我正在尝试使用脚本自动备份卷。

我遵循在 github 上找到的这个 EBS-Snapshot.sh 脚本:

#!/bin/bash

# export EC2_HOME='/etc/ec2'  # Make sure you use the API tools, not the AMI tools
# export EC2_BIN=$EC2_HOME/bin
# export PATH=$PATH:$EC2_BIN
# I know all of the above is good to have solution, but not re-usable
# I have captured all of the above in a particular file and lemme execute it
source /etc/environment

PURGE_SNAPSHOT_IN_DAYS=10

EC2_BIN=$EC2_HOME/bin

# store the certificates and private key to your amazon account
MY_CERT='/path/to/certificate-file'
MY_KEY='/path/to/private-file'
# fetching the instance-id from the metadata repository
MY_INSTANCE_ID='your ec2-instance-id'

# temproary file
TMP_FILE='/tmp/rock-ebs-info.txt'

# get list of locally attached volumes via EC2 API:
$EC2_BIN/ec2-describe-volumes -C $MY_CERT -K $MY_KEY > $TMP_FILE
VOLUME_LIST=$(cat $TMP_FILE | grep ${MY_INSTANCE_ID} | awk '{ print $2 }')

sync

#create the snapshots
echo "Create EBS Volume Snapshot - Process started at $(date +%m-%d-%Y-%T)"
echo ""
echo $VOLUME_LIST
for volume in $(echo $VOLUME_LIST); do
   NAME=$(cat $TMP_FILE | grep Name | grep $volume | awk '{ print $5 }')
   DESC=$NAME-$(date +%m-%d-%Y)
   echo "Creating Snapshot for the volume: $volume with description: $DESC"
   echo "Snapshot info below:"
   $EC2_BIN/ec2-create-snapshot -C $MY_CERT -K $MY_KEY -d $DESC $volume
   echo ""
done

echo "Process ended at $(date +%m-%d-%Y-%T)"
echo ""

rm -f $TMP_FILE

#remove those snapshot which are $PURGE_SNAPSHOT_IN_DAYS old

我有两个用于 X509 身份验证的文件和实例 ID，但我不了解脚本以及如何参数化我要备份的卷。

我不明白第一行(来源)和 EC2_BIN。 使用该配置，它会列出所有卷并制作所有这些卷的快照...

对于快照的评论，我该如何更改这一行以添加文本？​​

DESC=$NAME-$(date +%m-%d-%Y)

很抱歉我是个初学者，但我不明白整个脚本

编辑:

我在使用新代码时遇到此错误:

Creating Snapshot for the volume: ([ec2-describe-volumes]) with description: -03-13-2012 Snapshot info below: Client.InvalidParameterValue: Value (([ec2-describe-volumes])) for parameter volumeId is invalid. Expected: 'vol-...'. Process ended at 03-13-2012-08:11:35 –

这是代码:

#!/bin/bash

#Java home for debian default install path:
export JAVA_HOME=/usr
#add ec2 tools to default path
#export PATH=~/.ec2/bin:$PATH


#export EC2_HOME='/etc/ec2'  # Make sure you use the API tools, not the AMI tools
export EC2_BIN=/usr/bin/
#export PATH=$PATH:$EC2_BIN
# I know all of the above is good to have solution, but not re-usable
# I have captured all of the above in a particular file and lemme execute it
source /etc/environment

PURGE_SNAPSHOT_IN_DAYS=60

#EC2_BIN=$EC2_HOME/bin

# store the certificates and private key to your amazon account
MY_CERT='cert-xx.pem'
MY_KEY='pk-xx.pem'
# fetching the instance-id from the metadata repository

MY_INSTANCE_ID=`curl http://169.254.169.254/1.0/meta-data/instance-id`

# temproary file
TMP_FILE='/tmp/rock-ebs-info.txt'

# get list of locally attached volumes via EC2 API:
$EC2_BIN/ec2-describe-volumes -C $MY_CERT -K $MY_KEY > $TMP_FILE

#VOLUME_LIST=$(cat $TMP_FILE | grep ${MY_INSTANCE_ID} | awk '{ print $2 }')
VOLUME_LIST=(`ec2-describe-volumes --filter attachment.instance-id=$MY_INSTANCE_ID | awk '{ print $2 }'`)

sync

#create the snapshots
echo "Create EBS Volume Snapshot - Process started at $(date +%m-%d-%Y-%T)"
echo ""
echo $VOLUME_LIST
echo "-------------"
for volume in $(echo $VOLUME_LIST); do
   NAME=$(cat $TMP_FILE | grep Name | grep $volume | awk '{ print $5 }')
   DESC=$NAME-$(date +%m-%d-%Y)
   echo "Creating Snapshot for the volume: $volume with description: $DESC"
   echo "Snapshot info below:"
   $EC2_BIN/ec2-create-snapshot -C $MY_CERT -K $MY_KEY -d $DESC $volume
   echo ""
done

echo "Process ended at $(date +%m-%d-%Y-%T)"
echo ""

rm -f $TMP_FILE

#remove those snapshot which are $PURGE_SNAPSHOT_IN_DAYS old

最佳答案

上述解决方案对我来说并不完全有效。在与亚马逊支持人员聊了几个小时之后，我现在有了这个工作脚本，它将始终创建附加到当前实例的所有卷的快照:

#!/bin/bash

# Set Environment Variables as cron doesn't load them
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
export EC2_HOME=/usr
export EC2_BIN=/usr/bin/
export PATH=$PATH:$EC2_HOME/bin
export EC2_CERT=/home/ubuntu/.ec2/cert-SDFRTWFASDFQFEF.pem
export EC2_PRIVATE_KEY=/home/ubuntu/.ec2/pk-SDFRTWFASDFQFEF.pem
export EC2_URL=https://eu-west-1.ec2.amazonaws.com # Setup your availability zone here

# Get instance id of the current server instance
MY_INSTANCE_ID=$(curl -s http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
# get list of locally attached volumes 
VOLUMES=$(ec2-describe-volumes | grep ${MY_INSTANCE_ID} | awk '{ print $2 }')
echo "Instance-Id: $MY_INSTANCE_ID" 

    # Create a snapshot for all locally attached volumes
    LOG_FILE=/home/ubuntu/ebsbackup/ebsbackup.log
    echo "********** Starting backup for instance $MY_INSTANCE_ID" >> $LOG_FILE
    for VOLUME in $(echo $VOLUMES); do
        echo "Backup Volume:   $VOLUME" >> $LOG_FILE
        ec2-consistent-snapshot --aws-access-key-id ASDASDASDASD --aws-secret-access-key asdfdsfasdfasdfasdfasdf --mysql --mysql-host localhost --mysql-username root --mysql-password asdfasdfasdfasdfd --description "Backup ($MY_INSTANCE_ID) $(date +'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')" --region eu-west-1 $VOLUME
done
echo "********** Ran backup: $(date)" >> $LOG_FILE
echo "Completed"

我在/etc/cron.d/ebsbackup 中设置了一个 cronjob

01 * * * * ubuntu /home/ubuntu/.ec2/myscriptname

这对我来说非常有用...:-)

希望对你有帮助， 塞巴斯蒂安

关于linux - 如何自动快照 Amazon EC2 实例的卷？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9667390/