我使用第三方库 SDWebImage 为我的 UITableView 单元格下载图像，UIImageView 是在单元格中创建的，并在像这样配置单元格时触发请求。

[imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:imageUrl] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"default.jpg"] completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {
    }];

它工作正常，但是当我快速滚动时，大多数图像没有完全下载(我可以在 charles 中看到)，因为图像没有缓存。即使我的单元格被重复使用，我如何缓存已发送的请求，以便相同的请求不会多次发送。

请忽略任何拼写错误:)

最佳答案

有效的iOS 10，不再需要我原来答案的手动预取代码。只需设置一个 prefetchDataSource。例如，在 Swift 3 中:

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    tableView.prefetchDataSource = self
}

然后有一个 prefetchRowsAtIndexPaths，它使用 SDWebImagePrefetcher 来获取行

extension ViewController: UITableViewDataSourcePrefetching {
    public func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, prefetchRowsAt indexPaths: [IndexPath]) {
        let urls = indexPaths.map { baseURL.appendingPathComponent(images[$0.row]) }
        SDWebImagePrefetcher.shared().prefetchURLs(urls)
    }
}

您可以使用标准的cellForRowAt:

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
    let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "Cell", for: indexPath)
    let url = baseURL.appendingPathComponent(images[indexPath.row])
    cell.imageView?.sd_setImage(with: url, placeholderImage: placeholder)
    return cell
}

就我个人而言，我更喜欢 AlamofireImage。所以 UITableViewDataSourcePrefetching 略有不同

extension ViewController: UITableViewDataSourcePrefetching {
    public func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, prefetchRowsAt indexPaths: [IndexPath]) {
        let requests = indexPaths.map { URLRequest(url: baseURL.appendingPathComponent(images[$0.row])) }
        AlamofireImage.ImageDownloader.default.download(requests)
    }
}

显然，cellForRowAt 将使用 af_setImage:

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
    let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "Cell", for: indexPath)
    let url = baseURL.appendingPathComponent(images[indexPath.row])
    cell.imageView?.af_setImage(withURL: url, placeholderImage: placeholder)
    return cell
}

我下面的原始答案显示，对于 Objective-C，您可以如何在 iOS 10 之前的版本中执行此操作(我们必须在其中进行自己的预取计算)。

这种取消不再可见的单元格下载的行为正是使异步图像检索在您快速滚动时保持如此响应的原因，即使互联网连接速度较慢也是如此。例如，如果您快速向下滚动到 TableView 的第 100 个单元格，您真的不希望该图像检索积压在前面 99 行(不再可见)的图像检索之后。我建议单独保留 UIImageView 类别，但如果您想为可能滚动到的单元格预取图像，请改用 SDWebImagePrefetcher。

例如，在我调用 reloadData 的地方，我还预取了紧邻当前可见单元格前后的十个单元格的图像:

[self.tableView reloadData];
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
    [self prefetchImagesForTableView:self.tableView];
});

同样，每当我停止滚动时，我都会这样做:

- (void)scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {
    [self prefetchImagesForTableView:self.tableView];
}

- (void)scrollViewDidEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView willDecelerate:(BOOL)decelerate {
    if (!decelerate)
        [self prefetchImagesForTableView:self.tableView];
}

就我如何预取前后十个单元格而言，我是这样做的:

#pragma mark - Prefetch cells

static NSInteger const kPrefetchRowCount = 10;

/** Prefetch a certain number of images for rows prior to and subsequent to the currently visible cells
 *
 * @param  tableView   The tableview for which we're going to prefetch images.
 */

- (void)prefetchImagesForTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
    NSArray *indexPaths = [self.tableView indexPathsForVisibleRows];
    if ([indexPaths count] == 0) return;

    NSIndexPath *minimumIndexPath = indexPaths[0];
    NSIndexPath *maximumIndexPath = [indexPaths lastObject];

    // they should be sorted already, but if not, update min and max accordingly

    for (NSIndexPath *indexPath in indexPaths) {
        if ([minimumIndexPath compare:indexPath] == NSOrderedDescending)
            minimumIndexPath = indexPath;
        if ([maximumIndexPath compare:indexPath] == NSOrderedAscending)
            maximumIndexPath = indexPath;
    }

    // build array of imageURLs for cells to prefetch

    NSMutableArray<NSIndexPath *> *prefetchIndexPaths = [NSMutableArray array];

    NSArray<NSIndexPath *> *precedingRows = [self tableView:tableView indexPathsForPrecedingRows:kPrefetchRowCount fromIndexPath:minimumIndexPath];
    [prefetchIndexPaths addObjectsFromArray:precedingRows];

    NSArray<NSIndexPath *> *followingRows = [self tableView:tableView indexPathsForFollowingRows:kPrefetchRowCount fromIndexPath:maximumIndexPath];
    [prefetchIndexPaths addObjectsFromArray:followingRows];

    // build array of imageURLs for cells to prefetch (how you get the image URLs will vary based upon your implementation)

    NSMutableArray<NSURL *> *urls = [NSMutableArray array];
    for (NSIndexPath *indexPath in prefetchIndexPaths) {
        NSURL *url = self.objects[indexPath.row].imageURL;
        if (url) {
            [urls addObject:url];
        }
    }

    // now prefetch

    if ([urls count] > 0) {
        [[SDWebImagePrefetcher sharedImagePrefetcher] prefetchURLs:urls];
    }
}

/** Retrieve NSIndexPath for a certain number of rows preceding particular NSIndexPath in the table view.
 *
 * @param  tableView  The tableview for which we're going to retrieve indexPaths.
 * @param  count      The number of rows to retrieve
 * @param  indexPath  The indexPath where we're going to start (presumably the first visible indexPath)
 *
 * @return            An array of indexPaths.
 */

- (NSArray<NSIndexPath *> *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView indexPathsForPrecedingRows:(NSInteger)count fromIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    NSMutableArray *indexPaths = [NSMutableArray array];
    NSInteger row = indexPath.row;
    NSInteger section = indexPath.section;

    for (NSInteger i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        if (row == 0) {
            if (section == 0) {
                return indexPaths;
            } else {
                section--;
                row = [tableView numberOfRowsInSection:section] - 1;
            }
        } else {
            row--;
        }
        [indexPaths addObject:[NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:row inSection:section]];
    }

    return indexPaths;
}

/** Retrieve NSIndexPath for a certain number of following particular NSIndexPath in the table view.
 *
 * @param  tableView  The tableview for which we're going to retrieve indexPaths.
 * @param  count      The number of rows to retrieve
 * @param  indexPath  The indexPath where we're going to start (presumably the last visible indexPath)
 *
 * @return            An array of indexPaths.
 */

- (NSArray<NSIndexPath *> *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView indexPathsForFollowingRows:(NSInteger)count fromIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
    NSMutableArray *indexPaths = [NSMutableArray array];
    NSInteger row = indexPath.row;
    NSInteger section = indexPath.section;
    NSInteger rowCountForSection = [tableView numberOfRowsInSection:section];

    for (NSInteger i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        row++;
        if (row == rowCountForSection) {
            row = 0;
            section++;
            if (section == [tableView numberOfSections]) {
                return indexPaths;
            }
            rowCountForSection = [tableView numberOfRowsInSection:section];
        }
        [indexPaths addObject:[NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:row inSection:section]];
    }

    return indexPaths;
}

关于ios - 在重用 UITableViewCell 时使用 SDWebImage 处理图像下载，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23818055/