在 Beta、Paul R 和 Sjoerd(谢谢大家!)的帮助下,我一直在大量重构我的 makefile。
以下是我的 STARTING 产品:
#Nice, wonderful makefile written by Jason
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-c -Wall
BASE_DIR:=.
SOURCE_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/source
BUILD_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/build
TEST_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/build/tests
MAKEFILE_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/makefiles
DATA_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/data
DATA_DIR_TESTS:=$(DATA_DIR)/tests
MOLECULE_UT_SOURCES := $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_test/main.cc \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
MOLECULE_UT_DATA := \
$(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/par_oxalate_and_friends.inp \
$(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/dicarboxy-octane_4.pdb \
$(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/dicarboxy-octane_4.psf
PARAM_UT_SOURCES := $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_test/main.cc \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.cpp \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
PARAM_UT_DATA := $(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/par_oxalate_and_friends.inp
molecule_test : molecule_test_prepare_sources molecule_test_prepare_makefiles \
molecule_test_prepare_data_files
@$(shell cd $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/; \
make ./bin/molecule_test)
molecule_test_prepare_sources: molecule_test_dir
@echo Copying sources...
@cp --preserve $(MOLECULE_UT_SOURCES) \
$(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/source
molecule_test_prepare_makefiles: $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.molecule_test
@cp --preserve $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.molecule_test \
$(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/Makefile
molecule_test_prepare_data_files:
cp --preserve $(MOLECULE_UT_DATA) $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/bin/
molecule_test_dir:
@if test -d $(BUILD_DIR); then \
echo Build exists...; \
else \
echo Build directory does not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR); then \
echo Tests exists...; \
else \
echo Tests directory does not exist, making tests dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR); \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test; then \
echo Molecule unit test directory exists...; \
else \
echo Molecule unit test directory does \
not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/source; then \
echo Molecule unit test source directory exists...; \
else \
echo Molecule unit test source directory does \
not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/source; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/obj; then \
echo Molecule unit test object directory exists...; \
else \
echo Molecule unit test object directory does \
not exist, making object dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/obj; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/bin; then \
echo Molecule unit test executable directory exists...; \
else \
echo Molecule unit test executable directory does \
not exist, making executable dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/bin; \
fi
param_test : param_test_prepare_sources param_test_prepare_makefiles \
param_test_prepare_data_files
@$(shell cd $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/; \
make ./bin/param_test)
param_test_prepare_sources: param_test_dir
@echo Copying sources...
@cp --preserve $(PARAM_UT_SOURCES) $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/source
param_test_prepare_makefiles: $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.param_test
@cp --preserve $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.param_test \
$(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/Makefile
param_test_prepare_data_files:
cp --preserve $(PARAM_UT_DATA) $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/bin/
param_test_dir:
@if test -d $(BUILD_DIR); then \
echo Build exists...; \
else \
echo Build directory does not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(BUILD_DIR); \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR); then \
echo Tests exists...; \
else \
echo Tests directory does not exist, making tests dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR); \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test; then \
echo Param unit test directory exists...; \
else \
echo Param unit test directory does \
not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/source; then \
echo Param unit test source directory exists...; \
else \
echo Param unit test source directory does \
not exist, making build dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/source; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/obj; then \
echo Param unit test object directory exists...; \
else \
echo Param unit test object directory does \
not exist, making object dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/obj; \
fi
@if test -d $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/bin; then \
echo Param unit test executable directory exists...; \
else \
echo Param unit test executable directory does \
not exist, making executable dir...; \
mkdir $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/bin; \
fi
...和子生成文件:
#Nice, wonderful makefile written by Jason
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-c -Wall
SOURCE_DIR:=./source
OBJ_DIR:=./obj
EXE_DIR:=./bin
$(EXE_DIR)/molecule_test : $(OBJ_DIR)/main.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/parser.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o
@$(CC) $(OBJ_DIR)/main.o $(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/parser.o $(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o \
-o molecule_test
@mv molecule_test $(EXE_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/main.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h $(SOURCE_DIR)/main.cc
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/main.cc
@mv main.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.cpp
@mv molecule_reader.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.cpp
@mv molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.cpp
@mv molecule_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.cpp
@mv molecule_manager_main.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.h \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.cpp
@mv parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager.cpp
@mv parameter_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/parser.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.h
@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/parser.cpp
@mv parser.o $(OBJ_DIR)/
$(OBJ_DIR)/common.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
mv common.h.gch $(OBJ_DIR)/
在上述用户的帮助下,以及我自己想出的一些巧妙的技巧(比如使用通配符),我对 makefile 进行了大量重构,并为后代添加了注释。
这是顶级结果:
####################################################
## -------------------------------
## - Monte Carlo Source Makefile -
## -------------------------------
##
## Author: Jason R. Mick
## Date: July 7, 2010
## Company: Wayne State University
##
## CHANGE LOG
## Author Date Description
##
##
##
####################################################
#################################
# These lines set up some basic vars
# such as compiler, flags, and dirs.
#################################
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-c -Wall
BASE_DIR:=.
SOURCE_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/source
BUILD_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/build
TEST_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/build/tests
MAKEFILE_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/makefiles
DATA_DIR:=$(BASE_DIR)/data
DATA_DIR_TESTS:=$(DATA_DIR)/tests
#################################
# Note use of wildcards to catch *.h and *.cpp files and all the sub_classes
# ... for future unit tests/classes, follow this approach, please
#################################
MOLECULE_UT_SOURCES := $(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_test/main.cc \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_manager* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/molecule_reader* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
MOLECULE_UT_DATA := \
$(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/par_oxalate_and_friends.inp \
$(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/dicarboxy-octane_4.*
PARAM_UT_SOURCES := $(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_test/main.cc \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parameter_manager* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/parser* \
$(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
PARAM_UT_DATA := $(DATA_DIR_TESTS)/molecule_test/par_oxalate_and_friends.inp
#################################
# Use sub-make inside subdirectory on test target
# NOTE: @ silences output of this call...
#################################
molecule_test : molecule_test_prepare_sources molecule_test_prepare_makefiles \
molecule_test_prepare_data_files
@$(MAKE) -C $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/ ./bin/molecule_test
#################################
# NOTE: this target uses --preserve to keep base source modification date
# to prevent unnecessary rebuilds
#################################
molecule_test_prepare_sources: molecule_test_dir
@echo Copying sources...
@cp --preserve $(MOLECULE_UT_SOURCES) \
$(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/source
molecule_test_prepare_makefiles: $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.molecule_test
@cp --preserve $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.molecule_test \
$(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/Makefile
molecule_test_prepare_data_files:
@cp --preserve $(MOLECULE_UT_DATA) $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/bin/
#################################
# NOTE: This mkdir command uses -p flag to create any missing parent dirs.
# If all dirs already exist, it also returns no error...
#################################
molecule_test_dir:
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/source
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/obj
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/molecule_unit_test/bin
param_test : param_test_prepare_sources param_test_prepare_makefiles \
param_test_prepare_data_files
@$(MAKE) -C $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/ ./bin/param_test
param_test_prepare_sources: param_test_dir
@echo Copying sources...
@cp --preserve $(PARAM_UT_SOURCES) $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/source
param_test_prepare_makefiles: $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.param_test
@cp --preserve $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/Makefile.param_test \
$(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/Makefile
param_test_prepare_data_files:
@cp --preserve $(PARAM_UT_DATA) $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/bin/
param_test_dir:
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/source
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/obj
mkdir -p $(TEST_DIR)/param_unit_test/bin
这是子 makefile 结果:
####################################################
## -------------------------------
## - Monte Carlo Source Submake -
## -------------------------------
##
## Author: Jason R. Mick
## Date: July 7, 2010
## Company: Wayne State University
##
## CHANGE LOG
## Author Date Description
##
##
##
####################################################
################################
# These lines set up some basic vars
# such as compiler, flags, and dirs.
################################
CC=g++
CFLAGS=-c -Wall
SOURCE_DIR:=./source
INCDIRS := -I$(SOURCE_DIR)
OBJ_DIR:=./obj
EXE_DIR:=./bin
################################
#This line tells make what directories to search in for rules...
################################
VPATH = $(SOURCE_DIR)
################################
# INFO on the "magic" here:
#$^ is all the prerequisite (.o files), $@ is target, and % is wildcard
################################
$(EXE_DIR)/molecule_test : $(OBJ_DIR)/main.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/parser.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager.o $(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o
$(CC) $^ -o $@
################################
# These are extra includes for the general
# rule at the end....
################################
$(OBJ_DIR)/main.o $(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader.o \
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o: \
molecule_manager.h \
molecule_manager_main.h \
parameter_manager.h \
parameter_manager_lj_molecule.h
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_manager_main.o: molecule_manager.h
$(OBJ_DIR)/parameter_manager_lj_molecule.o: parser.h
$(OBJ_DIR)/molecule_reader_psf_pdb.o: molecule_reader.h
################################
# Special rule for main object
################################
$(OBJ_DIR)/main.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/main.cc \
molecule_reader.h \
molecule_reader_psf_pdb.h common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) $< -o $@
################################
# The GENERAL RULE for objects...
# INFO on the "magic" here:
#$< is the first prerequisite (.cpp file), $@ is target, and % is wildcard
################################
$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SOURCE_DIR)/%.cpp $(SOURCE_DIR)/%.h $(SOURCE_DIR)/common.h
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) $< -o $@
...基本上我很满意,一切正常,干净,有据可查,但我想看看是否有其他人对我应该为“最佳实践”等而改变的事情提出建议。我正在努力尽我所能学习!!提前致谢!!
干杯, 杰森
最佳答案
我会重新考虑递归调用 make,而不是 @include 主 makefile 中的子 makefile。让依赖关系正常工作要容易得多,并且它允许您利用多个内核进行构建(使用 -j)。看看Recursive Make Considered Harmful 对于所有血淋淋的细节。
另外,看看这些问题:
What is your experience with non recursive make?
Recursive make friend or foe
关于c++ - Makefile 改头换面——几乎完成,希望得到反馈,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3207642/
我的瘦服务器配置了nginx,我的ROR应用程序正在它们上运行。在我发布代码更新时运行thinrestart会给我的应用程序带来一些停机时间。我试图弄清楚如何优雅地重启正在运行的Thin实例,但找不到好的解决方案。有没有人能做到这一点? 最佳答案 #Restartjustthethinserverdescribedbythatconfigsudothin-C/etc/thin/mysite.ymlrestartNginx将继续运行并代理请求。如果您将Nginx设置为使用多个上游服务器,例如server{listen80;server
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