我遇到了一个问题。

当我尝试打开更改页面以查看元素内的参数(如 djangosite.com/admin/djangoapp/someelement/1/change/)时，它加载速度非常慢(10-15秒)。

我发现 Django 进行了很多重复查询:

更新: 我想我在 admin.py 中犯了错误。

   inlines = [PhoneInline,FlatInline,NeedInline]

如果我删除上面的行，一切都很好。

mysql日志

2161 Query  set autocommit=0
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_phone`.`id`, `ha_phone`.`phone_number`, `ha_phone`.`phone_owner_id` FROM `ha_phone` WHERE `ha_phone`.`id` = 262
         2161 Query SELECT `django_content_type`.`id`, `django_content_type`.`app_label`, `django_content_type`.`model` FROM `django_content_type` WHERE (`django_content_type`.`model` = 'phone' AND `django_content_type`.`app_label` = 'MYAPP')
         2161 Query commit
         2161 Query set autocommit=1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_owner`.`id`, `ha_owner`.`owner_pub_date`, `ha_owner`.`owner_name`, `ha_owner`.`owner_verify`, `ha_owner`.`owner_company_id` FROM `ha_owner` WHERE `ha_owner`.`id` = 236
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_owner`.`id`, `ha_owner`.`owner_pub_date`, `ha_owner`.`owner_name`, `ha_owner`.`owner_verify`, `ha_owner`.`owner_company_id` FROM `ha_owner`
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1
         2161 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company` WHERE `ha_company`.`id` = 1

...

模型.py

class House(models.Model):
    house_number = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name="Номер дома")
    house_floors = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Число этажей", null=True)
    house_walls = models.ForeignKey(Walls, verbose_name="Материал стен", null=True)
    house_street = models.ForeignKey(Street, verbose_name="Улица")
    house_metro = models.ForeignKey(Metro, verbose_name="Станция Метро", null=True)
    house_block = models.ForeignKey(Block, verbose_name="Микрорайон", null=True)


    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'Дом'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Дома'
        ordering = ['house_street','house_number']


    def __unicode__(self):
        return unicode(self.house_street.street_name) + " " + unicode(self.house_number)

class Flat(models.Model):
    flat_number = models.CharField(max_length=7, verbose_name="Номер квартиры", null=True)
    flat_rooms = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Число комнат")
    flat_total_sq = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Общая площадь")
    flat_life_sq = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Жилая площадь")
    flat_kitchen_sq = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Кухонная площадь")
    flat_floors = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="Этаж")
    flat_house = models.ForeignKey(House, verbose_name="Дом")
    flat_owner = models.ForeignKey(Owner, verbose_name="Владелец")
    flat_comment = models.TextField(verbose_name="Комметарий", null=True)
    flat_price = models.PositiveIntegerField(verbose_name='Цена квартиры')
...    
class Owner(models.Model):
        owner_pub_date = models.DateField(default=None,null=True,verbose_name="Дата публикации")
        owner_name = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name="ФИО владельца")
        owner_verify = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="Пользователь верифицирован?")
        owner_company = models.ForeignKey(Company, verbose_name="Компания")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = 'Владельца'
            verbose_name_plural = 'Владельцы'

        def __unicode__(self):
            return unicode(self.id) + " | "+ self.owner_name + " " + unicode(self.owner_company)


    class Phone(models.Model):
        phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=25, verbose_name="Номер телефона")
        phone_owner = models.ForeignKey(Owner, verbose_name="Владелец телефона")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = 'Телефон'
            verbose_name_plural = 'Телефоны'

        def __unicode__(self):
            return unicode(self.phone_owner) + " " + self.phone_number

管理员.py

...        
class PhoneInline(admin.StackedInline):
            model = Phone
            extra = 2

        class FlatInline(admin.TabularInline):
            model = Flat
            extra = 0

        class NeedInline(admin.TabularInline):
            model = Need
            extra = 1

        class OwnerAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
            field=['owner_name']
            inlines = [PhoneInline,FlatInline,NeedInline]

    admin.site.register(Owner,OwnerAdmin)

我该怎么办？ 非常感谢。

更新 @Alasdair，谢谢。使用 ha_company 的查询减少了。但我有另一个与 ha_street 的副本。看起来像这样:

 2601 Query SELECT `ha_company`.`id`, `ha_company`.`company_name` FROM `ha_company`
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_house`.`id`, `ha_house`.`house_number`, `ha_house`.`house_floors`, `ha_house`.`house_walls_id`, `ha_house`.`house_street_id`, `ha_house`.`house_metro_id`, `ha_house`.`house_block_id`, `ha_house`.`house_age`, `ha_house`.`house_flat`, `ha_house`.`house_quality` FROM `ha_house` INNER JOIN `ha_street` ON (`ha_house`.`house_street_id` = `ha_street`.`id`) ORDER BY `ha_street`.`street_name` ASC, `ha_house`.`house_number` ASC
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_street`.`id`, `ha_street`.`street_name` FROM `ha_street` WHERE `ha_street`.`id` = 74
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_street`.`id`, `ha_street`.`street_name` FROM `ha_street` WHERE `ha_street`.`id` = 74
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_street`.`id`, `ha_street`.`street_name` FROM `ha_street` WHERE `ha_street`.`id` = 36
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_street`.`id`, `ha_street`.`street_name` FROM `ha_street` WHERE `ha_street`.`id` = 582
         2601 Query SELECT `ha_street`.`id`, `ha_street`.`street_name` FROM `ha_street` WHERE `ha_street`.`id` = 582

最佳答案

Phone 模型的 __unicode__ 方法包括 unicode(self.phone_owner)，它依次访问 owner_company外键。这意味着 Django 必须为内联中的每个电话对象查找公司。

您通过删除内联解决了问题，但如果您想保留内联，您可以:

1. 更改 Phone 或 Owner 的 __unicode__ 方法，使公司不包括在内

2. 为您的内联覆盖 get_queryset 方法，以便您可以使用 select_related。

   class PhoneInline(admin.StackedInline):
       model = Phone
       extra = 2
   
       def get_queryset(self, request):
           return super(PhoneInline, self).get_queryset(request).select_related('phone_owner', 'phone_owner__ owner_company')
   

关于python - Django 管理员在 mysql 中进行了很多重复查询，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35942217/