我正在尝试将 @Named bean 注入(inject)到 Junit 测试中。
这在我的 ejb 模块中有效，但在我的 war 模块中同样的方法失败了。
我想知道为什么我得到 org.apache.openejb.OpenEJBException: Creating application failed: couldn't start owb context。
我知道这看起来与 Issue with EJB 3.1 injected with CDI bean while running JUnit 中的问题相同, 但它不能与在另一个模块中工作的相同。
源代码在这里:https://github.com/Crydust/guestbook
工作测试:guestbook/guestbook-ejb/src/test/java/be/crydust/guestbook/ejb/PostBoundaryTest.java
失败测试:guestbook/guestbook-web/src/test/java/be/crydust/guestbook/web/PostBackingTest.java
失败测试的来源(忽略导入):
public class PostBackingTest {
private static EJBContainer ejbContainer;
@Inject
PostBacking cut;
@BeforeClass
public static void startTheContainer() {
ejbContainer = EJBContainer.createEJBContainer();
}
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
ejbContainer.getContext().bind("inject", this);
}
@AfterClass
public static void afterClass() {
if (ejbContainer != null) {
ejbContainer.close();
}
}
// FIXME injection fails
@Test
public void testInjected() {
assertThat(cut, is(not(nullValue())));
}
}
失败测试日志:
cd D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web; JAVA_HOME=C:\\opt\\Java\\jdk1.7.0_45 cmd /c "\"\"C:\\opt\\NetBeans 7.4\\java\\maven\\bin\\mvn.bat\" -Dmaven.ext.class.path=\"C:\\opt\\NetBeans 7.4\\java\\maven-nblib\\netbeans-eventspy.jar\" test\""
Scanning for projects...
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Building guestbook-web 1.0-SNAPSHOT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- jacoco-maven-plugin:0.6.3.201306030806:prepare-agent (prepare-agent) @ guestbook-web ---
surefireArgLine set to -javaagent:D:\home\kristof\.m2\repository\org\jacoco\org.jacoco.agent\0.6.3.201306030806\org.jacoco.agent-0.6.3.201306030806-runtime.jar=destfile=D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target\jacoco.exec
--- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ guestbook-web ---
[debug] execute contextualize
Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
Copying 1 resource
--- maven-dependency-plugin:2.8:copy (copy) @ guestbook-web ---
Configured Artifact: org.apache.openejb:openejb-javaagent:4.6.0:jar
org.apache.openejb:openejb-javaagent:4.6.0:jar already exists in D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
--- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ guestbook-web ---
Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
--- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ guestbook-web ---
[debug] execute contextualize
Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\src\test\resources
--- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ guestbook-web ---
Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
--- maven-surefire-plugin:2.16:test (default-test) @ guestbook-web ---
Surefire report directory: D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target\surefire-reports
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
98 classpath-bootstrap INFO [main] openjpa.Runtime - OpenJPA dynamically loaded a validation provider.
Running be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: ********************************************************************************
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: OpenEJB http://openejb.apache.org/
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: Startup: Tue Dec 17 12:16:48 CET 2013
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: Copyright 1999-2013 (C) Apache OpenEJB Project, All Rights Reserved.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: Version: 4.6.0
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: Build date: 20131117
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: Build time: 06:49
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: ********************************************************************************
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: openejb.home = D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.OpenEJB$Instance <init>
INFO: openejb.base = D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFO: Created new singletonService org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@31185f32
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFO: Succeeded in installing singleton service
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.util.OptionsLog info
INFO: Using 'javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer=true'
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigUtils searchForConfiguration
INFO: Cannot find the configuration file [conf/openejb.xml]. Will attempt to create one for the beans deployed.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default Security Service, type=SecurityService, provider-id=Default Security Service)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default Transaction Manager, type=TransactionManager, provider-id=Default Transaction Manager)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating TransactionManager(id=Default Transaction Manager)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating SecurityService(id=Default Security Service)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:48 PM org.apache.openejb.config.DeploymentsResolver processUrls
INFO: Found PersistenceModule in classpath: d:\home\kristof\.m2\repository\be\crydust\guestbook-entities\1.0-snapshot\guestbook-entities-1.0-snapshot.jar
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.DeploymentsResolver processUrls
INFO: Found EjbModule in classpath: d:\home\kristof\.m2\repository\be\crydust\guestbook-ejb\1.0-snapshot\guestbook-ejb-1.0-snapshot.jar
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory loadApplication
INFO: Beginning load: d:\home\kristof\.m2\repository\be\crydust\guestbook-entities\1.0-snapshot\guestbook-entities-1.0-snapshot.jar
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory loadApplication
INFO: Beginning load: d:\home\kristof\.m2\repository\be\crydust\guestbook-ejb\1.0-snapshot\guestbook-ejb-1.0-snapshot.jar
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureApplication
INFO: Configuring enterprise application: D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.InitEjbDeployments deploy
INFO: Auto-deploying ejb PostBoundary: EjbDeployment(deployment-id=PostBoundary)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default Managed Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Managed Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig createContainer
INFO: Auto-creating a container for bean guestbook-ejb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.Comp577600423: Container(type=MANAGED, id=Default Managed Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating Container(id=Default Managed Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.core.managed.SimplePassivater init
INFO: Using directory C:\Users\kristof\AppData\Local\Temp for stateful session passivation
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default Stateless Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Stateless Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig createContainer
INFO: Auto-creating a container for bean PostBoundary: Container(type=STATELESS, id=Default Stateless Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating Container(id=Default Stateless Container)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig deploy
INFO: Configuring PersistenceUnit(name=guestbookPU)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default JDBC Database, type=Resource, provider-id=Default JDBC Database)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig logAutoCreateResource
INFO: Auto-creating a Resource with id 'Default JDBC Database' of type 'DataSource for 'guestbookPU'.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating Resource(id=Default JDBC Database)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.ConfigurationFactory configureService
INFO: Configuring Service(id=Default Unmanaged JDBC Database, type=Resource, provider-id=Default Unmanaged JDBC Database)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig logAutoCreateResource
INFO: Auto-creating a Resource with id 'Default Unmanaged JDBC Database' of type 'DataSource for 'guestbookPU'.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createRecipe
INFO: Creating Resource(id=Default Unmanaged JDBC Database)
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig setJtaDataSource
INFO: Adjusting PersistenceUnit guestbookPU <jta-data-source> to Resource ID 'Default JDBC Database' from 'null'
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AutoConfig setNonJtaDataSource
INFO: Adjusting PersistenceUnit guestbookPU <non-jta-data-source> to Resource ID 'Default Unmanaged JDBC Database' from 'null'
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.config.AppInfoBuilder build
INFO: Enterprise application "D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target" loaded.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler createApplication
INFO: Assembling app: D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM null
INFO: OpenJPA dynamically loaded a validation provider.
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.ReloadableEntityManagerFactory createDelegate
INFO: PersistenceUnit(name=guestbookPU, provider=org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistenceProviderImpl) - provider time 12ms
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.JndiBuilder bindJava
INFO: Jndi(name="java:global/guestbook-ejb-1.0-SNAPSHOT/PostBoundary!be.crydust.guestbook.ejb.PostBoundary")
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.JndiBuilder bindJava
INFO: Jndi(name="java:global/guestbook-ejb-1.0-SNAPSHOT/PostBoundary")
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initSingleton
INFO: Existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance(): org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@31185f32
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
SEVERE: CDI Beans module deployment failed
org.apache.webbeans.exception.inject.DeploymentException: javax.enterprise.inject.UnsatisfiedResolutionException: Api type [be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBacking] is not found with the qualifiers
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Default()]
for injection into Field Injection Point, field name : cut, Bean Owner : [PostBackingTest, Name:null, WebBeans Type:ENTERPRISE, API Types:[be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest,java.lang.Object,java.io.Serializable], Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Default,javax.enterprise.inject.Any]]
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.deploy(BeansDeployer.java:213)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle.startApplication(OpenEJBLifecycle.java:187)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl.initialize(ThreadSingletonServiceImpl.java:162)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder.build(CdiBuilder.java:43)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createApplication(Assembler.java:799)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createApplication(Assembler.java:612)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEjbContainer$Provider.createEJBContainer(OpenEjbContainer.java:415)
at javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(EJBContainer.java:56)
at javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(EJBContainer.java:43)
at be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest.startTheContainer(PostBackingTest.java:31)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:264)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:124)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:200)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)
Caused by: javax.enterprise.inject.UnsatisfiedResolutionException: Api type [be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBacking] is not found with the qualifiers
Qualifiers: [@javax.enterprise.inject.Default()]
for injection into Field Injection Point, field name : cut, Bean Owner : [PostBackingTest, Name:null, WebBeans Type:ENTERPRISE, API Types:[be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest,java.lang.Object,java.io.Serializable], Qualifiers:[javax.enterprise.inject.Default,javax.enterprise.inject.Any]]
at org.apache.webbeans.util.InjectionExceptionUtil.throwUnsatisfiedResolutionException(InjectionExceptionUtil.java:60)
at org.apache.webbeans.container.InjectionResolver.checkInjectionPoint(InjectionResolver.java:195)
at org.apache.webbeans.container.BeanManagerImpl.validate(BeanManagerImpl.java:954)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.validate(BeansDeployer.java:470)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.validateInjectionPoints(BeansDeployer.java:420)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.deploy(BeansDeployer.java:200)
... 25 more
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler destroyApplication
INFO: Undeploying app: D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler destroyResource
INFO: Closing DataSource: Default JDBC Database
dec 17, 2013 12:16:49 PM org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler destroyResource
INFO: Closing DataSource: Default Unmanaged JDBC Database
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 1.458 sec <<< FAILURE! - in be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest
be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest Time elapsed: 1.458 sec <<< ERROR!
org.apache.openejb.OpenEjbContainer$AssembleApplicationException: org.apache.openejb.OpenEJBException: Creating application failed: D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target: couldn't start owb context
at org.apache.webbeans.util.InjectionExceptionUtil.throwUnsatisfiedResolutionException(InjectionExceptionUtil.java:60)
at org.apache.webbeans.container.InjectionResolver.checkInjectionPoint(InjectionResolver.java:195)
at org.apache.webbeans.container.BeanManagerImpl.validate(BeanManagerImpl.java:954)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.validate(BeansDeployer.java:470)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.validateInjectionPoints(BeansDeployer.java:420)
at org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer.deploy(BeansDeployer.java:200)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle.startApplication(OpenEJBLifecycle.java:187)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl.initialize(ThreadSingletonServiceImpl.java:162)
at org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder.build(CdiBuilder.java:43)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createApplication(Assembler.java:799)
at org.apache.openejb.assembler.classic.Assembler.createApplication(Assembler.java:612)
at org.apache.openejb.OpenEjbContainer$Provider.createEJBContainer(OpenEjbContainer.java:415)
at javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(EJBContainer.java:56)
at javax.ejb.embeddable.EJBContainer.createEJBContainer(EJBContainer.java:43)
at be.crydust.guestbook.web.PostBackingTest.startTheContainer(PostBackingTest.java:31)
Results :
Tests in error:
PostBackingTest.startTheContainer:31 » AssembleApplication org.apache.openejb....
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUILD FAILURE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total time: 4.595s
Finished at: Tue Dec 17 12:16:49 CET 2013
Final Memory: 17M/224M
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.16:test (default-test) on project guestbook-web: There are test failures.
Please refer to D:\home\kristof\Projects\guestbook\guestbook-web\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.
-> [Help 1]
To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
最佳答案
我使用 needle 框架进行此类测试。它会自动注入(inject)模拟，您可以通过通常的方式进行配置，但也可以在需要时用于注入(inject)真实实例(用于协作/集成测试)。
您可以在这里找到它:http://needle.spree.de/
关于java - 如何将 @Named bean 注入(inject) Junit 测试，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20633308/
我正在学习如何使用Nokogiri，根据这段代码我遇到了一些问题:require'rubygems'require'mechanize'post_agent=WWW::Mechanize.newpost_page=post_agent.get('http://www.vbulletin.org/forum/showthread.php?t=230708')puts"\nabsolutepathwithtbodygivesnil"putspost_page.parser.xpath('/html/body/div/div/div/div/div/table/tbody/tr/td/div
总的来说，我对ruby还比较陌生，我正在为我正在创建的对象编写一些rspec测试用例。许多测试用例都非常基础，我只是想确保正确填充和返回值。我想知道是否有办法使用循环结构来执行此操作。不必为我要测试的每个方法都设置一个assertEquals。例如:describeitem,"TestingtheItem"doit"willhaveanullvaluetostart"doitem=Item.new#HereIcoulddotheitem.name.shouldbe_nil#thenIcoulddoitem.category.shouldbe_nilendend但我想要一些方法来使用
很好奇，就使用rubyonrails自动化单元测试而言，你们正在做什么？您是否创建了一个脚本来在cron中运行rake作业并将结果邮寄给您？git中的预提交Hook？只是手动调用？我完全理解测试，但想知道在错误发生之前捕获错误的最佳实践是什么。让我们理所当然地认为测试本身是完美无缺的，并且可以正常工作。下一步是什么以确保他们在正确的时间将可能有害的结果传达给您？ 最佳答案 不确定您到底想听什么，但是有几个级别的自动代码库控制:在处理某项功能时，您可以使用类似autotest的内容获得关于哪些有效，哪些无效的即时反馈。要确保您的提
关闭。这个问题是opinion-based.它目前不接受答案。想要改进这个问题？更新问题，以便editingthispost可以用事实和引用来回答它.关闭4年前。Improvethisquestion我想在固定时间创建一系列低音和高音调的哔哔声。例如:在150毫秒时发出高音调的蜂鸣声在151毫秒时发出低音调的蜂鸣声200毫秒时发出低音调的蜂鸣声250毫秒的高音调蜂鸣声有没有办法在Ruby或Python中做到这一点？我真的不在乎输出编码是什么(.wav、.mp3、.ogg等等)，但我确实想创建一个输出文件。
给定这段代码defcreate@upgrades=User.update_all(["role=?","upgraded"],:id=>params[:upgrade])redirect_toadmin_upgrades_path,:notice=>"Successfullyupgradeduser."end我如何在该操作中实际验证它们是否已保存或未重定向到适当的页面和消息？ 最佳答案 在Rails3中，update_all不返回任何有意义的信息，除了已更新的记录数(这可能取决于您的DBMS是否返回该信息)。http://ar.ru
我在我的项目目录中完成了compasscreate.和compassinitrails。几个问题:我已将我的.sass文件放在public/stylesheets中。这是放置它们的正确位置吗？当我运行compasswatch时，它不会自动编译这些.sass文件。我必须手动指定文件:compasswatchpublic/stylesheets/myfile.sass等。如何让它自动运行？文件ie.css、print.css和screen.css已放在stylesheets/compiled。如何在编译后不让它们重新出现的情况下删除它们？我自己编译的.sass文件编译成compiled/t
我正在寻找执行以下操作的正确语法(在Perl、Shell或Ruby中):#variabletoaccessthedatalinesappendedasafileEND_OF_SCRIPT_MARKERrawdatastartshereanditcontinues. 最佳答案 Perl用__DATA__做这个:#!/usr/bin/perlusestrict;usewarnings;while(){print;}__DATA__Texttoprintgoeshere 关于ruby-如何将脚
Rackup通过Rack的默认处理程序成功运行任何Rack应用程序。例如:classRackAppdefcall(environment)['200',{'Content-Type'=>'text/html'},["Helloworld"]]endendrunRackApp.new但是当最后一行更改为使用Rack的内置CGI处理程序时，rackup给出“NoMethodErrorat/undefinedmethod`call'fornil:NilClass”:Rack::Handler::CGI.runRackApp.newRack的其他内置处理程序也提出了同样的反对意见。例如Rack
在选择我想要运行操作的频率时，唯一的选项是“每天”、“每小时”和“每10分钟”。谢谢!我想为我的Rails3.1应用程序运行调度程序。 最佳答案 这不是一个优雅的解决方案，但您可以安排它每天运行，并在实际开始工作之前检查日期是否为当月的第一天。 关于ruby-如何每月在Heroku运行一次Scheduler插件？，我们在StackOverflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8692687/
我有一个对象has_many应呈现为xml的子对象。这不是问题。我的问题是我创建了一个Hash包含此数据，就像解析器需要它一样。但是rails自动将整个文件包含在.........我需要摆脱type="array"和我该如何处理？我没有在文档中找到任何内容。 最佳答案 我遇到了同样的问题；这是我的XML:我在用这个:entries.to_xml将散列数据转换为XML，但这会将条目的数据包装到中所以我修改了:entries.to_xml(root:"Contacts")但这仍然将转换后的XML包装在“联系人”中，将我的XML代码修改为