我突然想通了这个声明:

    <uses-library
        android:name="com.android.nfc_extras"
        android:required="false"/>

内部 <application>我的范围AndroidManifest.xml使仪器测试失败:

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No static method allOf(Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher;Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher;)Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher; in class Lorg/hamcrest/core/AllOf; or its super classes (declaration of 'org.hamcrest.core.AllOf' appears in /system/framework/com.android.nfc_extras.jar)
at org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf(Matchers.java:33)
at android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.<clinit>(Espresso.java:187)
at android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView(Espresso.java:75)
at com.example.abusik.espressotest.InstrumentedTest.changeText_sameActivity(InstrumentedTest.kt:34)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)

我现在想出的:

• 创建了 demo repository以便您能够快速重现问题；
• 只有 API >= 26 的真实设备受到影响(例如三星 SM-G935F、华为 P20 lite)；
• 使用我尝试过的任何 API 在模拟器上通过测试；
• 使用 API < 26="">
• 看起来缺少的类(以及他的所有静态方法)都包含在 AndroidTest apk 中，但在运行时 Android 会尝试从 com.android.nfc_extras.jar 获取这个类？？？；
• 此行为可能取决于您手机的 NFC 功能；
• 对我来说，这看起来不像是 MultiDex 或混淆问题 - 演示存储库没有经过混淆和单 dex。

我想知道是否有人遇到过这个问题，为什么会这样，我怎样才能让我的 AndroidTests 工作并仍然使用这个库？

我的InstrumentedTest.kt文件:

package com.example.abusik.espressotest

import android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView
import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.*
import android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches
import android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId
import android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText
import android.support.test.filters.LargeTest
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4
import org.junit.Before
import org.junit.Rule
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
@LargeTest
class InstrumentedTest {

    private lateinit var stringToBetyped: String

    @get:Rule
    var activityRule: ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> = ActivityTestRule(MainActivity::class.java)

    @Before
    fun initValidString() {
        // Specify a valid string.
        stringToBetyped = "Espresso"
    }

    @Test
    fun changeText_sameActivity() {
        // Type text and then press the button.
        onView(withId(R.id.et)) //EXCEPTION THROWN HERE
            .perform(typeText(stringToBetyped), closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.btn)).perform(click())

        // Check that the text was changed.
        onView(withId(R.id.et))
            .check(matches(withText(stringToBetyped)))
    }
}

测试日志:

Testing started at 0:09 ...

12/17 00:09:32: Launching InstrumentedTest
$ adb push /Users/a.busik/EspressoTest/app/build/outputs/apk/debug/app-debug.apk /data/local/tmp/com.example.abusik.espressotest
$ adb shell pm install -t -r "/data/local/tmp/com.example.abusik.espressotest"
Success
APK installed in 3 s 235 ms
$ adb push /Users/a.busik/EspressoTest/app/build/outputs/apk/androidTest/debug/app-debug-androidTest.apk /data/local/tmp/com.example.abusik.espressotest.test
$ adb shell pm install -t -r "/data/local/tmp/com.example.abusik.espressotest.test"
Success
APK installed in 2 s 684 ms
Running tests

$ adb shell am instrument -w -r   -e debug false -e class 'com.example.abusik.espressotest.InstrumentedTest' com.example.abusik.espressotest.test/android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
Client not ready yet..
Started running tests

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No static method allOf(Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher;Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher;)Lorg/hamcrest/Matcher; in class Lorg/hamcrest/core/AllOf; or its super classes (declaration of 'org.hamcrest.core.AllOf' appears in /system/framework/com.android.nfc_extras.jar)
at org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf(Matchers.java:33)
at android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.<clinit>(Espresso.java:187)
at android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView(Espresso.java:75)
at com.example.abusik.espressotest.InstrumentedTest.changeText_sameActivity(InstrumentedTest.kt:34)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.junit4.statement.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:80)
at android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule$ActivityStatement.evaluate(ActivityTestRule.java:527)
at org.junit.rules.RunRules.evaluate(RunRules.java:20)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.-wrap0(Unknown Source:0)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.run(AndroidJUnit4.java:101)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:126)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.-wrap0(Unknown Source:0)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:56)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:384)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:2106)

Tests ran to completion.

我找到了一个 nfc_extras.jar，它似乎不包含任何对 org.hamcrest 的引用。*

最佳答案

无法在运行 Android 8.0.0 的物理 MotoX4 上重现。

a) com.android.nfc_extras.jar 可能有另一个版本的 org.hamcrest.Matcher 而不是测试应用程序 - 理论上可以在加载时排除它从 libs 目录。模拟器不关心的可能来自，既没有 BT 也没有 NFC 可用。

main/Manifest.xml 也缺少 NFC 权限；添加它会删除投诉:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NFC" />

b) 甚至可以使用 androidTest/Manifest.xml 完全摆脱 nfc_extras.jar:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    package="com.example.abusik.espressotest">
    <application>
        <uses-library
            android:name="com.android.nfc_extras"
            android:required="false"
            tools:node="remove"/>
    </application>
</manifest>

关于android - 在真实设备上进行测试时，uses-library com.android.nfc_extras 会破坏 API 26 及更高版本的 AndroidTest，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53806672/