对不起，它很长，但我只是在分析这个时解释我的思路。问题在最后。

我了解测量代码运行时间的内容。它运行多次以获得平均运行时间，以解释每次运行的差异，并获得更好地利用缓存的时间。

为了测量某人的运行时间，我想出了 this多次修改后的代码。

最后我得到了这段代码，它产生了我打算捕获的结果，而不会给出误导性的数字:

// implementation C
static void Test<T>(string testName, Func<T> test, int iterations = 1000000)
{
    Console.WriteLine(testName);
    Console.WriteLine("Iterations: {0}", iterations);
    var results = Enumerable.Repeat(0, iterations).Select(i => new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch()).ToList();
    var timer = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
    for (int i = 0; i < results.Count; i++)
    {
        results[i].Start();
        test();
        results[i].Stop();
    }
    timer.Stop();
    Console.WriteLine("Time(ms): {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8} ({3,10})", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), timer.ElapsedMilliseconds);
    Console.WriteLine("Ticks:    {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8} ({3,10})", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedTicks), timer.ElapsedTicks);
    Console.WriteLine();
}

// approach 1 pseudocode
start timer;
loop N times:
    run testing code (directly or via function);
stop timer;
report results;

This was good in my mind since with the numbers, I have the total running time and can easily work out the average running time and would have good cache locality.

But one set of values that I thought were important to have were minimum and maximum iteration running time. This could not be calculated using the above form. So when I wrote my testing code, I wrote them in this form:

// approach 2 pseudocode
loop N times:
    start timer;
    run testing code (directly or via function);
    stop timer;
    store results;
report results;

This is good because I could then find the minimum, maximum as well as average times, the numbers I was interested in. Until now I realized that this could potentially skew results since the cache could potentially be affected since the loop wasn't very tight giving me less than optimal results.

The way I wrote the test code (using LINQ) added additional overheads which I knew about but ignored since I was just measuring the running code, not the overheads. Here was my first version:

// implementation A
static void Test<T>(string testName, Func<T> test, int iterations = 1000000)
{
    Console.WriteLine(testName);
    var results = Enumerable.Repeat(0, iterations).Select(i =>
    {
        var timer = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
        test();
        timer.Stop();
        return timer;
    }).ToList();
    Console.WriteLine("Time(ms): {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8}", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds));
    Console.WriteLine("Ticks:    {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8}", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedTicks));
    Console.WriteLine();
}

// implementation B
static void Test<T>(string testName, Func<T> test, int iterations = 1000000)
{
    Console.WriteLine(testName);
    Console.WriteLine("Iterations: {0}", iterations);
    var results = Enumerable.Repeat(0, iterations).Select(i => new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch()).ToList();
    results.ForEach(t =>
    {
        t.Start();
        test();
        t.Stop();
    });
    Console.WriteLine("Time(ms): {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8} ({3,10})", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds), results.Sum(t => t.ElapsedMilliseconds));
    Console.WriteLine("Ticks:    {0,3}/{1,10}/{2,8} ({3,10})", results.Min(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Average(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Max(t => t.ElapsedTicks), results.Sum(t => t.ElapsedTicks));
    Console.WriteLine();
}

// final implementation
static void Test<T>(string testName, Func<T> test, int iterations = 1000000)
{
    // print header
    var results = Enumerable.Repeat(0, iterations).Select(i => new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch()).ToList();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) // warm up the cache
    {
        test();
    }
    var timer = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew(); // time whole process
    for (int i = 0; i < results.Count; i++)
    {
        results[i].Start(); // time individual process
        test();
        results[i].Stop();
    }
    timer.Stop();
    // report results
}

最佳答案

我的第一个想法是一个简单的循环

for (int i = 0; i < x; i++)
{
    timer.Start();
    test();
    timer.Stop();
}

timer.Start();
for (int i = 0; i < x; i++)
    test();
timer.Stop();

// A lightweight class to help you compute the minimum, maximum, average
// and standard deviation of a set of values. Call Clear(), then Add(each
// value); you can compute the average and standard deviation at any time by 
// calling Avg() and StdDeviation().
class Statistic
{
    public double Min;
    public double Max;
    public double Count;
    public double SumTotal;
    public double SumOfSquares;

    public void Clear()
    {
        SumOfSquares = Min = Max = Count = SumTotal = 0;
    }
    public void Add(double nextValue)
    {
        Debug.Assert(!double.IsNaN(nextValue));
        if (Count > 0)
        {
            if (Min > nextValue)
                Min = nextValue;
            if (Max < nextValue)
                Max = nextValue;
            SumTotal += nextValue;
            SumOfSquares += nextValue * nextValue;
            Count++;
        }
        else
        {
            Min = Max = SumTotal = nextValue;
            SumOfSquares = nextValue * nextValue;
            Count = 1;
        }
    }
    public double Avg()
    {
        return SumTotal / Count;
    }
    public double Variance()
    {
        return (SumOfSquares * Count - SumTotal * SumTotal) / (Count * (Count - 1));
    }
    public double StdDeviation()
    {
        return Math.Sqrt(Variance());
    }
    public Statistic Clone()
    {
        return (Statistic)MemberwiseClone();
    }
};

关于c# - 我测量运行时间的方法有缺陷吗？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4001610/