C#教程 socket编程

编程需要恒心和毅力，最主要的是要有信心，循序渐进的完成任务。

一、socket类用于网络通信
命名空间System.Net.Sockets，完整的类引用System.Net.Sockets.Socket。Socket类支持各种网络协议。
二、简单的控制台程序

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplicationSocket01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

        }
    }
}

三、添加socket变量

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
namespace ConsoleApplicationSocket01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket UnitySocketServer=
new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Dgram,ProtocolType.Udp);
            
        }
    }
}

然后bind服务器主机的 IP地址：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;

namespace ConsoleApplicationSocket01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket UnitySocketServer=
new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Dgram,ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress HostIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            UnitySocketServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress,5600));

    }
}

四、让socket接收数据
UnitySocketServer.Receive();Receive()方法用于接收传入的数据，该方法有多个重载版本。
先定义接收数据的数组BytesOfReceived，然后调用Receive()接收数据

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Byte[] BytesOfReceived=new Byte[512];
            Socket UnitySocketServer=
new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Dgram,ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress HostIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            UnitySocketServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress,5600));
            UnitySocketServer.Receive(BytesOfReceived);
}

当然，上面的程序会存在很多问题，下面进行修正。先将Receive()放入无限循环结构，使socket不停的接收消息：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Byte[] BytesOfReceived=new Byte[512];
            Socket UnitySocketServer=
new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Dgram,ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress HostIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            UnitySocketServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress,5600));
            while(true){
                UnitySocketServer.Receive(BytesOfReceived);
            }

接下来，继续修正，先判断每次循环是否接收到消息，如果接收到消息就显示它。Receive()方法会返回接收的数据长度，我们要利用这个值。

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Byte[] BytesOfReceived=new Byte[512];
            Socket UnitySocketServer=
new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Dgram,ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress HostIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            UnitySocketServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress,5600));
            while(true){
                int NumOfReceived=0;
                NumOfReceived=UnitySocketServer.Receive(BytesOfReceived);
                if(NumOfReceived>0){
                    Console.Write(Console.Write(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(BytesOfReceived)););
                }
            }

到此，该程序具有了基本功能，接下来可以测试它。
五、为了测试以上程序，我们再次创建控制台程序，这次创建的程序是客户端程序。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;

namespace ConsoleApplicationSocketClient01
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Byte[] BytesOfSended =Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("whtskjdkjfg");
            Socket UnitySocketClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            IPAddress HostIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            UnitySocketClient.Bind(new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress, 5601));
           while(true){
                int NumOfReceived = 0;
                NumOfReceived = UnitySocketClient.SendTo(BytesOfSended, new IPEndPoint(HostIpAddress, 5600));
                
           }

        }
    }
}

六、按Ctrl+F5,运行上面的两个程序。发现运行良好。
七、可以在此基础上做进一步的修正，以完成其他功能。