代码

以下代码针对大量数据计算线性回归的斜率和截距。然后，它针对相同的结果集应用方程式 y = mx + b 来计算每一行的回归线的值。

如何连接两个查询，以便在不执行两次 WHERE 子句的情况下计算数据及其斜率/截距？

问题的一般形式是:

SELECT a.group, func(a.group, avg_avg)
FROM a
    (SELECT AVG(field1_avg) as avg_avg
     FROM (SELECT a.group, AVG(field1) as field1_avg
           FROM a
           WHERE (SOME_CONDITION)
           GROUP BY a.group) as several_lines -- potentially
    ) as one_line -- always
WHERE (SOME_CONDITION)
GROUP BY a.group -- again, potentially several lines

我有 SOME_CONDITION 执行了两次。如下所示(更新了 STRAIGHT_JOIN 优化):

SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN
  AVG(D.AMOUNT) as AMOUNT,
  Y.YEAR * ymxb.SLOPE + ymxb.INTERCEPT as REGRESSION_LINE,
  Y.YEAR as YEAR,
  MAKEDATE(Y.YEAR,1) as AMOUNT_DATE,
  ymxb.SLOPE,
  ymxb.INTERCEPT,
  ymxb.CORRELATION,
  ymxb.MEASUREMENTS
FROM
  CITY C,
  STATION S,
  STATION_DISTRICT SD,
  YEAR_REF Y,
  MONTH_REF M,
  DAILY D,
  (SELECT
    SUM(MEASUREMENTS) as MEASUREMENTS,

    ((sum(t.YEAR) * sum(t.AMOUNT)) - (count(1) * sum(t.YEAR * t.AMOUNT))) /
    (power(sum(t.YEAR), 2) - count(1) * sum(power(t.YEAR, 2))) as SLOPE,

    ((sum( t.YEAR ) * sum( t.YEAR * t.AMOUNT )) -
    (sum( t.AMOUNT ) * sum(power(t.YEAR, 2)))) /
    (power(sum(t.YEAR), 2) - count(1) * sum(power(t.YEAR, 2))) as INTERCEPT,

    ((avg(t.AMOUNT * t.YEAR)) - avg(t.AMOUNT) * avg(t.YEAR)) /
    (stddev( t.AMOUNT ) * stddev( t.YEAR )) as CORRELATION
  FROM (
    SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN
      COUNT(1) as MEASUREMENTS,
      AVG(D.AMOUNT) as AMOUNT,
      Y.YEAR as YEAR
    FROM
      CITY C,
      STATION S,
      STATION_DISTRICT SD,
      YEAR_REF Y,
      MONTH_REF M,
      DAILY D
    WHERE
      -- For a specific city ...
      --
      $X{ IN, C.ID, CityCode } AND

      -- Find all the stations within a specific unit radius ...
      --
      6371.009 *
      SQRT(
        POW(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL), 2) +
        (COS(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL + S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL) / 2) *
         POW(RADIANS(C.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL), 2)) ) <= $P{Radius} AND

      SD.ID = S.STATION_DISTRICT_ID AND

      -- Gather all known years for that station ...
      --
      Y.STATION_DISTRICT_ID = SD.ID AND

      -- The data before 1900 is shaky; insufficient after 2009.
      --
      Y.YEAR BETWEEN 1900 AND 2009 AND

      -- Filtered by all known months ...
      --
      M.YEAR_REF_ID = Y.ID AND

      -- Whittled down by category ...
      --
      M.CATEGORY_ID = $P{CategoryCode} AND

      -- Into the valid daily climate data.
      --
      M.ID = D.MONTH_REF_ID AND
      D.DAILY_FLAG_ID <> 'M'
    GROUP BY
      Y.YEAR
  ) t
) ymxb
WHERE
  -- For a specific city ...
  --
  $X{ IN, C.ID, CityCode } AND

  -- Find all the stations within a specific unit radius ...
  --
  6371.009 *
  SQRT(
    POW(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL), 2) +
    (COS(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL + S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL) / 2) *
     POW(RADIANS(C.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL), 2)) ) <= $P{Radius} AND

  SD.ID = S.STATION_DISTRICT_ID AND

  -- Gather all known years for that station ...
  --
  Y.STATION_DISTRICT_ID = SD.ID AND

  -- The data before 1900 is shaky; insufficient after 2009.
  --
  Y.YEAR BETWEEN 1900 AND 2009 AND

  -- Filtered by all known months ...
  --
  M.YEAR_REF_ID = Y.ID AND

  -- Whittled down by category ...
  --
  M.CATEGORY_ID = $P{CategoryCode} AND

  -- Into the valid daily climate data.
  --
  M.ID = D.MONTH_REF_ID AND
  D.DAILY_FLAG_ID <> 'M'
GROUP BY
  Y.YEAR

问题

如何在每个查询中只执行一次重复位，而不是两次？重复代码:

  $X{ IN, C.ID, CityCode } AND
  6371.009 *
  SQRT(
    POW(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL), 2) +
    (COS(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL + S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL) / 2) *
     POW(RADIANS(C.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL), 2)) ) <= $P{Radius} AND
  SD.ID = S.STATION_DISTRICT_ID AND
  Y.STATION_DISTRICT_ID = SD.ID AND
  Y.YEAR BETWEEN 1900 AND 2009 AND
  M.YEAR_REF_ID = Y.ID AND
  M.CATEGORY_ID = $P{CategoryCode} AND
  M.ID = D.MONTH_REF_ID AND
  D.DAILY_FLAG_ID <> 'M'
GROUP BY
  Y.YEAR

更新 1

使用变量和拆分查询似乎允许缓存启动，因为现在运行时间为 3.5 秒，而过去运行时间为 7 秒。不过，如果有任何方法可以删除重复代码，我会感谢任何帮助。

<罢工> 更新2

上面的代码不能在 JasperReports 中运行，并且一个 VIEW，虽然是一个可能的修复，但可能会非常低效(因为 WHERE 子句是参数化的)。

更新 3

使用 Unreason 建议的带收敛子午线的毕达哥拉斯公式验证距离:

  6371.009 *
  SQRT(
    POW(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL), 2) +
    (COS(RADIANS(C.LATITUDE_DECIMAL + S.LATITUDE_DECIMAL) / 2) *
    POW(RADIANS(C.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL - S.LONGITUDE_DECIMAL), 2)) )

(这与问题无关，但如果其他人想知道...)

更新 4

如图所示，代码在 JasperReports 中运行，针对 MySQL 数据库运行。 JasperReports 不允许变量或多个查询。

更新 5

我正在寻找一个执行干净的解决方案。 ;-) 我已经编写了一些部分可行的解决方案，但遗憾的是，MySQL 无法理解部分正确。请参阅与 Unreason 的讨论以获得几乎可行的答案。

更新 6

我可能能够重用第一个 WHERE 子句中的变量并将它们与第二个子句进行比较(从而消除一些重复 - 针对 $P 的检查{} 值)，但我真的很想消除重复。

更新 7

比较 YEAR 子句(如上次更新中假设的那样)以消除重复的 BETWEEN 是行不通的。

相关

How to eliminate duplicate calculation in SQL?

谢谢!

最佳答案

您应该能够一次性获得所需的一切:

 SELECT
    AVG(D.AMOUNT) as AMOUNT,
    Y.YEAR as YEAR,
    MAKEDATE(Y.YEAR,1) as AMOUNT_DATE,
    Y.YEAR * ymxb.SLOPE + ymxb.INTERCEPT as REGRESSION_LINE,             
    ((avg(AVG(D.AMOUNT) * Y.YEAR)) - avg(AVG(D.AMOUNT)) * avg(Y.YEAR)) /                  
    (stddev( AVG(D.AMOUNT) ) * stddev( Y.YEAR )) as CORRELATION,                     
    ((sum(Y.YEAR) * sum(AVG(D.AMOUNT))) - (count(1) * sum(Y.YEAR * AVG(D.AMOUNT)))) /
    (power(sum(Y.YEAR), 2) - count(1) * sum(power(Y.YEAR, 2))) as SLOPE,   
    ((sum( Y.YEAR ) * sum( Y.YEAR * AVG(D.AMOUNT) )) -
    (sum( AVG(D.AMOUNT) ) * sum(power(Y.YEAR, 2)))) / 
    (power(sum(Y.YEAR), 2) - count(1) * sum(power(Y.YEAR, 2))) as INTERCEPT
 FROM
    CITY C,
    STATION S,
    YEAR_REF Y,
    MONTH_REF M,
    DAILY D
 WHERE
    $X{ IN, C.ID, CityCode } AND
    SQRT(
        POW( C.LATITUDE - S.LATITUDE, 2 ) +
        POW( C.LONGITUDE - S.LONGITUDE, 2 ) ) < $P{Radius} AND
    S.STATION_DISTRICT_ID = Y.STATION_DISTRICT_ID AND
    Y.YEAR BETWEEN 1900 AND 2009 AND
    M.YEAR_REF_ID = Y.ID AND
    M.CATEGORY_ID = $P{CategoryCode} AND
    M.ID = D.MONTH_REF_ID AND
    D.DAILY_FLAG_ID <> 'M'
 GROUP BY
    Y.YEAR

直接从上面的查询中不会工作的东西(它有无意义的组​​合聚合和其他错误)；现在是检查公式的好时机

如果您决定进行子查询并简化公式，那么:

• 您可以在最内层的查询中获取(您确实获取了)所有必要的数据，而不必再重复外部查询中的所有表(只需从 t 中选择相关列，它们已经任您支配)
• 你不必重复 where 条件

关于sql - 删除多余的 SQL 代码，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2799768/