我想创建一个 Elastic Beanstalk 配置，允许我部署 .NET Windows 服务但不部署 Web 应用程序。

我刚读过this blog post其中解释了如何使用 .ebextensions 将 Windows 服务与您的 Web 应用程序一起部署，但是是否存在可以在不为 Web 应用程序部署 Web 部署包的情况下运行 .ebextensions 的场景？

我唯一的选择是创建一个包含 .ebextensions 目录的空 Web 应用程序，然后部署 Web 部署包吗？

Elastic Beanstalk 常见问题解答提到了部署非 Web 应用程序的能力 (here)，我在 AWS 开发人员论坛 (here) 上发现了一个类似的(未回答的)问题。

更新

由于在这个问题上缺乏事件并且我无法在互联网上找到任何其他信息，我只是假设这个问题的答案是“否”(至少现在是这样)。

我最终创建了一个空的 Web 应用程序，并使用它通过 .ebextensions YAML 配置部署了我的 Windows 服务。

作为旁注，我想强调 this page from Amazon's documentation我发现这是创建这些特殊配置文件的非常有用的指南。

另一个更新

实现上述方法后，我发现 Elastic Beanstalk 没有为新的 Beanstalk 实例执行我的 .ebextensions 脚本。导致创建新实例时Windows服务安装失败。我不得不跳过几个环节才能最终获得可扩展的解决方案。如果您需要最终解决方案的详细信息，请告诉我。

最终，Elastic Beanstalk 似乎并不适合部署可扩展的 Windows 服务。

基本解决方案

我不愿意发布源代码，因为它不是用于个人项目，但这是我当前部署解决方案的基本结构:

1. 自定义 EC2 AMI 包含一个在启动时运行的“引导”程序。该程序执行以下操作:
   1.1。 Download a 'zip' archive来自(可配置的)“部署”S3 存储桶
   1.2。将下载的 zip 文件解压缩到临时目录
   1.3。找到/执行了“install.bat”脚本(脚本的名称也是可配置的)。此脚本安装并启动 Windows 服务。
2. 使用 bootsrap 程序将 Elastic Beanstalk“实例 AMI”设置为自定义 AMI(请参阅:this article)

要部署新代码:将安装 .zip 存档(包含 Windows 服务和 install.bat 文件)上传到 S3 存储桶并终止 Elastic Beanstalk 应用程序的所有 EC2 实例。当重新创建实例时， Bootstrap 将下载/安装新更新的代码。

当然，如果我重新开始，我会跳过使用 Elastic Beanstalk 并使用标准的 AWS 自动缩放以及类似的部署方案。 底线是，如果您没有 Web 应用程序，请不要使用 Elastic Beanstalk；您最好使用标准的 AWS 自动缩放。

新的 AWS 部署工具

亚马逊最近宣布了几个似乎可以解决部署问题的新代码部署/管理服务:http://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/code-management-and-deployment/

我还没有使用过这些新服务(我什至不确定它们是否已经发布)，但它们看起来很有前途。

最佳答案

由于这个问题已经存在了一段时间，仍然没有答案，但一直引起人们的兴趣，让我分享我对一个非常相似的问题的解决方案——在 EC2 实例上安装 Windows 服务。不过我没有使用 Beanstalk，因为该服务更多地是为快速部署 Web 应用程序而设计的。相反，我直接使用 Beanstalk 在下面使用的 CloudFormation 来部署与 Web 应用程序相关的资源。

堆栈需要现有的 VPC(我们跨越多个可用性区域)、一个存储所有服务构建工件的 S3 存储桶和一个 EC2 key 对。模板使用 Windows AMI 和少数其他资源(如带访问 key 的 IAM 用户)和工作 S3 存储桶创建 EC2 实例，仅用于说明如何创建您的服务可能需要的其他资源。模板还将压缩包的名称作为参数，其中包含已上传到构建工件 S3 存储桶中的所有服务二进制文件和配置文件(我们使用为我们制作的 TeamCity 构建服务器，但您可以手动创建和上传包类(class))。当您构建新版本的服务时，您只需创建新包(例如 service.v2.zip)，使用新名称更新堆栈，服务将自动更新。模板包含 4 个不同区域的 AMI 的 ID，但您可以根据需要随时添加其他区域。这是堆栈模板:

{
    "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
    "Description": "Service stack template.",
    "Parameters": {
        "KeyPair": {
            "Type": "String",
            "Default": "MyDefaultKeys",
            "Description": "Name of EC2 Key Pair."
        },
        "ServicePackageName": {
            "Type": "String",
            "Default": "service.zip",
            "Description": "Name of the zip package of the service files."
        },
        "DeploymentBucketName": {
            "Type": "String",
            "Default": "",
            "Description": "Name of the deployment bucket where all the artifacts are."
        },
        "VPCId": {
            "Type": "String",
            "Default": "",
            "Description": "Identifier of existing VPC."
        },
        "VPCSubnets": {
            "Default": "",
            "Description": "Commaseparated list of existing subnets within the existing VPC. Could be just one.",
            "Type": "CommaDelimitedList"
        },
        "VPCSecurityGroup": {
            "Default": "",
            "Description": "Existing VPC security group. That should be the ID of the VPC's default security group.",
            "Type": "String"
        }
    },
    "Mappings": {
        "Region2WinAMI": {
            "us-east-1": { "64": "ami-40f0d32a" },
            "us-west-1": { "64": "ami-20601740" },
            "us-west-2": { "64": "ami-ff4baf9f" },
            "eu-west-1": { "64": "ami-3367d340" }
        }
    },
    "Resources": {
        "ServiceInstance": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
            "Metadata": {
                "Comment": "Install Service",
                "AWS::CloudFormation::Init": {
                    "configSets": {
                        "default": [ "ServiceConfig" ]
                    },
                    "ServiceConfig": {
                        "files": {
                            "c:\\service\\settings.config": {
                                "source": { "Fn::Join": [ "/", [ "https://s3.amazonaws.com", { "Ref": "DeploymentBucketName" }, "deployments/stacks", { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" }, "templates/settings.config.mustache" ] ] },
                                "context": {
                                    "region": { "Ref": "AWS::Region" },
                                    "accesskey": { "Ref": "IAMUserAccessKey" },
                                    "secretkey": { "Fn::GetAtt": [ "IAMUserAccessKey", "SecretAccessKey" ] },
                                    "bucket": { "Ref": "BucketName" }
                                }
                            },
                            "c:\\cfn\\cfn-hup.conf": {
                                "content": {
                                    "Fn::Join": [
                                        "",
                                        [
                                            "[main]\n",
                                            "stack=",
                                            { "Ref": "AWS::StackId" },
                                            "\n",
                                            "region=",
                                            { "Ref": "AWS::Region" },
                                            "\n",
                                            "interval=1"
                                        ]
                                    ]
                                }
                            },
                            "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\cfn-auto-reloader.conf": {
                                "content": {
                                    "Fn::Join": [
                                        "",
                                        [
                                            "[cfn-auto-reloader-hook]\n",
                                            "triggers=post.update\n",
                                            "path=Resources.ServiceInstance.Metadata.AWS::CloudFormation::Init\n",
                                            "action=cfn-init.exe -v -s ",
                                            { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" },
                                            " -r ServiceInstance --region ",
                                            { "Ref": "AWS::Region" },
                                            "\n"
                                        ]
                                    ]
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "sources": {
                            "c:\\tmp\\service": { "Fn::Join": [ "/", [ "https://s3.amazonaws.com", { "Ref": "DeploymentBucketName" }, "deployments/stacks", { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" }, "artifacts/Service", { "Ref": "ServicePackageName" } ] ] }
                        },
                        "commands": {
                            "Install Service": {
                                "command": "call c:\\tmp\\service\\install.bat",
                                "ignoreErrors": "false"
                            }
                        },
                        "services": {
                            "windows": {
                                "cfn-hup": {
                                    "enabled": "true",
                                    "ensureRunning": "true",
                                    "files": [ "c:\\cfn\\cfn-hup.conf", "c:\\cfn\\hooks.d\\cfn-auto-reloader.conf" ]
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            },
            "Properties": {
                "ImageId": { "Fn::FindInMap": [ "Region2WinAMI", { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "64" ] },
                "InstanceType": "t2.micro",
                "KeyName": { "Ref": "KeyPair" },
                "SecurityGroupIds" : [{ "Ref": "VPCSecurityGroup" }],
                "SubnetId" : { "Fn::Select": [ "0", { "Ref": "VPCSubnets" } ] },
                "UserData": {
                    "Fn::Base64": {
                        "Fn::Join": [
                            "",
                            [
                                "<script>\n",
                                "if not exist \"C:\\logs\" mkdir C:\\logs \n",
                                "cfn-init.exe -v -s ",
                                { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" },
                                " -r ServiceInstance --region ",
                                { "Ref": "AWS::Region" },
                                " -c default \n",
                                "</script>\n"
                            ]
                        ]
                    }
                },
                "BlockDeviceMappings": [
                    {
                        "DeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
                        "Ebs": {
                            "DeleteOnTermination": "true",
                            "VolumeSize": "40",
                            "VolumeType": "gp2"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "Tags": [
                    { "Key": "Name", "Value": { "Fn::Join": [ ".", [ { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" }, "service" ] ] } }
                ]
            }
        },
        "BucketName": {
            "Type": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
            "Properties": {
                "AccessControl": "PublicRead"
            },
            "DeletionPolicy": "Retain"
        },
        "IAMUser": {
            "Type": "AWS::IAM::User",
            "Properties": {
                "Path": "/",
                "Groups": [ "stack-users" ],
                "Policies": [
                    {
                        "PolicyName": "giveaccesstobuckets",
                        "PolicyDocument": {
                            "Version": "2012-10-17",
                            "Statement": [
                                {
                                    "Effect": "Allow",
                                    "Action": [ "s3:*" ],
                                    "Resource": [ { "Fn::Join": [ "", [ "arn:aws:s3:::", { "Ref": "BucketName" }, "/*" ] ] } ]
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "IAMUserAccessKey": {
            "Type": "AWS::IAM::AccessKey",
            "Properties": {
                "UserName": { "Ref": "IAMUser" }
            }
        }
    }
}

如您所见，复制工件后，我们执行 install.bat 批处理文件(包含在 zip 文件中)，它将文件移动到正确的位置并注册服务。这是文件的内容:

@echo off
sc query MyService > NUL
IF ERRORLEVEL 1060 GOTO COPYANDCREATE
sc stop MyService
waitfor /T 20 ServiceStop
echo D | xcopy "c:\tmp\service" "c:\service\" /E /Y /i
GOTO END
:COPYANDCREATE
echo D | xcopy "c:\tmp\service" "c:\service\" /E /Y /i
sc create MyService binpath= "c:\service\MyService.exe" start= "auto"
:END
sc start MyService

模板还创建配置文件(来自也驻留在工件存储桶中的 settings.config.mustache)，其中包含有关已创建供服务使用的其他资源的信息。在这里:

<appSettings>
    <add key="AWSAccessKey" value="{{accesskey}}" />
    <add key="AWSSecretKey" value="{{secretkey}}" />
    <add key="AWSRegion" value="{{region}}" />
    <add key="AWSBucket" value="{{bucket}}" />
</appSettings>

您可以从 AWS Web 控制台或 CLI 创建并稍后更新堆栈.

差不多就这些了。您可以访问the AWS CloudFormation website获取有关该服务以及如何使用模板的更多信息。

P.S.:我意识到如果我也共享创建 VPC 的模板会更好。我将它分开，因为我每个区域有一个 VPC。如果您愿意，您可以将它与服务模板集成，但这意味着每次您创建新堆栈时，也会创建一个新的 VPC。这是 VPC 模板:

{
    "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
    "Description": "VPC stack template.",
    "Mappings": {
        "Region2AZ": {
            "us-east-1": { "AZ": [ "us-east-1a", "us-east-1b", "us-east-1d" ] },
            "us-west-1": { "AZ": [ "us-west-1b", "us-west-1c" ] },
            "us-west-2": { "AZ": [ "us-west-2a", "us-west-2b", "us-west-2c" ] },
            "eu-west-1": { "AZ": [ "eu-west-1a", "eu-west-1b", "eu-west-1c" ] }
        }
    },
    "Conditions": {
        "RegionHas3Zones": { "Fn::Not" : [ { "Fn::Equals" : [ { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "us-west-1" ] } ] }
    },
    "Resources": {
        "VPC": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPC",
            "Properties": {
                "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/16",
                "EnableDnsSupport" : "true",
                "EnableDnsHostnames" : "true"
            }
        },
        "VPCSecurityGroup": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
            "Properties": {
                "GroupDescription": "Security group for VPC.",
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" }
            }
        },
        "Subnet0": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
                "CidrBlock": "10.0.0.0/24",
                "AvailabilityZone": { "Fn::Select": [ "0", { "Fn::FindInMap": [ "Region2AZ", { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "AZ" ] } ] }
            }
        },
        "Subnet1": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
                "CidrBlock": "10.0.1.0/24",
                "AvailabilityZone": { "Fn::Select": [ "1", { "Fn::FindInMap": [ "Region2AZ", { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "AZ" ] } ] }
            }
        },
        "Subnet2": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet",
            "Condition": "RegionHas3Zones",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
                "CidrBlock": "10.0.2.0/24",
                "AvailabilityZone": { "Fn::Select": [ "2", { "Fn::FindInMap": [ "Region2AZ", { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, "AZ" ] } ] }
            }
        },
        "InternetGateway": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::InternetGateway",
            "Properties": {
            }
        },
        "AttachGateway": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" },
                "InternetGatewayId": { "Ref": "InternetGateway" }
            }
        },
        "RouteTable": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::RouteTable",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" }
            }
        },
        "Route": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::Route",
            "DependsOn": "AttachGateway",
            "Properties": {
                "RouteTableId": { "Ref": "RouteTable" },
                "DestinationCidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
                "GatewayId": { "Ref": "InternetGateway" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetRouteTableAssociation0": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet0" },
                "RouteTableId": { "Ref": "RouteTable" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetRouteTableAssociation1": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet1" },
                "RouteTableId": { "Ref": "RouteTable" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetRouteTableAssociation2": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation",
            "Condition": "RegionHas3Zones",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet2" },
                "RouteTableId": { "Ref": "RouteTable" }
            }
        },
        "NetworkAcl": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkAcl",
            "Properties": {
                "VpcId": { "Ref": "VPC" }
            }
        },
        "AllowAllInboundTCPAclEntry": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkAclEntry",
            "Properties": {
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" },
                "RuleNumber": "100",
                "Protocol": "6",
                "RuleAction": "allow",
                "Egress": "false",
                "CidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
                "PortRange": { "From": "0", "To": "65535" }
            }
        },
        "AllowAllInboundUDPAclEntry": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkAclEntry",
            "Properties": {
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" },
                "RuleNumber": "101",
                "Protocol": "17",
                "RuleAction": "allow",
                "Egress": "false",
                "CidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
                "PortRange": { "From": "0", "To": "65535" }
            }
        },
        "AllowAllOutboundTCPAclEntry": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkAclEntry",
            "Properties": {
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" },
                "RuleNumber": "100",
                "Protocol": "6",
                "RuleAction": "allow",
                "Egress": "true",
                "CidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
                "PortRange": { "From": "0", "To": "65535" }
            }
        },
        "AllowAllOutboundUDPAclEntry": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::NetworkAclEntry",
            "Properties": {
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" },
                "RuleNumber": "101",
                "Protocol": "17",
                "RuleAction": "allow",
                "Egress": "true",
                "CidrBlock": "0.0.0.0/0",
                "PortRange": { "From": "0", "To": "65535" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetNetworkAclAssociation0": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetNetworkAclAssociation",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet0" },
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetNetworkAclAssociation1": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetNetworkAclAssociation",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet1" },
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" }
            }
        },
        "SubnetNetworkAclAssociation2": {
            "Type": "AWS::EC2::SubnetNetworkAclAssociation",
            "Condition": "RegionHas3Zones",
            "Properties": {
                "SubnetId": { "Ref": "Subnet2" },
                "NetworkAclId": { "Ref": "NetworkAcl" }
            }
        }
    },
    "Outputs": {
        "VPC": {
            "Description": "VPC",
            "Value": { "Ref": "VPC" }
        },
        "VPCSecurityGroup": {
            "Description": "VPC Security Group Id",
            "Value": { "Fn::GetAtt": [ "VPCSecurityGroup", "GroupId" ] }
        },
        "Subnet0": {
            "Description": "Subnet0 Id",
            "Value": { "Ref": "Subnet0" }
        },
        "Subnet1": {
            "Description": "Subnet1 Id",
            "Value": { "Ref": "Subnet1" }
        },
        "Subnet2": {
            "Description": "Subnet2 Id",
            "Condition": "RegionHas3Zones",
            "Value": { "Ref": "Subnet2" }
        }
    }
}

关于c# - 在没有 Web 应用程序的情况下使用 Amazon Elastic Beanstalk 部署 .NET Windows 服务，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24686305/