我对 MySQL 中的以下行为有一个非常基本的问题。
假设我们执行以下GROUP BY:
SELECT a, b, SUM(c)
FROM table
GROUP BY b;
a 字段发生了什么变化,它既不聚合也不包含在 GROUP BY 字段中?
MySQL 是否只是隐式地将 FIRST(a) 应用于 a?如果是这样,这种行为是否一致,或者它是否从 a 的所有值中获取随机值?
最佳答案
MySQL > 5.7.5
这是一个非法查询。
您将收到如下错误:
ERROR 1055 (42000): Expression #1 of SELECT list is not in
GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column 'a'
which is not functionally dependent on columns in
GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
MySQL 5.7.5 and up implements detection of functional dependence. If the
ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY SQLmode is enabled (which it is by default), MySQL rejects queries for which the select list,HAVINGcondition, orORDER BYlist refer to nonaggregated columns that are neither named in theGROUP BYclause nor are functionally dependent on them
更多详情请访问 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/group-by-handling.html
MySQL <>
简答:这是一个有效的查询,但服务器可以自由返回任何值
阅读此 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/group-by-handling.html显示:
12.16.3 MySQL Handling of GROUP BY In standard SQL, a query that includes a GROUP BY clause cannot refer to nonaggregated columns in the select list that are not named in the GROUP BY clause. For example, this query is illegal in standard SQL because the name column in the select list does not appear in the GROUP BY:
SELECT o.custid, c.name, MAX(o.payment) FROM orders AS o, customers AS c WHERE o.custid = c.custid GROUP BY o.custid;For the query to be legal, the name column must be omitted from the select list or named in the GROUP BY clause.
MySQL extends the use of GROUP BY so that the select list can refer to nonaggregated columns not named in the GROUP BY clause. This means that the preceding query is legal in MySQL. You can use this feature to get better performance by avoiding unnecessary column sorting and grouping. However, this is useful primarily when all values in each nonaggregated column not named in the GROUP BY are the same for each group. The server is free to choose any value from each group, so unless they are the same, the values chosen are indeterminate. Furthermore, the selection of values from each group cannot be influenced by adding an ORDER BY clause. Sorting of the result set occurs after values have been chosen, and ORDER BY does not affect which values within each group the server chooses.
因此无法确定该值是多少(如果该组有更多值)
关于MySQL:GROUP BY 上的非聚合字段会发生什么情况?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31697469/
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