我正在尝试将使用树遍历模型分层设置的数据获取到

中，以便在我的网站上显示。

这是我的代码:

function getCats($) {
  // retrieve all children of $parent
  $query = "SELECT max(rght) as max from t_categories";
  $row = C_DB::fetchSingleRow($query);
  $max = $row["max"];
  $result ="<ul>";
  $query = "SELECT * from t_categories where lft >=0 and rght <= $max";
  if($rs = C_DB::fetchRecordset($query)){
    $p_right ="";
    $p_left ="";
    $p_diff="";          
    while($row = C_DB::fetchRow($rs)){
      $diff = $row["rght"] -$row["lft"];

      if($diff == $p_diff){
        $result.= "<li>".$row['title']."</li>";
      }elseif (($row["rght"] - $row["lft"] > 1) && ($row["rght"] > $p_right)){
        $result. "<ul>";
        $result.= "<li>".$row['title']."</li>";

      }else{
        $result.= "<li>".$row['title']."</li>";
      } 

      $p_right = $row["rght"];
      $p_left = $row["lft"];
      $p_diff = $diff;
    }
  }
  $result.= "</ul>";
  return $result;
} 

这是我的示例表:

|ID  |  TITLE | lft| rght |
|1   | Cat 1  | 1      |    16       |
|18  | Cat 2  | 3      |    4       |
|22  | Cat 3  | 5      |    6       |
|28  | Cat 4  | 7      |    8       |
|34  | Cat 5  | 9      |    9       |
|46  | Cat 6  | 11      |    10       |
|47  | Cat 7  | 13      |    12       |
|49  | Cat 8  | 15      |    14       | 

现在它输出如下内容:

    <ul>
<li>Cat 1</li>
<li>Cat 2</li>
<li>Cat 3</li>
<li>Cat 4</li>
<li>Cat 5</li>
<li>Cat 6</li>
<li>Cat 7</li>
<li>Cat 8</li>
</ul>

谁能告诉我为什么或如何以分层结构输出列表？

Related topic

最佳答案

好的，让我们进行一些赏金狩猎；)

第 0 步 - sanitizer 示例:
如前所述，您的示例数据已损坏，因为它没有定义有效的嵌套集。如果您从应用中获取此数据，则应检查插入/删除逻辑。

所以为了测试，我使用了一个像这样的净化版本:
(这里是 MySQL，因为它是手头的第一个)

CREATE TABLE t_categories`(
  `id` INTEGER UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `title` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
  `lft` INTEGER UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `rght` INTEGER UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 1',1,16);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 2',2,3);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 3',4,7);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 4',5,6);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 5',8,13);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 6',9,12);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 7',10,11);
INSERT INTO t_categories (title, lft, rght) VALUES ('Cat 8',14,15);

第 1 步 - 让数据库进行排序
嵌套集最初是作为一种在数据库中存储树的便捷方式而发明的，因为它们可以很容易地查询子树、父关系，并且在这种情况下特别有趣的是，查询顺序和深度:

SELECT node.title, (COUNT(parent.title) - 1) AS depth
 FROM t_categories AS node
 CROSS JOIN t_categories AS parent
 WHERE node.lft BETWEEN parent.lft AND parent.rght
 GROUP BY node.title
 ORDER BY node.lft

这将返回整齐有序的集合，从根节点开始，一直到预排序结束。最重要的是，它将每个节点的深度添加为一个正整数，表示该节点在根以下(级别 0)有多少级别。对于上面的示例数据，结果将是:

title, depth
'Cat 1', 0
'Cat 2', 1
'Cat 3', 1
'Cat 4', 2
'Cat 5', 1
'Cat 6', 2
'Cat 7', 3
'Cat 8', 1

在代码中:

// Grab ordered data
$query = '';
$query .= 'SELECT node.title, (COUNT(parent.title) - 1) AS depth';
$query .= ' FROM t_categories AS node';
$query .= ' CROSS JOIN t_categories AS parent';
$query .= ' WHERE node.lft BETWEEN parent.lft AND parent.rght';
$query .= ' GROUP BY node.title';
$query .= ' ORDER BY node.lft';

$result = mysql_query($query);

// Build array
$tree = array();
while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) {
  $tree[] = $row;
}

生成的数组将如下所示:

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [title] => Cat 1
            [depth] => 0
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [title] => Cat 2
            [depth] => 1
        )
    ...
)

第 2 步 - 输出为 HTML 列表片段:

使用while循环:

// bootstrap loop
$result = '';
$currDepth = -1;  // -1 to get the outer <ul>
while (!empty($tree)) {
  $currNode = array_shift($tree);
  // Level down?
  if ($currNode['depth'] > $currDepth) {
    // Yes, open <ul>
    $result .= '<ul>';
  }
  // Level up?
  if ($currNode['depth'] < $currDepth) {
    // Yes, close n open <ul>
    $result .= str_repeat('</ul>', $currDepth - $currNode['depth']);
  }
  // Always add node
  $result .= '<li>' . $currNode['title'] . '</li>';
  // Adjust current depth
  $currDepth = $currNode['depth'];
  // Are we finished?
  if (empty($tree)) {
    // Yes, close n open <ul>
    $result .= str_repeat('</ul>', $currDepth + 1);
  }
}

print $result;

与递归函数的逻辑相同:

function renderTree($tree, $currDepth = -1) {
  $currNode = array_shift($tree);
  $result = '';
  // Going down?
  if ($currNode['depth'] > $currDepth) {
    // Yes, prepend <ul>
    $result .= '<ul>';
  }
  // Going up?
  if ($currNode['depth'] < $currDepth) {
    // Yes, close n open <ul>
    $result .= str_repeat('</ul>', $currDepth - $currNode['depth']);
  }
  // Always add the node
  $result .= '<li>' . $currNode['title'] . '</li>';
  // Anything left?
  if (!empty($tree)) {
    // Yes, recurse
    $result .=  renderTree($tree, $currNode['depth']);
  }
  else {
    // No, close remaining <ul>
    $result .= str_repeat('</ul>', $currNode['depth'] + 1);
  }
  return $result;
}

print renderTree($tree);

两者都会输出以下结构:

<ul>
    <li>Cat 1</li>
    <li>
        <ul>
            <li>Cat 2</li>
            <li>Cat 3</li>
            <li>
                <ul>
                    <li>Cat 4</li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>Cat 5</li>
            <li>
                <ul>
                    <li>Cat 6</li>
                    <li>
                        <ul>
                            <li>Cat 7</li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </li>
            <li>Cat 8</li>
        </ul>
    </li>
</ul>

Nitpickers 角落:提问者明确要求 <ul> ，但是有序无序列表!？来吧...
;-)

关于php - 将修改后的预序树遍历模型(嵌套集)获取到 <ul>，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1310649/