我有一个客户端服务器应用程序，我需要在其中使用 TCP 连接将用户定义的对象从客户端传输到服务器。我的对象具有以下结构:

class Conversation
{
    private string convName, convOwner;
    public ArrayList convUsers;

    public string getConvName()
    {
       return this.convName;
    }
    public string getConvOwner()
    {
       return this.convOwner;
    }
}

请帮助我如何从客户端传输此对象并在服务器端再次将其反序列化为适当的对象。

最佳答案

正如回答的那样，您应该使您的对象可序列化。使用 Serializable 属性完成此操作后，您可以使用著名的 BinaryFormatter 将对象转换为 byte 数组。

您可以在那里找到许多使用 BinaryFormatter 的示例，只需使用您最喜欢的搜索引擎即可。这是一个简短的例子:

using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

public class SerializationUtils
{
    public static byte[] SerializeToByteArray(object request)
    {
        byte[] result;
        BinaryFormatter serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
        using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            serializer.Serialize(memStream, request);
            result = memStream.GetBuffer();
        }
        return result;
    }

    public static T DeserializeFromByteArray<T>(byte[] buffer)
    {
        BinaryFormatter deserializer = new BinaryFormatter();
        using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(buffer))
        {
            object newobj = deserializer.Deserialize(memStream);
            return (T)newobj;
        }
    }
}

至于你的类，它包含两个私有(private)字段。我看不到您在哪里为它们设置值，所以我稍微更改了您的代码，以便可以在构造函数中设置它们。此外，我添加了所需的 Serializable 属性:

using System;
using System.Collections;

[Serializable]
public class Conversation
{
    public Conversation(string convName, string convOwner)
    {
        this.convName = convName;
        this.convOwner = convOwner;
    }

    public Conversation()
    {
    }

    private string convName, convOwner;
    public ArrayList convUsers;

    public string getConvName()
    {
        return this.convName;
    }
    public string getConvOwner()
    {
        return this.convOwner;
    }
}

现在让我们将它们放在一起，并在控制台应用程序中查看您的类序列化和反序列化:

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

namespace Capishi
{
    [Serializable]
    public class Conversation
    {
        public Conversation(string convName, string convOwner)
        {
            this.convName = convName;
            this.convOwner = convOwner;
        }

        public Conversation()
        {
        }

        private string convName, convOwner;
        public ArrayList convUsers;

        public string getConvName()
        {
            return this.convName;
        }
        public string getConvOwner()
        {
            return this.convOwner;
        }
    }

    public class SerializationUtils
    {
        public static byte[] SerializeToByteArray(object request)
        {
            byte[] result;
            BinaryFormatter serializer = new BinaryFormatter();
            using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                serializer.Serialize(memStream, request);
                result = memStream.GetBuffer();
            }
            return result;
        }

        public static T DeserializeFromByteArray<T>(byte[] buffer)
        {
            BinaryFormatter deserializer = new BinaryFormatter();
            using (MemoryStream memStream = new MemoryStream(buffer))
            {
                object newobj = deserializer.Deserialize(memStream);
                return (T)newobj;
            }
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // create and initialize a conversation object
            var convName = "Capishi";
            var convOwner = "Ice Cream";
            Conversation myConversation = new Conversation(convName, convOwner);
            myConversation.convUsers = new ArrayList();
            myConversation.convUsers.Add("Ron Klein");
            myConversation.convUsers.Add("Rakesh K");

            // serialize to a byte array
            byte[] data = SerializationUtils.SerializeToByteArray(myConversation);

            // print the resulting byte array if you want
            // PrintArray(data);

            // deserialize the object (on the other side of the communication
            Conversation otherConversation = SerializationUtils.DeserializeFromByteArray<Conversation>(data);

            // let's see if all of the members are really there
            Console.WriteLine("*** start output ***");
            Console.WriteLine("otherConversation.getConvName() = " + otherConversation.getConvName());
            Console.WriteLine("otherConversation.getConvOwner() = " + otherConversation.getConvOwner());
            Console.WriteLine("otherConversation.convUsers:");
            foreach (object item in otherConversation.convUsers)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(item);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("*** done output ***");

            // wait before close
            Console.ReadLine();

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// just a helper function to dump an array to the console's output
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        private static void PrintArray(byte[] data)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.Write("{0:000}", data[i]);
                if (i < data.Length - 1)
                    Console.Write(", ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }
}

结果是:

*** start output ***
otherConversation.getConvName() = Capishi
otherConversation.getConvOwner() = Ice Cream
otherConversation.convUsers:
Ron Klein
Rakesh K
*** done output ***

最后一点:

我会使用通用的 List 而不是过时的 ArrayList，除非您绑定(bind)到 .NET 1.*。

关于c# - 使用 TCP 传输复杂对象，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2619831/