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我们的Visual C++工程采用MFC框架模式，下面讲解各个功能模块的界面实现

一、游戏菜单的实现

可分为如下几个步骤

1：在工程资源中添加一个菜单资源

2：给每个菜单栏添加响应函数到CTertisView类中

3：菜单响应函数应该尽量调用类中的其他功能函数，减少直接处理的过程，这样程序代码阅读起来结构简单，功能明确，菜单响应函数代码如下

// TetrisView.cpp : implementation of the CTetrisView class
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Tetris.h"

#include "TetrisDoc.h"
#include "TetrisView.h"

#include "HelpDlg.h"
#include "HeroDlg.h"
#include "LevelDlg.h"
#include "Russia.h"

#include <mmsystem.h>

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

/
// CTetrisView

IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CTetrisView, CView)

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTetrisView, CView)
	//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CTetrisView)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_ABOUT, OnAbout)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_HERO_LIST, OnHeroList)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_LEVEL_SETUP, OnLevelSetup)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_PLAY_MUSIC, OnPlayMusic)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_START_GAME, OnStartGame)
	ON_COMMAND(IDR_HELP, OnHelp)
	ON_WM_KEYDOWN()
	ON_WM_TIMER()
	//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
	// Standard printing commands
	ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView::OnFilePrint)
	ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CView::OnFilePrint)
	ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView::OnFilePrintPreview)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/
// CTetrisView construction/destruction

CTetrisView::CTetrisView()
{
	m_bStart = FALSE;
}

CTetrisView::~CTetrisView()
{
}

BOOL CTetrisView::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
	// TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying
	//  the CREATESTRUCT cs

	return CView::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}

/
// CTetrisView drawing

void CTetrisView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{
	CTetrisDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
	ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
	CDC Dc;
	if(Dc.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC)==FALSE)
		AfxMessageBox("Can't create DC");
	//没有开始，显示封面
	if( m_bStart)
	{
		russia.DrawBK(pDC);
	}

}

/
// CTetrisView printing

BOOL CTetrisView::OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{
	// default preparation
	return DoPreparePrinting(pInfo);
}

void CTetrisView::OnBeginPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)
{
	// TODO: add extra initialization before printing
}

void CTetrisView::OnEndPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)
{
	// TODO: add cleanup after printing
}

/
// CTetrisView diagnostics

#ifdef _DEBUG
void CTetrisView::AssertValid() const
{
	CView::AssertValid();
}

void CTetrisView::Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const
{
	CView::Dump(dc);
}

CTetrisDoc* CTetrisView::GetDocument() // non-debug version is inline
{
	ASSERT(m_pDocument->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CTetrisDoc)));
	return (CTetrisDoc*)m_pDocument;
}
#endif //_DEBUG

/
// CTetrisView message handlers
void CTetrisView::OnAbout() 
{
	CAboutDlg aboutDlg;		//生成关于对话框
	aboutDlg.DoModal();		//弹出关于对话框
}

void CTetrisView::OnHeroList() 
{
	CHeroDlg dlg;			//生成英雄榜对话框
	dlg.DoModal();			//弹出英雄榜对话框
}

void CTetrisView::OnLevelSetup() 
{
	CLevelDlg	dlg;	//生成等级设置对话框
	dlg.DoModal();			//弹出等级设置对话框
}

void CTetrisView::OnPlayMusic() 
{
	CWnd*   pMain   =   AfxGetMainWnd();   
	CMenu*   pMenu   =   pMain->GetMenu();
	//判断播放音乐菜单当前状态
	BOOL bCheck = (BOOL)pMenu->GetMenuState(IDR_PLAY_MUSIC, MF_CHECKED);
	
	if(m_bStart)
	{
		if(bCheck)
		{
			pMenu->CheckMenuItem(IDR_PLAY_MUSIC, MF_BYCOMMAND | MF_UNCHECKED);
		}
		else
		{
			pMenu->CheckMenuItem(IDR_PLAY_MUSIC, MF_BYCOMMAND | MF_CHECKED);
		}
		
		PlayBackMusic(!bCheck);			//调用播放背景音乐功能函数
	}

}

void CTetrisView::OnStartGame() 
{
	m_bStart = true;
	russia.GameStart();					//调用RUSSIA对象的游戏开始函数
	SetTimer(1, russia.m_Speed, NULL);
}

void CTetrisView::OnHelp() 
{
	CHelpDlg dlg;						//生成帮助对话框
	dlg.DoModal();						//弹出对话框
}

void CTetrisView::PlayBackMusic(BOOL bCheck)
{
	//指定文件并播放
	if(bCheck)
	{								//播放音乐
		sndPlaySound("music.wav",SND_ASYNC); 
	}
	else
	{								//停止播放
		sndPlaySound(NULL,SND_PURGE); 
	}

}

void CTetrisView::OnKeyDown(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags) 
{
	//没有开始
	if(!m_bStart)
		return;
	
	switch(nChar)
	{
	case VK_LEFT:
		russia.Move(KEY_LEFT);
		break;
	case VK_RIGHT:
		russia.Move(KEY_RIGHT);
		break;		
	case VK_UP:
		russia.Move(KEY_UP);
		break;
	case VK_DOWN:
		russia.Move(KEY_DOWN);
		break;
	}
	//重画
	CDC* pDC=GetDC();
	russia.DrawBK(pDC);
	ReleaseDC(pDC);

	CView::OnKeyDown(nChar, nRepCnt, nFlags);
}

void CTetrisView::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) 
{
	//下移
	russia.Move(KEY_DOWN);
	//重画
	russia.DrawBK(GetDC());
	//关闭TIME1
	KillTimer(1);
	//调整速度
	SetTimer(1, russia.m_Speed, NULL);

	CView::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}

二、游戏帮助对话框的实现

创建一个对话框类，通过资源中的文字说明对游戏操作方法进行描述

#if !defined(AFX_HERODLG_H__6D0A81F3_A5F6_4816_899E_ACC62CDE229A__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_HERODLG_H__6D0A81F3_A5F6_4816_899E_ACC62CDE229A__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
// HeroDlg.h : header file
//

/
// CHeroDlg dialog

// CHeroDlg dialog

class CHeroDlg : public CDialog
{
	// Construction
public:
	void SetWriteFlg(BOOL bflg);
	CHeroDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);   // standard constructor
	
	// Dialog Data
	//{{AFX_DATA(CHeroDlg)
	enum { IDD = IDD_HERO_LIST };
	int		m_level;
	CString	m_name;
	int		m_score;
	//}}AFX_DATA
	
	
	// Overrides
	// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
	//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CHeroDlg)
public:
	virtual int DoModal();
protected:
	virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV support
	//}}AFX_VIRTUAL
	
	// Implementation
protected:
	
	// Generated message map functions
	//{{AFX_MSG(CHeroDlg)
	virtual void OnOK();
	afx_msg void OnBtn();
	virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
	//}}AFX_MSG
	DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
private:
	BOOL m_bWriteflg;
};

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_HERODLG_H__6D0A81F3_A5F6_4816_899E_ACC62CDE229A__INCLUDED_)

类的实现比较简单，就是一个基本对话框类的结构，只对其中的知道了按钮响应函数进行实现，用于退出当前对话框

// HelpDlg.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Tetris.h"
#include "HelpDlg.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

/
// CHelpDlg dialog


CHelpDlg::CHelpDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
	: CDialog(CHelpDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
	//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CHelpDlg)
		// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add member initialization here
	//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}


void CHelpDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
	CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
	//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CHelpDlg)
		// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add DDX and DDV calls here
	//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CHelpDlg, CDialog)
	//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CHelpDlg)
	//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/
// CHelpDlg message handlers

void CHelpDlg::OnOK() 
{
	// TODO: Add extra validation here
	
	CDialog::OnOK();
}

三、游戏英雄榜对话框的实现

要创建一个对话框资源和一个setup.ini配置文件，类声明如下

#if !defined(AFX_HELPDLG_H__A6CEBADE_794E_4F8C_85FB_311FC78558A3__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_HELPDLG_H__A6CEBADE_794E_4F8C_85FB_311FC78558A3__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
// HelpDlg.h : header file
//

/
// CHelpDlg dialog

class CHelpDlg : public CDialog
{
// Construction
public:
	CHelpDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);   // standard constructor

// Dialog Data
	//{{AFX_DATA(CHelpDlg)
	enum { IDD = IDD_HELP };
		// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add data members here
	//}}AFX_DATA


// Overrides
	// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
	//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CHelpDlg)
	protected:
	virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV support
	//}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation
protected:

	// Generated message map functions
	//{{AFX_MSG(CHelpDlg)
	virtual void OnOK();
	//}}AFX_MSG
	DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_HELPDLG_H__A6CEBADE_794E_4F8C_85FB_311FC78558A3__INCLUDED_)

类的实现中通过调用系统API函数对配置文件进行读写操作，而设置读写标志接口函数是对类中的一个成员变量进行赋值操作，达到写入或者读取的区分，代码如下

// HeroDlg.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Tetris.h"
#include "HeroDlg.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

/
// CHeroDlg dialog


CHeroDlg::CHeroDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
	: CDialog(CHeroDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
	m_bWriteflg = FALSE;
}


void CHeroDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
	CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
	//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CHeroDlg)
	DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_LEVEL_EDIT, m_level);
	DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_NAME_EDIT, m_name);
	DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_SCORE_EDIT, m_score);
	DDV_MinMaxInt(pDX, m_score, 0, 10000);
	//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CHeroDlg, CDialog)
	//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CHeroDlg)
	ON_BN_CLICKED(IDOK_BTN, OnBtn)
	//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/
// CHeroDlg message handlers

void CHeroDlg::OnOK() 
{

}

void CHeroDlg::SetWriteFlg(BOOL bflg)
{
	m_bWriteflg = bflg;
}

int CHeroDlg::DoModal() 
{
	char pszTmp[128] = {0};

	//读取配置文件
	GetPrivateProfileString("HERO", "name", "0", 
		pszTmp, 127, ".\\setup.ini");
	m_name = CString(pszTmp);

	if(!m_bWriteflg)
	{
		GetPrivateProfileString("HERO", "score", "0", 
			pszTmp, 127, ".\\setup.ini");
		m_score = atoi(pszTmp);
		GetPrivateProfileString("HERO", "level", "0", 
			pszTmp, 127, ".\\setup.ini");
		m_level = atoi(pszTmp);
		
	}

	return CDialog::DoModal();
}

void CHeroDlg::OnBtn() 
{
	UpdateData(TRUE);
	if(m_bWriteflg)
	{
		CString tmp;
		tmp.Format("%d", m_score);
		WritePrivateProfileString("HERO", "name", m_name, ".\\setup.ini");
		WritePrivateProfileString("HERO", "score", tmp, ".\\setup.ini");
		tmp.Format("%d", m_level);
		WritePrivateProfileString("HERO", "level", tmp, ".\\setup.ini");
	}
	m_bWriteflg = FALSE;

	CDialog::OnOK();
}

BOOL CHeroDlg::OnInitDialog() 
{
	CDialog::OnInitDialog();
	
	if(m_bWriteflg)
	{
		SetDlgItemText(IDOK_BTN, "记录");
	}
	
	return TRUE; 
}

四、游戏播放背景音乐的实现

播放游戏背景音乐，是通过调用Windows的API函数sndPlaySound来实现的，需要如下几个步骤

1：在工程文件中，添加winmm.lib静态库文件以及头文件

2：实现CTetrisView类中的PlayBackMusic成员函数

五、游戏等级设置对话框的实现

创建一个对话框资源，并往配置文件中添加一个小节用于记录设置游戏的等级，并且对确定按钮和取消按钮绑定响应函数，类的声明如下

#if !defined(AFX_LEVELDLG_H__E423F5C3_7698_4365_A009_4E6C7BC62189__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_LEVELDLG_H__E423F5C3_7698_4365_A009_4E6C7BC62189__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
// LevelDlg.h : header file
//

/
// CLevelDlg dialog

class CLevelDlg : public CDialog
{
// Construction
public:
	CLevelDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);   // standard constructor

// Dialog Data
	//{{AFX_DATA(CLevelDlg)
	enum { IDD = IDD_LEVEL_DLG };
	int		m_level;
	//}}AFX_DATA


// Overrides
	// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
	//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CLevelDlg)
	protected:
	virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV support
	//}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation
protected:

	// Generated message map functions
	//{{AFX_MSG(CLevelDlg)
	virtual void OnOK();
	virtual void OnCancel();
	virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
	//}}AFX_MSG
	DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_LEVELDLG_H__E423F5C3_7698_4365_A009_4E6C7BC62189__INCLUDED_)

游戏等级设置对话框通过初始化对话框时，把配置文件中的当前等级参数读出来并显示，然后根据用户单击确定按钮进行相应的写入操作，类的实现代码如下

// LevelDlg.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Tetris.h"
#include "LevelDlg.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

/
// CLevelDlg dialog


CLevelDlg::CLevelDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
	: CDialog(CLevelDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
	//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CLevelDlg)
	m_level = 0;
	//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}


void CLevelDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
	CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
	//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CLevelDlg)
	DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_LEVEL_EDIT, m_level);
	DDV_MinMaxInt(pDX, m_level, 1, 10);
	//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}


BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CLevelDlg, CDialog)
	//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CLevelDlg)
	//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/
// CLevelDlg message handlers

void CLevelDlg::OnOK() 
{
	if(UpdateData(TRUE))
	{
		CString tmp;
		tmp.Format("%d", m_level);
		WritePrivateProfileString("SETUP", "level", tmp, ".\\setup.ini");
		CDialog::OnOK();
	}
}

void CLevelDlg::OnCancel() 
{

	CDialog::OnCancel();
}

BOOL CLevelDlg::OnInitDialog() 
{
	CDialog::OnInitDialog();
	
	char pszTmp[128] = {0};

	GetPrivateProfileString("SETUP", "level", "0", 
		pszTmp, 127, ".\\setup.ini");
	m_level = atoi(pszTmp);

	UpdateData(FALSE);

	return TRUE;  // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control
	              // EXCEPTION: OCX Property Pages should return FALSE
}

测试效果如下

 

 

 

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