python - 如何在绘图中添加粗体注释文本

coder 2023-08-18 原文

我想使用 matplotlib 在绘图中制作带注释的文本。我尝试了以下方法:

 a=10.0
 font=matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties()
 font.set_weight('bold')
 text(0,1,":.2f".format(a), fontproperties=font)

我也试过:

 a=10.0
 text(0,1,":.2f".format(a), weight='bold')

它们都不起作用，也不会抛出任何错误。

最小的例子:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def main():
   plt.figure()
   plt.plot([0,1],[0,1])
   plt.text(0.5,0.5,"string",weight="bold")

matplotlib 版本:1.2.1

python 3.3.2

最佳答案

添加注释/文本也适用于 seaborn 轴级绘图，方法相同。
- 对于 seaborn 图形级图，您必须遍历每个轴，但未显示。
粗体文本可以用 .text 或 .annotate 指定
- matplotlib.pyplot.text
  - 使用weight 或fontweight 参数。
- matplotlib.pyplot.annotate ，它使用与 .text 相同的 kwargs。
注意:如果使用 LaTex 字体，plt.rc('text', usetex=True)，weight='bold' 可能没有效果。在这种情况下，使用 LaTex 语法 \textbf{}(例如 plt.text(600000, 20, r'\textbf{2008 Swing-State Counties}'))
在 python 3.10、pandas 1.4.2、matplotlib 3.5.1、seaborn 0.11.2<>

导入、DataFrame 和绘图设置

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
    
swing = pd.read_csv('https://assets.datacamp.com/production/repositories/469/datasets/e079fddb581197780e1a7b7af2aeeff7242535f0/2008_swing_states.csv')
    
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.scatterplot(x='total_votes', y='dem_share', data=swing, hue='state')
plt.xlabel('total votes')
plt.ylabel('% of vote for Obama')
plt.xticks([x for x in range(0, 1000000, 100000)], rotation=40)
plt.yticks([x for x in range(0, 100, 10)])
    
# Create a Rectangle patch
plt.gca().add_patch(Rectangle((400000, 52), 500000, 34, linewidth=1, edgecolor='b', facecolor='none'))
    
plt.gca().add_patch(Rectangle((0, 5), 50000, 45, linewidth=1, edgecolor='r', facecolor='none'))

添加注释

`.annotate` 无粗体

plt.annotate('12 largest counties; most vote for Obama', xy=(650000, 52),
             xytext=(400000, 35), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='b'))

`.annotate` 与 `weight='bold'`

plt.annotate('small counties; most vote for McCain', xy=(50000, 20), weight='bold',
             xytext=(150000, 7), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='r'))

`.text` 与 `weight='bold'`

plt.text(600000, 20, '2008 Swing-State Counties', weight='bold')
plt.show()

最终图片:

原始MRE

也许当时存在错误，但来自 OP 的 MRE 可以正常工作。

def main():
    plt.figure()
    plt.plot([0,1], [0,1])
    plt.text(0.45, 0.6, "with weight", weight="bold")
    plt.text(0.45, 0.35, "with fontweight", fontweight="bold")


main()

通过面向对象的 api 使用 seaborn 轴级图

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 10))
sns.scatterplot(x='total_votes', y='dem_share', data=swing, hue='state', ax=ax)
ax.set_xlabel('total votes')
ax.set_ylabel('% of vote for Obama')
ax.set_xticks([x for x in range(0, 1000000, 100000)], rotation=40)
ax.set_yticks([x for x in range(0, 100, 10)])
    
# Create a Rectangle patch
ax.add_patch(Rectangle((400000, 52), 500000, 34, linewidth=1, edgecolor='b', facecolor='none'))
    
ax.add_patch(Rectangle((0, 5), 50000, 45, linewidth=1, edgecolor='r', facecolor='none'))

ax.annotate('12 largest counties; most vote for Obama', xy=(650000, 52),
             xytext=(400000, 35), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='b'))

ax.annotate('small counties; most vote for McCain', xy=(50000, 20), weight='bold',
             xytext=(150000, 7), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='r'))

ax.text(600000, 20, '2008 Swing-State Counties', weight='bold')
plt.show()

使用 seaborn 图形级绘图

g = sns.relplot(x='total_votes', y='dem_share', data=swing, hue='state', height=10)

# iterate through each axes of the figure-level plot
for ax in g.axes.flat:

    ax.set_xlabel('total votes')
    ax.set_ylabel('% of vote for Obama')
    ax.set_xticks([x for x in range(0, 1000000, 100000)], rotation=40)
    ax.set_yticks([x for x in range(0, 100, 10)])

    # Create a Rectangle patch
    ax.add_patch(Rectangle((400000, 52), 500000, 34, linewidth=1, edgecolor='b', facecolor='none'))

    ax.add_patch(Rectangle((0, 5), 50000, 45, linewidth=1, edgecolor='r', facecolor='none'))

    ax.annotate('12 largest counties; most vote for Obama', xy=(650000, 52),
                 xytext=(400000, 35), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='b'))

    ax.annotate('small counties; most vote for McCain', xy=(50000, 20), weight='bold',
                 xytext=(150000, 7), fontsize=10, arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", color='r'))

    ax.text(600000, 20, '2008 Swing-State Counties', weight='bold')
plt.show()

这是链接失效时的数据。将其复制到剪贴板并使用 df = pd.read_clipboard(sep=',') 读取或创建一个文件并使用 pd.read_csv 读取。

state,county,total_votes,dem_votes,rep_votes,dem_share
PA,Erie County,127691,75775,50351,60.08
PA,Bradford County,25787,10306,15057,40.64
PA,Tioga County,17984,6390,11326,36.07
PA,McKean County,15947,6465,9224,41.21
PA,Potter County,7507,2300,5109,31.04
PA,Wayne County,22835,9892,12702,43.78
PA,Susquehanna County,19286,8381,10633,44.08
PA,Warren County,18517,8537,9685,46.85
OH,Ashtabula County,44874,25027,18949,56.94
OH,Lake County,121335,60155,59142,50.46
PA,Crawford County,38134,16780,20750,44.71
OH,Lucas County,219830,142852,73706,65.99
OH,Fulton County,21973,9900,11689,45.88
OH,Geauga County,51102,21250,29096,42.23
OH,Williams County,18397,8174,9880,45.26
PA,Wyoming County,13138,5985,6983,46.15
PA,Lackawanna County,107876,67520,39488,63.1
PA,Elk County,14271,7290,6676,52.2
PA,Forest County,2444,1038,1366,43.18
PA,Venango County,23307,9238,13718,40.24
OH,Erie County,41229,23148,17432,57.01
OH,Wood County,65022,34285,29648,53.61
PA,Cameron County,2245,879,1323,39.92
PA,Pike County,24284,11493,12518,47.87
PA,Lycoming County,49237,18381,30280,37.77
PA,Sullivan County,3120,1233,1841,40.11
OH,Lorain County,146859,85276,59068,59.1
OH,Trumbull County,106911,64145,40164,61.48
PA,Mercer County,53821,26411,26565,49.85
OH,Henry County,14840,6320,8239,43.43
PA,Clinton County,14791,7097,7504,48.61
PA,Clarion County,17766,6756,10737,38.62
PA,Luzerne County,135175,72492,61127,54.25
OH,Defiance County,19195,8399,10407,44.69
PA,Jefferson County,18802,6447,12057,34.84
OH,Portage County,78206,41856,34822,54.59
PA,Columbia County,28063,13230,14477,47.75
OH,Huron County,25582,12076,12884,48.36
OH,Medina County,90451,40924,48189,45.89
OH,Seneca County,27449,13087,13823,48.62
PA,Clearfield County,33813,14555,18662,43.82
PA,Centre County,75763,41950,32992,55.97
PA,Monroe County,68443,39453,28293,58.23
OH,Paulding County,9769,4165,5317,43.92
PA,Northumberland County,33939,14329,19018,42.97
PA,Montour County,8023,3364,4574,42.38
PA,Butler County,90425,32260,57074,36.11
PA,Armstrong County,30081,11138,18542,37.53
OH,Hancock County,36981,13870,22420,38.23
OH,Putnam County,18680,5281,13072,28.79
PA,Union County,17400,7333,9859,42.65
OH,Mahoning County,127032,79173,45319,63.57
PA,Carbon County,26923,13464,12957,50.96
PA,Lawrence County,42103,19711,21851,47.43
OH,Ashland County,25168,9300,15158,38.07
OH,Crawford County,21173,8288,12316,40.18
OH,Richland County,61122,25727,34034,43.05
OH,Wyandot County,10977,4461,6270,41.56
OH,Wayne County,52142,21712,29342,42.49
OH,Van Wert County,14652,5178,9168,36.06
OH,Stark County,187545,96990,86743,52.76
PA,Northampton County,135587,75255,58551,56.24
PA,Schuylkill County,63057,28300,33767,45.6
OH,Columbiana County,48487,21882,25585,46.07
OH,Allen County,50263,19522,29940,39.43
PA,Indiana County,37302,17065,19727,46.39
PA,Snyder County,15479,5382,9900,35.22
PA,Beaver County,84488,40499,42895,48.56
PA,Mifflin County,16502,5375,10929,32.97
OH,Hardin County,13114,5013,7749,39.26
PA,Lehigh County,152473,87089,63382,57.88
PA,Huntingdon County,18632,6621,11745,36.05
PA,Blair County,53102,19813,32708,37.72
OH,Carroll County,13953,6423,7097,47.47
OH,Mercer County,21271,5853,15100,27.92
PA,Cambria County,65670,32451,31995,50.36
OH,Morrow County,16643,6177,10067,38.01
OH,Marion County,29017,12870,15454,45.45
PA,Juniata County,9711,3068,6484,32.12
OH,Auglaize County,23486,6727,16395,29.07
PA,Westmoreland County,176873,72721,102294,41.55
PA,Berks County,180000,97047,80513,54.66
PA,Allegheny County,651436,373153,272347,57.81
OH,Holmes County,11113,3141,7720,28.94
OH,Tuscarawas County,42950,21498,20454,51.28
PA,Dauphin County,129529,69975,58238,54.58
PA,Perry County,19745,6396,13058,32.88
PA,Bucks County,332924,179031,150248,54.37
OH,Jefferson County,35939,17635,17559,50.1
OH,Knox County,28231,11014,16640,39.84
PA,Lebanon County,58297,23310,34314,40.45
OH,Logan County,22217,7936,13848,36.43
OH,Union County,24928,8761,15744,35.71
OH,Shelby County,23668,7317,15924,31.47
PA,Washington County,98047,46122,50752,47.61
OH,Coshocton County,16863,7689,8675,47.01
PA,Montgomery County,422419,253393,165552,60.49
OH,Delaware County,92416,36653,54778,40.1
OH,Harrison County,7787,3683,3872,48.76
OH,Darke County,25793,7964,17290,31.56
PA,Cumberland County,113304,48306,63739,43.11
PA,Bedford County,22443,6059,16124,27.32
PA,Lancaster County,228137,99586,126568,44.03
PA,Franklin County,63641,21169,41906,33.56
PA,Somerset County,35168,12878,21686,37.26
OH,Champaign County,18887,7385,11141,39.86
PA,Chester County,254354,137833,114421,54.64
PA,York County,194210,82839,109268,43.12
OH,Guernsey County,17325,7625,9197,45.31
OH,Miami County,52807,18372,33417,35.47
OH,Belmont County,32411,16302,15422,51.38
OH,Muskingum County,39071,17730,20549,46.33
PA,Fulton County,6306,1576,4642,25.34
PA,Fayette County,52560,25866,26081,49.79
PA,Philadelphia County,717329,595980,117221,83.56
PA,Adams County,44491,17633,26349,40.09
PA,Delaware County,297004,178870,115273,60.81
OH,Clark County,66770,31958,33634,48.73
PA,Greene County,15976,7829,7889,49.81
OH,Noble County,6172,2474,3450,41.77
OH,Fairfield County,71945,29250,41580,41.32
OH,Perry County,15404,7261,7721,48.46
OH,Montgomery County,278511,145997,128679,53.14
OH,Preble County,21002,6999,13562,34.01
OH,Monroe County,6982,3705,3066,54.74
OH,Greene County,83589,33540,48936,40.67
OH,Pickaway County,23726,9077,14228,38.96
OH,Morgan County,6608,2966,3440,46.29
OH,Fayette County,11694,4401,7102,38.25
OH,Washington County,18802,1238,17019,6.8
OH,Warren County,106216,33398,71691,31.75
OH,Ross County,31840,14455,16759,46.33
OH,Vinton County,5646,2463,3021,44.9
OH,Clermont County,95480,31611,62559,33.57
OH,Brown County,20113,7503,12192,38.1
OH,Jackson County,13993,5397,8219,39.67
OH,Meigs County,10354,4094,6015,40.47
OH,Pike County,12506,6033,6162,49.44
OH,Adams County,11388,4170,6914,37.62
OH,Gallia County,13318,4777,8247,36.71
OH,Scioto County,32571,14926,16994,46.73
OH,Lawrence County,27194,11262,15415,42.2
FL,Jackson County,21565,7671,13717,35.86
FL,Escambia County,154447,61572,91411,40.25
FL,Santa Rosa County,76185,19470,55972,25.81
FL,Okaloosa County,95529,25872,68789,27.33
FL,Holmes County,8589,1446,7033,17.06
FL,Walton County,27046,7174,19561,26.84
FL,Washington County,11131,2863,8178,25.93
FL,Nassau County,38304,10618,27403,27.93
FL,Gadsden County,22510,15582,6811,69.58
FL,Leon County,148608,91747,55705,62.23
FL,Jefferson County,7957,4088,3797,51.85
FL,Madison County,8907,4270,4544,48.44
FL,Hamilton County,5587,2364,3179,42.65
FL,Calhoun County,6244,1821,4345,29.53
FL,Liberty County,3278,895,2339,27.67
FL,Columbia County,28128,9171,18670,32.94
FL,Duval County,415761,202618,210537,49.04
FL,Baker County,11059,2327,8672,21.15
FL,Bay County,81127,23653,56683,29.45
FL,Suwannee County,17662,4916,12534,28.17
FL,Taylor County,9366,2803,6457,30.27
FL,Wakulla County,14376,5311,8877,37.43
FL,Lafayette County,3359,642,2679,19.33
FL,Saint Johns County,105844,35791,69222,34.08
FL,Gulf County,7205,2149,4980,30.15
FL,Clay County,94577,26697,67203,28.43
FL,Bradford County,11676,3430,8136,29.66
FL,Union County,5293,1300,3940,24.81
FL,Franklin County,6029,2134,3818,35.86
FL,Alachua County,125519,75565,48513,60.9
FL,Gilchrist County,7819,1996,5656,26.09
FL,Putnam County,33171,13236,19637,40.26
FL,Dixie County,7264,1925,5194,27.04
FL,Flagler County,49031,24726,23951,50.8
FL,Levy County,18725,6711,11754,36.35
FL,Marion County,162022,70839,89628,44.14
FL,Volusia County,243824,127795,113938,52.86
FL,Lake County,146926,62948,82802,43.19
FL,Citrus County,76158,31460,43706,41.85
FL,Sumter County,48868,17655,30866,36.39
FL,Seminole County,205895,99335,105070,48.6
FL,Brevard County,287859,127620,157589,44.74
FL,Orange County,462711,273009,186832,59.37
FL,Hernando County,87901,41886,45021,48.19
FL,Pasco County,214866,102417,110104,48.2
FL,Polk County,244833,113865,128878,46.91
FL,Osceola County,100670,59962,40086,59.93
FL,Pinellas County,463282,248299,210066,54.17
FL,Hillsborough County,513312,272963,236355,53.59
FL,Indian River County,70591,29710,40176,42.52
FL,Highlands County,44783,18135,26221,40.89
FL,Hardee County,7412,2568,4763,35.03
FL,Manatee County,151994,70034,80721,46.46
FL,Okeechobee County,12786,5108,7561,40.32
FL,Saint Lucie County,120579,67125,52512,56.11
FL,Sarasota County,207353,102686,102897,49.95
FL,DeSoto County,10131,4383,5632,43.76
FL,Martin County,78294,33508,44143,43.15
FL,Glades County,3358,1381,1938,41.61
FL,Charlotte County,85158,39031,45205,46.34
FL,Palm Beach County,590500,361271,226037,61.51
FL,Hendry County,10879,4998,5780,46.37
FL,Lee County,269276,119701,147608,44.78
FL,Collier County,141988,54450,86379,38.66
FL,Broward County,733899,492640,237729,67.45
FL,Miami-Dade County,863486,499831,360551,58.09
FL,Monroe County,40272,20907,18933,52.48
OH,Ottawa County,23069,12049,10618,53.16
OH,Sandusky County,30373,15601,14190,52.4
OH,Summit County,269059,155105,110499,58.36
OH,Athens County,31098,20722,9742,68.02
OH,Butler County,173777,66030,105341,38.53
OH,Clinton County,19305,6558,12409,34.58
OH,Cuyahoga County,665352,458422,199880,69.64
OH,Franklin County,560325,334709,218486,60.5
OH,Hamilton County,425086,225213,195530,53.53
OH,Highland County,19186,6856,11907,36.54
OH,Hocking County,12961,6259,6364,49.58
OH,Licking County,82356,33932,46918,41.97
OH,Madison County,17454,6532,10606,38.11

关于python - 如何在绘图中添加粗体注释文本，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36162414/

图中何在 County code 39 python matplotlib seaborn

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