我必须转换这个 C++ 代码

class A {

public: 
   int x_A;

    void setX_A (int newx) {
        x_A = newx;
    }

    void printX_A() {
       printf("x_A is %d", x_A);
    }
};

class B : public A {
public:
    int x_B;

    void setX_B (int newx) {
       x_B = newx;
    }

    void printX_B() {
       printf("x_B is %d", x_B);
    }

};

main() {
    A objA;
    B objB;
    objA.setX_A(2);
    objA.printX_A();
    objB.printX_A();
    objB.setX_B(5);
    objB.printX_B();
}

import Control.Monad.State
import Control.Monad.Identity

-- Fields For A
data FieldsA = FieldsA {x_A::Int} deriving (Show)

    -- A Class Constructor
constA :: Int -> FieldsA
constA = FieldsA

class A a where
    getX_A :: StateT a IO Int
    setX_A :: Int -> StateT a IO ()
    printX_A :: StateT a IO ()

instance A FieldsA where
    getX_A = get >>= return . x_A
    setX_A newx = do
        fa <- get
        put (fa { x_A = newx })
    printX_A = do
        fa <- get
        liftIO $ print fa
        return ()


data FieldsB = FieldsB{ fa::FieldsA, x_B::Int } deriving (Show)

constB :: Int -> Int -> FieldsB
constB int1 int2 = FieldsB {fa = constA int1, x_B = int2}

class A b => B b where
    getX_B :: StateT b IO Int
    setX_B :: Int -> StateT b IO ()
    printX_B :: StateT b IO ()

-- A Functions for Class B
instance A FieldsB where
    getX_A = do
      (FieldsB (FieldsA x_A) x_B) <- get
      return (x_A)
    setX_A newx = do
        (FieldsB (FieldsA x_A) x_B) <- get
        put (constB newx x_B)
    printX_A = do
        fb <- get
        liftIO $ print fb
        return ()
-- B specific Functions
instance B FieldsB where
    getX_B = get >>= return . x_B
    setX_B newx = do
        fb <- get
        put (fb { x_B = newx })
    printX_B = do
        fb <- get
        liftIO $ print fb
        return ()

test :: StateT FieldsA (StateT FieldsB IO ) ()
test = do
      x <- get
      setX_A 4
      printX_A

      --lift $ setX_A 99
      --lift $ setX_B 99
      --lift $ printX_A
      --lift $ printX_B

      --printX_A
      return ()

go = evalStateT (evalStateT test (constA 1)) (constB 2 3)
--go = runIdentity $ evalStateT (evalStateT test (constA 1)) (constA 1)

*** Type           : StateT FieldsA IO ()
*** Does not match : StateT FieldsA (StateT FieldsB IO) ()

最佳答案

我认为你的问题是你没有一个很好的方法来指定你正在操作的对象。为了解决这个问题，我建议使用单独的程序状态，包含两个对象:

data MainState = MainState { objA :: FieldsA, objB :: FieldsB }

type Main t = StateT MainState IO t

withObjA :: StateT FieldsA IO t -> Main t
withObjB :: StateT FieldsB IO t -> Main t

test :: Main ()
test = do
    withObjA $ do
        setX_A 2
        printX_A
    withObjB $ do
        printX_A
        setX_B 5
        printX_B

withPart :: Monad m => (whole -> part) -> (part -> whole -> whole) -> StateT part m t -> StateT whole m t
withPart getPart setPart action = do
    whole <- get
    (t, newPart) <- lift $ runStateT action (getPart whole)
    put (setPart newPart whole)
    return t

withObjA :: StateT FieldsA IO t -> Main t
withObjA = withPart objA (\objA mainState -> mainState { objA = objA })

withObjB :: StateT FieldsB IO t -> Main t
withObjB = withPart objB (\objB mainState -> mainState { objB = objB })

关于c++ - 从 C++ 到 Haskell 类和状态，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6225483/