名吗(就像我输入“module...”一样)？如何在使用完匿名模块后将其删除，使其定义的常量不再存在？最佳答案三个答案:是的，使用ObjectSpace.此代码使c引用你的类(class)C不引用m:c=nilObjectSpace.each_object{|obj|c=objif(Class===objandobj.name=~/::C$/)}当然这取决于
ruby - 其他文件中的 Rake 任务 - 2
我试图在一个项目中使用rake，如果我把所有东西都放到Rakefile中，它会很大并且很难读取/找到东西，所以我试着将每个命名空间放在lib/rake中它自己的文件中，我添加了这个到我的rake文件的顶部:Dir['#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/lib/rake/*.rake'].map{|f|requiref}它加载文件没问题，但没有任务。我现在只有一个.rake文件作为测试，名为“servers.rake”，它看起来像这样:namespace:serverdotask:testdoputs"test"endend所以当我运行rakeserver:testid时
ruby - 如何在 Ruby 中顺序创建 PI - 2
出于纯粹的兴趣，我很好奇如何按顺序创建PI，而不是在过程结果之后生成数字，而是让数字在过程本身生成时显示。如果是这种情况，那么数字可以自行产生，我可以对以前看到的数字实现垃圾收集，从而创建一个无限系列。结果只是在Pi系列之后每秒生成一个数字。这是我通过互联网筛选的结果:这是流行的计算机友好算法，类机器算法:defarccot(x,unity)xpow=unity/xn=1sign=1sum=0loopdoterm=xpow/nbreakifterm==0sum+=sign*(xpow/n)xpow/=x*xn+=2sign=-signendsumenddefcalc_pi(digits

ruby-on-rails - ArgumentError : Unknown key: :conditions. 有效键是 : :class_name, :class, :foreign_key

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