我终于将使用 JAR 文件运行的旧单元测试迁移到使用 gradle，但我在获得正确的组合时遇到了很多麻烦，并且不确定我在做什么是对还是错。首先，这些是我正在使用的所有 jar 文件。

dexmaker-1.0.jar
dexmaker-mockito-1.0.jar
fest-android-1.0.7.jar
fest-assert-core-2.0M10.jar
fest-util-1.2.5.jar
junit-4.11.jar
mockito-all-1.9.5.jar
the-missing-android-xml-junit-test-runner-release-1.3_2.jar  <---- I think this is used to get reports for the unit tests, is there a way that I don't have to use this anymore?

当我像下面这样的 JAR 一样导入所有这些 JAR 时，它工作正常，所以这是一件好事，但并不理想:

androidTestCompile fileTree(dir: 'libs/test', include: '*.jar')

接下来，我开始尝试将所有 JAR 文件更改为 gradle-maven 依赖项，如下所示

androidTestCompile fileTree(dir: 'libs/test', include: '*.jar')
androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.11+'
androidTestCompile ('com.squareup:fest-android:1.0.+') {
    exclude group: 'com.android.support'
}
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-assert-core:2.0M10'
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-util:1.2.+'
androidTestCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.+'
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker:1.+'
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker-mockito:1.+'

这没有用，因为在尝试构建和运行单元测试时，我得到了以下结果:

UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lorg/hamcrest/Description;
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:594)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:552)
    ... 

所以我看了几个地方来帮助我解决这个问题，Android Gradle DexException: Multiple dex files define Lorg/hamcrest/Description Android testing: 'Multiple dex files' when using 'gradle check connectedCheck' Android + Powermock + Mockito + Maven build error with ClassNotFoundException ，他们建议我尝试以下操作:

androidTestCompile fileTree(dir: 'libs/test', include: '*.jar')
androidTestCompile('junit:junit:4.11+') {
    exclude group: 'org.hamcrest'
}
androidTestCompile ('com.squareup:fest-android:1.0.+') {
    exclude group: 'com.android.support'
}
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-assert-core:2.0M10'
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-util:1.2.+'
androidTestCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.+'
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker:1.+'
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker-mockito:1.+'

和

androidTestCompile fileTree(dir: 'libs/test', include: '*.jar')
androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.11+'
androidTestCompile ('com.squareup:fest-android:1.0.+') {
    exclude group: 'com.android.support'
}
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-assert-core:2.0M10'
androidTestCompile 'org.easytesting:fest-util:1.2.+'
androidTestCompile('org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.5') {
    exclude group: 'org.hamcrest'
}
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker:1.+'
androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker-mockito:1.+'

但仍然产生了以下结果:

UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:
com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lorg/hamcrest/Description;
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:594)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:552)

我根据一些建议尝试了以下更改 junit 和 mockito。

androidTestCompile 'junit:junit-dep:4.11+'
androidTestCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.+'

我得到了

Error: duplicate files during packaging of APK /.../app/build/outputs/apk/app-debug-test-unaligned.apk
Path in archive: LICENSE.txt
Origin 1: /.../.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/junit/junit/4.11/4e031bb61df09069aeb2bffb4019e7a5034a4ee0/junit-4.11.jar
Origin 2: /.../.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/42a25dc3219429f0e5d060061f71acb49bf010a0/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar
You can ignore those files in your build.gradle:
android {
  packagingOptions {
    exclude 'LICENSE.txt'
  }
}
FAILED
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
Execution failed for task ':app:packageDebugTest'.

Duplicate files copied in APK LICENSE.txt File 1: /Users/simonadmin/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/junit/junit/4.11/4e031bb61df09069aeb2bffb4019e7a5034a4ee0/junit-4.11.jar File 2: /Users/simonadmin/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/junit/junit/4.11/4e031bb61df09069aeb2bffb4019e7a5034a4ee0/junit-4.11.jar

对此有什么建议或帮助吗？我不想回去使用 JAR。

最佳答案

实际上，我最后通过添加就弄明白了，而且它起作用了。

android {
    // stuff before

    packagingOptions {
        exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt'
        exclude 'LICENSE.txt'
    }
}

我的依赖项如下

dependencies {
    androidTestCompile ('com.squareup:fest-android:1.0.+') {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support'
    }
    androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker:1.+'
    androidTestCompile 'com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker-mockito:1.+'

    androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.11'
    androidTestCompile 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
    androidTestCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5'
}

关于Android Gradle 单元测试从 JAR 迁移 - 从 junit 和 mockito 复制 hamcrest 文件，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25084768/