让 x 是之前已初始化的某种类型的变量。是下面这行:
x = std::move(x)
未定义?这在标准中的什么地方以及它是怎么说的?
最佳答案
不,这不是未定义的行为,它将是实现定义的行为,这取决于移动分配的实现方式。
与此相关的是LWG issue 2468: Self-move-assignment of library types ,请注意这是一个活跃的问题并且没有官方提案,因此这应该被认为是指示性的而不是确定性的,但它确实指出了标准库所涉及的部分并指出它们当前存在冲突。它说:
Suppose we write
vector<string> v{"a", "b", "c", "d"}; v = move(v);What should be the state of v be? The standard doesn't say anything specific about self-move-assignment. There's relevant text in several parts of the standard, and it's not clear how to reconcile them.
[...]
It's not clear from the text how to put these pieces together, because it's not clear which one takes precedence. Maybe 17.6.4.9 [res.on.arguments] wins (it imposes an implicit precondition that isn't mentioned in the MoveAssignable requirements, so v = move(v) is undefined), or maybe 23.2.1 [container.requirements.general] wins (it explicitly gives additional guarantees for Container::operator= beyond what's guaranteed for library functions in general, so v = move(v) is a no-op), or maybe something else.
On the existing implementations that I checked, for what it's worth, v = move(v) appeared to clear the vector; it didn't leave the vector unchanged and it didn't cause a crash.
并提议:
Informally: change the MoveAssignable and Container requirements tables (and any other requirements tables that mention move assignment, if any) to make it explicit that x = move(x) is defined behavior and it leaves x in a valid but unspecified state. That's probably not what the standard says today, but it's probably what we intended and it's consistent with what we've told users and with what implementations actually do.
注意,对于内置类型,这基本上是一个拷贝,我们可以从草案 C++14 标准部分 5.17 [expr.ass] 中看到: p>
In simple assignment (=), the value of the expression replaces that of the object referred to by the left operand.
这与类的情况不同,其中 5.17 说:
If the left operand is of class type, the class shall be complete. Assignment to objects of a class is defined by the copy/move assignment operator (12.8, 13.5.3).
注意,clang 有一个 self move warning :
Log: Add a new warning, -Wself-move, to Clang.
-Wself-move is similiar to -Wself-assign. This warning is triggered when a value is attempted to be moved to itself. See r221008 for a bug that would have been caught with this warning.
关于c++ - x = std::move(x) 未定义吗?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31547466/
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